PAIN

Ms. Nilakshi Barik Mandal

Lecturer
Oxford college of nursing sciences
PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS

• AGE

• FATIGUE
……PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS

• GENES

• NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTION
 SOCIAL FACTOR

• ATTENTION

• PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE

• FAMILY & SOCIAL SUPPORT

SPIRITUAL FACTOR
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTOR

• ANXIETY

• COPING STYLE
 CULTURAL FACTORS

• MEANING OF PAIN

• ETHNICITY
 CHARACTERISTIC
• ONSET & DURATION
• LOCATION
• INTENSITY
• QUALITY
• PAIN PATTERN
LOCATION
• Pain may also be referred (appear
to arise in different areas) to other
parts of the body.
For example, cardiac pain may be felt
in the shoulder or left arm, with or
without chest pain .
Visceral pain (pain arising from
organs or hollow viscera) is often
perceived in an area remote from the
organ causing the pain.
DURATION
• Acute pain, whether it has a sudden or slow
onset, regardless of its intensity.
• Chronic pain, also known as persistent pain, is
prolonged, usually recurring or lasting 3
months or longer, and interferes with
functioning.
• Cancer pain may result from the direct effects
of the disease and its treatment, or it may be
unrelated.
INTENSITY

• Most practitioners classify intensity of pain by using a standard scale:

• 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain) scale. Linking the rating to
health and functioning scores,
• Pain in the 1 to 3 range is deemed mild pain.
• Rating of 4 to 6 is moderate pain.
• Pain reaching 7 to 10 is deemed severe pain and is associated with the
worst outcomes.