Discrete

Distributions
Dr. Hanan Hammouri

1
 Discrete Uniform Distribution

•Conditions
  to use it.
Used if we have equally likely outcomes
consecutive integers
Definition
A random variable of a, a+1,…, b where
these values are consecutive integers then
for x=a ,a+1,…,b

2
 Discrete Uniform Distribution

Mean and Variance

3
 Discrete Uniform Distribution
•  
Example

99/12

4
 Discrete Uniform Distribution

Probability mass function for a discrete uniform random

variable.

5
 Binomial Distribution
Definition

6
Binomial Distribution

Mean and Variance

7
 Binomial Distribution

Random experiments and random variables

8
 Binomial Distribution

Random experiments and random variables

9
Binomial Distribution
Example

10
Binomial Distribution
Example

11
 Binomial Distribution

Example

12
 Binomial Distribution
You’re a telemarketer selling service
contracts for a certain store. You’ve
sold 20 in your last 100 calls (p = .20).
If you call 12 people tonight, what’s
the probability of
A. No sales?
B. Exactly 2 sales?
C. At most 2 sales?
D. At least 2 sales?
13
 Binomial Distribution
n = 12, p = .20
A. p(0) = .0687
B. p(2) = .2835
C. p(at most 2) = p(0) + p(1) + p(2)
= .0687 + .2062 + .2835
= .5584
D. p(at least 2) = p(2) + p(3)...+ p(12)
= 1 – [p(0) + p(1)]
= 1 – .0687 – .2062
= .7251

14
 Hypergeometric Distribution

Definition

15
 Hypergeometric Distribution

Mean and Variance

16
 Hypergeometric Distribution

Example

17
 Hypergeometric Distribution
Example

18
Hypergeometric Distribution
Example
• Find the expected value and variance:
• N=300
• K=100
• n=4 then p=100/300=1/3
• E(X)=4/3
• Var(X)=8/9*296/299=.88

19
 Poisson Distribution
1. When to use: Number of events that occur in an interval
• events per unit
— Time, Length, Area, Space
2. Examples
• Number of customers arriving in 20 minutes
• Number of strikes per year in the U.S.
• Number of defects per lot (group) of DVD’s
• Number of machines that break down in a day
• Number of units sold in a week
• Number of people arriving at a bank teller per hour
• Number of telephone calls to customer support per
hour

20
 Poisson Distribution
Definition
A variable follows a Poisson distribution if the following
conditions are met:
• Data are counts of events (nonnegative integers with no
upper bound).
• All events are independent.
• mean rate does not change over the period of interest.
And should be known.

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 Poisson Distribution

Mean and Variance

22
Poisson Distribution
Example

23
Poisson Distribution
Example

24
 Poisson Distribution Example
Customers arrive at a rate of 72 per hour. What is
the probability of 4 customers arriving in 3
minutes?
72 Per Hr.
1.2 Per Min.
3.6 Per 3 Min. Interval

-
 e
x
p( x) 
x!
 3.6 
4 -3.6
e
p(4)   .1912
4! 25
Poisson Distribution Solution
72 Per Hr. = 1.2 Per Min. = 3.6 Per 3 Min. Interval

-
 e
x
p ( x) 
x!
 3.6 
4 -3.6
e
p (4)   .1912
4!

26