Advanced Oxidation Processes(AOPs)- An Emerging

Treatment Technologies for Industrial Wastewater

Dr.Sajjala Sreedhar Reddy

University of Nizwa, Oman
 Advanced Oxidation Processes(AOPs)-An Emerging Treatment
Technology for Industrial Wastewater

Abstract: Industries like textile, Oil and gas, agro, and fast fashion contribute to the
problem of water pollution by consumption of extreme amounts of water, but the modern
society also introduces special pollutants known as emerging contaminants (EC) to the
environment from its daily functions. Growing concern and increasing public awareness is
earned by micro plastics and pharmaceutical residues and emerging contaminants (EC) that
accumulate in aquatic environments and pose threats of little-known consequences.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) make an emerging group of technologies for battling
many of the problems with water pollution. These processes rely on harnessing the
oxidative power of hydroxyl radicals for degradation of organic pollutants.
 
This talk presents overall description of the main types of AOPs, based on chemical,
photochemical, and electrochemical reactions, principles, performances, advantages,
drawbacks, and applications to remediation of industrial wastewater laden with recalcitrant
pollutants.
 INTRODUCTION
• Conventional secondary (e.g., activated sludge process) and tertiary (such
as filtration and disinfection) treatments in urban wastewater treatment
plants (WWTPs) are not effective in the removal of most Contaminants
of Emerging Concern(CECs )entering WWTPs.
 contaminants of High Concern

Source:T. Rasheed et al. Environment International 122 (2019) 52–66

Efficiency of Conventional WTPs’ in Removing organic/emerging
Pollutants
• Advanced Oxidation Technologies or Processes (AOTs, AOPs) are
efficient novel methods for water treatment, which have afforded very
good results in industrialized countries and are beginning to be employed
in developing regions
 AOPs are based on the in situ
generation of a powerful oxidizing
agent, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH),
obtained at a sufficient concentration
to effectively decontaminate waters.
OH• Characteristics (redoxpotential)
 Compounds that can be oxididez by OH radicals
Acids Formic, gluconic, lactic, malic, propionic, tartaric
Benzyl, tert-butyl, ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol,
Alcohols
isopropanol, methanol, propenediol
Acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, formaldehyde, glyoxal,
Aldehydes
isobutyraldehyde, trichloroacetaldehyde

Benzene, chlorobenzene, chlorophenol, creosote,

Aromatics dichlorophenol, hydroquinone, p-nitrophenol, phenol,
toluene, trichlorophenol, xylene, trinitrotoluene

Aniline, cyclic amines, diethylamine, dimethylformamide,

Amines
EDTA, propanediamine, n-propylamine
Dyes Anthraquinone, diazo, monoazo
Ethers tetrahydrofuran
Ketones Dihydroxyacetone, methyl ethyl ketone
Research on AOPs
 Hydroxyl Radical Via Ozone
• Ozone at high pH

3 O 3  OH -
 H 
  2 OH •  4 O 2
• Ozone /UV
h

O 3  H 2 O  2 OH  O2
• Ozone /Hydrogen Peroxyde

H 2O 2  2 O 3  2 OH  3O 2

• Catalytic Ozonation
C, TiO2, oxides and salts of Fe, Mn, Ce, Cu, Co..
Hydroxyl radical via
Ozone
Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide (Peroxone)


H 2 O 2  2 O 3  2 OH  3O2
Schematic diagram of a pilot scale Fenton oxidation process 
Photo-chemical Oxidation Processes
PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESSES WAVELENGTH

UV (photolysis) < 190 nm

H2O2/UV < 300 nm

O3/UV < 320 nm

O3/H2O2/UV < 320 nm

TiO2/UV (photocatalysis) < 400 nm

Fe+2/H2O2/UV (photoFenton) < 550 nm

Fe+2/e-/UV (photoelectroFenton) < 550 nm

 PhotoFenton (Fe+3/UV/H2O2

H2O2 Fe2(SO4)3

Fe(III) in the présense of UV :

UV lamps
Fe3+(aq) + H2O + hn OH· + Fe2+ +H+ (360 nm)
 TiO2/UV

h
Ti O2  e  h
Ti O2 • 
Combination of AOPs with Biological treatment
Combination of AOPs with Biological treatment
Combination of AOPs with Biological treatment
Conventional Treatment
at petroleum refineries
(UV/H2O2) photolysis applied
to MBR permeate as a pre-
treatment for nano-filtration
systems treating petroleum
refinery wastewater
AOPs for Produced Water Treatment
 AOPs for Textile Industry Effluents

LucynaBilińska et al., Chemical

Engineering Journal,Vol.306(2016)
 AOPs for Textile Industry Effluents

LucynaBilińska et al., Chemical

Engineering Journal,Vol.306(2016)
AOPs for Textile Industry Effluents
 Cost of AOPs for treatment of Textile Industry Effluents

LucynaBilińska et al., Chemical

Engineering Journal,Vol.306(2016)