WORKSHOP

THE RORSCHACH
{ A Comprehensive System }

BY
Prasanta Kumar Roy
Clinical Psychologist
• Number one is strange and wingy
• Number two is red and splashy
• Number three is civilized
• Number four is deep and dark as fairy tale
• Number one is strange and wingy
• And five will bring you back to earth
• Number two is red and splashy
• Number three is civilized
 With six you blush • Number four is deep and dark as
fairy tale
• And seven, you smile and feel elated
•
•
And five will bring you back to earth
With six you blush
And seven, you smile and feel
At eight emotions blend with art,
•
 elated
• At eight emotions blend with art,
 And nine disturbs you: what might this be?
• And nine disturbs you: what might
this be?
 Then ten explodes in joyful
•
fantasy.
Then ten explodes in joyful fantasy.

(Anonymous)
(Anonymous)
 History and Development
• Greeks were interested in the interaction of
ambiguity & person’s depiction of reality
• Da Vinci & Botticelli (15th Century) postulated a
relationship between creativity & procession of
ambiguous materials
• 19th century European parlour game BLOTTO:
Create response to inkblots
• Binet & Henry (1895): IB as a way of studying
imagination
• Dearborn (1897): Experiemental approach to
study consciousness
 History and Development

• Rybakow (1910) developed eight blots

to tap imaginative function
• Hens (1917) used inkblots with
children, normal adults, psy. Pts.
• Hermann Rorschach: Psychodiagnostik
• Walter Morgenthaler, Emil Oberholzer,
George Roemer
• David Levy: 1st American Rorschach
Seminar (1925)
 History and Development

• Samuel Beck
• Bruno Klopfer
• Zygmunt Piotrowski
• Marguerite Hertz
• David Rapaport & Roy Schafer
• John E. Exner Jr.
Rorschach Comprehensive
System
• Why Comprehensive System?

Perceptual-Cognitive Task
Vs.
Stimulus to Fantasy
 Administration
• Seating: Side-by-side
• Step-1: Introducing the Test
• Step-2: Instructions
“What might this be?”
• “its an inkblot”
“That’s right, that’s what it is, but I
want you to tell me what might it be,
what else does it look like?”
 Administration
• Step-3: Response Phase
• Basic conditions of step-2 should be adhered
• Record verbatim quickly & efficiently
• Use symbols (>< V)
• Note any odd or unusual responses or reactions
• Silence by the examiner is the rule, interrupted only
during exchange of cards or when a comment is
necessary
• Client should hold the card
• Responses to questions should be nondirective
 Administration
Examples of Questions
S: Can I turn?
E: It’s up to you
S: Is that the right answer?
E: There are all sorts of answer
S: Does it look like that to you?
E: I can see a lot of things
S: Do you always show people the same?
E: Yes
S: How many of these are there?
E: Just 10
S: How long will it take?
E: Not very long.
 Administration
Prompting
• “If you take your time and look some
more I think that you will find
something else, too.”

• “Wait, don’t hurry through these. We

are in no hurry, take your time.”
 Administration
Brief & Lengthy Protocol
• <14 responses probably not valid

• “Now you know how it’s done. But there’s a

problem. You didn’t give enough answers for
us to get anything out of the test. So we will
go through them again and this time I want
you to make sure to give more answers. You
can include the same ones you’ve already
given if you like, but make sure to give me
more answers this time”
 Administration
Brief & Lengthy Protocol
• Potential Rejection:
- Rejection in Card 1 or in Card 2 after one
response in Card 1
- Card 9 Most often rejected
-Reassure “Take your time, we are in no hurry”

“Look, take your time, everyone can

find something. We’ve got all day if we need it”
 Administration
Brief & Lengthy Protocol

Lengthy Records:
• Card-1: >5 responses

“Alright, let’s do the next one”

• Same for subsequent cards
• If <5 in any card in between: No
Intervention
 Administration
Step-4: Inquiry Phase
Overall purpose of Inquiry
• To ensure that the coding of the response is
as accurate as possible
• To clarify the responses already given, not
to obtain new responses
 Administration
• Inquiry should begin after all 10 cards
administered
• It is critical that client understands why the
inquiry is being conducted and what is
expected
• Once the person implies an understanding
of the task, the inquiry can begin but not
before then
“Now we are going to go back through the
cards again. It won’t take very long. I want to
see the things that you said you saw and make
sure that I see them like you do. We’ll do them
one at a time. I’ll read what you said and I
want you to show me where it is in the blot and
then tell me what there is there that makes it
look like that to you, so that I can see it too,
just like you did. Is that clear?”
 Administration
• Examiner must be throughly familiar with the
coding possibilities
• Aim of Inquiry to identify Location, Determinant,
Content
• When Location is specified, note this in Location
Sheet
• Inquiry questions have to be nondirective
• Examiner must be alert for any words that implies
the presence of a determinants. If detected,
appropriate question should be posed
 Administration
1. Response: It cb a beautiful butterfly
Inquiry:
S: Yes, ths cb the wings of btrfly and this is the body
E: You mentioned it is beautiful
2. Response: It ll 2 bears
Inquiry:
S: Yeah, c here & here, like they r fighting
E: You said like they r fighting
S: Yes, that red ll blood, they r hurt
 Administration
3. Response: 2 people doing smthng at night
Inquiry:
S:Yes, c here they r, their heads, legs & arms
E: You said doing something at night
S: Yeah, they r cooking
E: You also said it was at night

Questions are based on Key words. Key words occur

in the response or spontaneously in Inquiry (first
verbalization)
 Administration
• Inappropriate Questions
• Resistance in the inquiry
• Inquiring comments
• Testing of Limits
 Scoring/Coding
• The procedure of translating Rorschach responses
into Rorschach symbols has been called scoring
• Coding procedure reduces the response into a logical
and systematic format: A Rorschach Language
(WoFoAP)
• Structural Summary
• Cardinal rule of coding: It should represent the
cognitive operations that occurred at the time person
gave the response
• 2nd Rule: All of the components that appear in the
response should be included in coding
Card & Location Determinant Pair Content Popular Z Special
Response & DQ & FQ Score Score
No.
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY
Location Determinants
Features Blends Single Contents Approach
Zf = M = H = I =
ZSum = FM = (H) = II =
ZEst = m = Hd = III =
W = FC = (Hd) = IV =
D = CF = Hx = V =
C = A = VI =
W+D =
Cn = (A) = VII =
Dd = FC’ = Ad =
S = VIII =
C’F = (Ad) = IX =
DQ C’ = An = X =
+ = FT = Art =
o = TF = Ay =
v/+ = T = Bl = Special Scores
FV = Bt = Lv1 Lv2
v =
VF = Cg = DV =x1 x2
V = Cl = INC =x2 x4
FY = Ex = DR =x3 x6
YF = Fd = FAB = x4 x7
Y = Fi = ALOG = x5
Fr = Ge = CON = x7
rF = Hh = Raw Sum6 =
FD = Ls = Wgtd Sum6 =
F = Na = AB= GHR =
(2) = Sc = AG= PHR =
Sx = COP= MOR =
Xy = CP= PER =
Id = PSV =
 •Form Quality
• FQx Mqual W+D
• + = = =
• o = = =
• u = = =
• - = = =
• none = = =

R= L=
EB= EA = EBPer= FC:CF+C = GHR:PHR =
eb= es = D = Pure C = Human Cont=
Adj es= Adj D =
SumC’:WsumC= Pure H =
FM = SumC ’ = SumT =
m = SumV = SumY =
Afr = Isol Index =
a:p = XA% = Blends:R = 3r + (2)/ R =
Ma:Mp = WDA% = W:D:Dd = Fr + rF =
2AB + Art + Ay= X-% = W:M = An + Xy =
Sum6 = S- = Zd =
Lv2 = P =
Wsum6= X+% =
Xu% = H:(H) + Hd + (Hd) =

PTI= DEPI =
CDI= S-CON=
HVI= OBS =
 Location
Symbol Definition Criteria
W Whole Response Where the entire blot is
used. All portions must be
used
D Common Detail A frequently identified
Response area
Dd Unusual Detail An infrequently identified
Response area
S Space Response A white space area is
used (scored only with
another location symbol:
WS, DS, DdS)
 D2 Dd32

D3

Dd35 D5
 Developmental Quality
• Quality of specification and/or
organization that marks the response

• Synthesized Response :+
• Ordinary Response :o
• Vague Synthesized Response : v/+
• Vague :v
 Determinant
Category Symbol Criterion

Form F Form answers. Responses based

exclusively on fore features of blot
Movement M Human Movement. Kinesthetic activity
of human, or of an animal or fictional
character in human-like activity
FM Animal Movement. Kinesthetic activity
of animal. Must be congruent to the
species identified, if not, Code M
m Inanimate, inorganic or insensate
object movement.
Category Symbol Criterion

Chromatic C Pure Colour. Exclusively on chrom. col.

Colour Features of blot, No form is involved

CF Colour-Form Response. Formulated

primarily because of chrom. Col. Of blot.
Form is used, but secondary importance

FC Form-Colour Response. Created mainly

b’coz of form features. Chrom. Col. is
used, but of secondary importance

Cn Colour Naming. When colours are

identified by name & with the intention of
giving a response
Category Symbol Criterion

C’ Pure Achromatic Colour. Exclusively on

Achromatic grey, black, white features of blot; used
Colour clearly as colour. No form is involved

C’F Achrom.Colour-Form Response.

Formulated primarily because of Achrom.
Col. Of blot. Form is used, but secondary
importance

FC’ Form-Achrom.Colour Response. Created

mainly b’coz of form features. AChrom.
Col. is used, but of secondary importance
Category Symbol Criterion

T Pure Texture Response. Shading

Shading- components of blot are transalated to
Texture represent a tactual phenomenon, no
consideration to form feature
TF Texture-Form Response. Shading features
are interpreted as tactual, form is used
secondarily for elaboration or clarification

FT Form-Texture Response. Created mainly

b’coz of form features. Shading features
are translated as tactual, but of secondary
importance
Category Symbol Criterion

V Pure Vista Response. Shading components

Shading- are interpreted as depth or dimensionality,
Dimension no consideration to form feature

VF Vista-Form Response. Shading features are

interpreted as depth or dimensionality,
form is included but with secondary
importance

FV Form-Vista Response. Created mainly b’coz

of form features. Shading features are
translated as depth, but of secondary
importance
Category Symbol Criterion

Y Pure Shading Response. Exclusively on

Shading- light-dark features that are completely
Diffuse formless & do not involve either texture or
dimension.
YF Shading-Form Response. Primarily light-
dark feature, form is included but with
secondary importance.

FY Form-Shading Response. Created mainly

b’coz of form features. Light-dark features
are included as elaboration or clarification
or of secondary importance.
Category Symbol Criterion

Form FD Form based dimensional response.

Dimension Impression of depth, distance or
dimensionality is created by elements of
size or shape of contours. No shading used
(2) Pair Response. Where 2 identical objects
Pairs & are reported, based on symmetry of blot.
Reflection Not reflected or mirror image
rF Reflection-Form Response. Blot area is
reported as reflection or mirror image
based on symmetry of blot. Content
reported has no specific form requirement
Fr Form-Reflection Response. Blot area is
reported as reflection or mirror image
based on symmetry of blot. Object
reported has specific form demand.
 Form Quality
• The fitness ot appropriateness of the blot
features to the object reported
Symbol Definition Criterion

+ Ordinary- Unusually detail elaboration

elaborated of form
o Ordinary Common response, easy to
see answers
u Unusual Low frequency response

_ Minus Distorted, unrealistic use of

form
 Content
H (H) Hd (Hd) Hx A

(A) Ad (Ad) An Art Ay

Bl Bt Cg Cl Ex Fi

Fd Ge Hh Ls Na Sc

Sx Xy Id
 Popular
Card Location Criterion
I W Bat
I W Butterfly
II D1 Animal
III D9 Human figures or representation
IV W/ D7 Human or Human-like figure
V W Butterfly
V W Bat
VI W/ D1 Skin/ rug
VII D1/ D9 Human head or face
VIII D1 Whole animal figures
IX D3 Human or Human-like figure
X D1 Crab/ Spider
 Organizational Activity
• Answers in which organization occurs are assigned
a numerical value, called Z score
• ZW: W response with DQ codings of +, o, v/+
(Except Wv)
• ZA: 2 or more separate objects identified in
adjacent detail area of the blot are reported in
meaningful relation
• ZD: 2 or more separate objects identified in
nonadjacent detail areas of blot, are reported in a
meaningful relation
• ZS: White space is integrated with other areas of
the blot in forming a response.
 Special Scores
• Unusual verbalizations are an important element in
the study of cognitive activity, especially issues of
dysfunction
• If some cognitive slippage occurs, it often manifests
verbally.
• Cognitive mishaps are evidenced in Rorschach
responses as
i) Deviant Verbalizations (DV, DR)
ii) Inappropriate Combinations (INCOM, FABCOM, CONTAM)
iii) Inappropriate Logic (ALOG)
 Special Scores
• DV, DR, INCOM, FABCOM are differentiated
for bizarrness and designated as either
Level 1 or Level 2
• Level 1: Responses that represent mild or
modest forms of cognitive mismanagement
• Level 2: Responses that reflect more
serious form of cognitive disarray
• Age, education, cultural background should
not be considered in making distinction
 Special Scores
Deviant Verbalization (DV)
• In which an inappropriate word or
words have been used
• Neologism: Use of inapplicable word in
place of an appropriate word
• Redundancy: Involving the odd use of
language in which person identifies
twice the nature of the object reported
 Special Scores
Deviant Response (DR)
• For answers that have a strange or peculiar
quality
• Inappropriate Phrase: Include phrases that
are inappropriate or completely irrelevent to
the response
• Circumstantial Response: Answers that are
rambling in which it becomes
inappropriately elaborative in ways that
seem to ignore the task.
 Special Scores
Incongruous Combinations (INCOM)
• Responses in which one or more highly
implausible or impossible features or
activities attributed to a single object
(Except Cartoon character)
 Special Scores
Fabulized Combination (FABCOM):
• Implausible or impossible relationship is
posited between 2 or more objects.
• Implausible transparencies
Contamination (CONTAM):
• 2 or more impressions that have been
fused into a single response in a
manner that clearly violates reality.
 Special Scores
Inappropriate Logic (ALOG):
• Spontaneously uses strained,
unconventional reasoning to justify the
answer
Perseveration (PSV):
• Within card PSV
• Content PSV
• Mechanical PSV
 Special Scores
Special Content Characteristics

Includes specific cognitive features or

projected material seemingly related to
characteristics of self.
 Abstract Content (AB)- For Pure Hx and
symbolic representation
 Aggressive Movement (AG)- Action is
clearly aggressive and aggressive must
be occuring
 Special Scores
Special Content Characteristics

 Cooperative Movement (COP)- Any

movement response that is clearly
positive or cooperative. Interaction
must be unequivocal
 Morbid Content (MOR)-Identification of
object as dead, destroyed, spoiled,
injured, broken OR attribution to an
object is clearly dysphoric
 Special Scores
Human Representational Responses

 Responses that contain any human

content [H, (H), Hd, (Hd), Hx]
 Responses that contain determinant M
 FM responses that have COP or AG
special score
 Special Scores
Human Representational Responses
1. Score GHR for a Pure H that also have
all of the following:
 FQ of +, o, u
 No Cognitive SS except DV
 No Ag or MOR
2. PHR that have either:
 FQ minus or FQ none
 FQ +, o, u & ALOG, CONTAM or any
Lvl2 SS.
 Special Scores
Human Representational Responses
3. GHR for any remaining representational answer
with SS of COP but no AG
4. PHR for either:
a. SS of FABCOM or MOR
b. Content score An
5. GHR if Card III, IV, VII, IX are coded popular
6. PHR if any of the following:
 The SS of AG, INCOM or DR
a. An Hd coding [not (Hd) coding]
7. GHR for all remaining human representational
answers
 Special Scores

 Personal (PER): Refernence to personal

knowledge or experience is used to justify or
clarify a response

 Colour Projection (CP): Identification of

an achromotic portion of a blot as being
coloured
 Lv1 Lv2
DV = x1 x2
INC = x2 x4
DR = x3 x6
FAB = x4 x7
ALOG= x5
CON = x7
Raw Sum6 =
Wgtd Sum6 =
STRUCTURAL SUMMARY
Location Determinants
Features Blends Single Contents Approach
Zf = M = H = I =
ZSum = FM = (H) = II =
ZEst = m = Hd = III =
W = FC = (Hd) = IV =
D = CF = Hx = V =
C = A = VI =
W+D =
Cn = (A) = VII =
Dd = FC’ = Ad =
S = VIII =
C’F = (Ad) = IX =
DQ C’ = An = X =
+ = FT = Art =
o = TF = Ay =
v/+ = T = Bl = Special Scores
FV = Bt = Lv1 Lv2
v =
VF = Cg = DV =x1 x2
V = Cl = INC =x2 x4
FY = Ex = DR =x3 x6
YF = Fd = FAB = x4 x7
Y = Fi = ALOG = x5
Fr = Ge = CON = x7
rF = Hh = Raw Sum6 =
FD = Ls = Wgtd Sum6 =
F = Na = AB= GHR =
(2) = Sc = AG= PHR =
Sx = COP= MOR =
Xy = CP= PER =
Id = PSV =
 •Form Quality
• FQx Mqual W+D
• + = = =
• o = = =
• u = = =
• - = = =
• none = = =

R= L=
EB= EA = EBPer= FC:CF+C = GHR:PHR =
eb= es = D = Pure C = Human Cont=
Adj es= Adj D =
SumC’:WsumC= Pure H =
FM = SumC ’ = SumT =
m = SumV = SumY =
Afr = Isol Index =
a:p = XA% = Blends:R = 3r + (2)/ R =
Ma:Mp = WDA% = W:D:Dd = Fr + rF =
2AB + Art + Ay= X-% = W:M = An + Xy =
Sum6 = S- = Zd =
Lv2 = P =
Wsum6= X+% =
Xu% = H:(H) + Hd + (Hd) =

PTI= DEPI =
CDI= S-CON=
HVI= OBS =
 Structural Summary
Core Section
• Lamda (L): Pure F/ R-F
• W SumC: (0.5)xFC + (1.0)xCF + (1.5)xC
• Erlrbnistypus (EB)= SumM:WsumC
• Experience Actual (EA)= SumM+WsumC
• EB Pervasive (EBPer)= Dividing larger no. of EB
by the smaller no. if
I. EA≥4,
II. L<1.0,
III. If EA falls between 4.0 & 10.0, one side of EB
must be at least 2 points greater. If EA > 10, at
least 2.5 points greater
 Structural Summary
Core Section
• Experience Base (eb)= Sum
FM+m:SumC’+SumT+SumY+SumV
• Experenced Stimulation (es)= Sum of
FM+m+C’+T+Y+V
• D Score (D)= EA-es
• Adjusted es (Adj es)= Subtracting from es all
but 1 m and 1 SumY
• Adjusted D score (Adj D)= EA-Adj es
D score Conversion Table
EA-es value D Score
+13.0 to +15.0 +5
+10.5 to +12.5 +4
+8.0 to +10.0 +3
+5.5 to +7.5 +2
+3.0 to +5.0 +1
-2.5 to +2.5 0
-3.0 to -5.0 -1
-5.5 to -7.5 -2
-8.0 to -10.0 -3
-10.5 to -12.5 -4
-13.0 to -15.0 -5
 Ideation Section

• Frequeny data of MOR, Sum6, Lvl2, M-, M

no form
• WSum6
• Active:Pasive Ratio (a:p)
• MActive:Passive Ratio (Ma:Mp)
• Intellectualization Index= 2AB+(Art+Ay)
 Affect Section

• Frequencies of Pure C, S, CP
• Form-Colour Ratio (FC:CF+C) including Cn
• Constriction Ratio (SumC’:WsumC)
• Affective Ratio (Afr)= No. of R in
(VIII+IX+X) / (I+II+III+IV+V+VI+VII)
• Complexity Ratio (Blends:R)
 Mediation Section

• Frequency of P & S-
• Form Appropriate Extended (XA%)= Sum of
R that have FQ of +, o, u/R
• Form Appropriate-Common Areas (WDA%)=
Sum of W+D responses with FQ +,o, u/ Sum
W+D
• Distorted Form (X-%)= Sum FQ-/R
• Conventional Form Use (X+%)=
Sum FQ+ & o/ R
• Unusual Form Use (Xu%)= Sum FQu/R
 Processing Section

• Frequency data of Zf, PSV, Zf Zest

DQ+, DQv
1 -
• Economy Index (W:D:Dd) 2 2.5
• Aspirational Ratio (W:M) 3 6.0
4 10.0
• Processing Efficiency (Zd)= 5 13.5
Zsum-Zest 6 17.0
7 20.5
8 24.0
..
50 173.0
 Interpersonal Section

• Frequency data of COP, AG, Fd, Pure H,

PER, SumT
• GHR:PHR
• a:p
• Interpersonal interest (Human Content)=
H+ (H) + Hd +(Hd)
• Isolation Index= Bt +2Cl +Ge +Ls +2Na
R
 Self-Perception Section

• Frequency data of Sum Fr + rF, FD, SumV,

MOR, An +Xy

• H: (H) +Hd +(Hd)

• Egocentricity Index= 3r+(2)/R

 Special Indices
Suicide Constellation
 Check Positive if 8 or more conditions are true:
 FV + VF + V + FD > 2
 Colour-Shading Blends > 0
 3r + (2)/R <.31 or >.44
 MOR> 3
 Zd > +3.5 or < -3.5
 es > EA
 CF+C > FC
 X+% < .70
 S >3
 P < 3 or > 8
 Pure H < 2
 R < 17
Perceptual-Thinking Index (PTI)

 XA% < .70 and WDA% < .75

 X-% > .29
 LVL2 >2 and FAB2 >0
 R < 17 and WSUM6 > 12
OR R> 16 and WSUM6> 16
 M- >1 OR X-% > .40

• Sum PTI
 Depression Index (DEPI)

 Check Positive if 5 or more conditions are true:

 FV + VF + V> 0 OR FD> 2
 Col-Shd blends > 0 OR S > 2
 3r + (2)/R > .44 and Fr + rF= 0
OR 3r + (2)/R <. 33
 Afr < .46 OR Blends < 4
 SumShading > FM+ m OR SumC’ > 2
 MOR > 2 OR 2AB + Art + Ay > 3
 COP < 2 OR (Bt + 2Cl + Ls + 2Na)/R > .24
Coping Deficit Index (CDI)

 Check Positive if 4 or 5 conditions are true:

 EA <6 OR AdjD <0

 COP <2 and AG <2
 Weighted Sum C <2.5 OR *Afr <.46
 Passive > Active + 1 OR Pure H <2
 Sum T >1
OR Isolate/R > .24
OR Food >0

*Should be adjusted for younger clients

 Hypervigilance Index (HVI)

Check Positive if condition 1 is true and at least

4 of the others are true:

 FT + TF + T = 0

 Zf > 12
 Zd > +3.5
S > 3
 H + (H) + Hd + (Hd) > 6
 (H) + (A) + (Hd) + (Ad) >3
 H + A: Hd + Ad < 4:1
 Cg > 3
Obsessive Style Index (OBS)

 (1) Dd > 3
 (2) Zf > 12
 (3) Zd > +3.0
 (4) Populars >7
 (5) FQ+ > 1

 Check Positive if 1 or more is true:

 Conditions 1 to 5 are all true
 2 or more of 1 to 4 are true AND FQ+>3
 3 or more of 1 to 5 are true AND X+% >.89
 FQ+ >3 AND X+% >.89
INTERPRETATION
 Interpretive Search Strategies based on
Key Variables

• PTI>3 Processing>Mediation>Ideation> Controls>Affect>Self-

Perception> Interpersonal Perception
• DEPI>5 & CDI>3 Interper Percept>Self-Percept >Controls>
Affect> Processing>Mediation>Ideation
• DEPI>5 Affect> Controls>Self-Percept>Interper Percept> Processing>
Mediation>Ideation
• D<AdjD Controls> Situation Stress
• CDI>3 Controls>Interper Percept>Self-Percept >Affect> Processing >
Mediation>Ideation
 CLUSTER INTERPRETATION

• Controls and Stress Tolerance

• Situation-Related Stress
• Affective Features
• Self-Perception
• Information Processing
• Mediation
• Ideation
• Interpersonal Perception
 Location Interpretation
• High W: If good quality responses present, it
reflects greater intellectual, synthesizing and
abstracting ability
• Low W: If quality & complexity are low it
indicates serious level of maladjustment
• High D: Overemphasizes concrete & obvious
aspects of situations. If quality low, a severe
maladjustment
• Low D: Person under stress show a decrease
in D and increase in Dd
 Location Interpretation
• High Dd: It suggests an attempt to
narrow his perceptions of his envrmnt.
Compulsive use of Dd is an attempt to
reduce anxiety & exert more control
over perceptions
• High S: Associated with negativism,
difficulty in handling anger &
oppositional tendencies
 DQ Interpretation
• High DQ+ is consistent with more
intelligent, complex, sophisticated
person
• High DQv indicates immaturity,
neuropsychologically imapired etc.
Determinants Interpretation
• High F: Highly defensive or avoidant &
deliberate control of affect
• Low F: Difficulty in controlling impulse
• High M: Capacity to delay impulses, fantasy,
introverted thinking orientation. A positive
prognostic factor if quality is good.
• Low M: Difficulty in using inner resources
(Depressive), Impulsivity, inflexibility
Determinants Interpretation
• High FM: Need dependent, Cannot plan
long term goal, Substance user
• Low FM: Overly inhibited in expressing
emotion & deny basic needs
• High m: Situational stress, presence of
conflict
Determinants Interpretation
• High C & Cn: Impulsivity, poor P-S,
Organic imapirment
• Low C & CF: Overcontrols emotional
expression (depressed or
psychosomatics)
• High FC: Low level of anxiety, good
prognosis, balanced emotion
• Low FC: Poor emotional control
Determinants Interpretation
• High C’: Painful affect, internalized emotion,
affective defensiveness.
• High T: Intense need for affection &
dependency, oversensitivity
• Low T: Emotional impoverishment
• High V: Self-critical introspection, suicidal risk
• Low V: Absence is a positive sign
• High Y: Anxiety, stress, situational crisis
Determinants Interpretation
High FD: Introspective, self-aware,
internalize behaviour
High (2) & Reflection:Self-absorbed,
inflated self-worth, narcissism
High Zf (>13) High level of intellectual
striving
Low Zf (<9) Expands less effort than
needed
Determinants Interpretation
• High variety of contents is associated with
intellectual flexibility
• High H: Human relatedness, good prognostic
factor
• Low H: Low level of empathy & withdrawal,
Difficulty with identity
• High An+Xy: Body concern, bodily delusion,
self that is painful
• High Fd: Dependency
Determinants Interpretation
• High P: Fear of making mistakes,
conventional, overconforming
• Low P: Rejection of conventionality
 SS Interpretation
• PSV: Difficulty in cognitive shifting
• AB: Intellectualizing defense
• AG & COP: If both high indicates conflict
over preferred mode of responding
• MOR: Depression, suicide risk
• PER: Interpersonal difficulties, defensive
authoritarian stance
• CP: Denial of unpleasant emotion
Thank You