Anand international college

of engineering

AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING

Submitted by :-GANESH LAL KUMAWAT

11ME030
SUBMITTED TO:- Prof. ANUP DUBEY Sir
 • What is an AIRCRAFT ?

 An AIRCRAFT is a machine that is able to fly by

gaining support from the AIR.
 It counters the force of GRAVITY by using either
STATIC LIFT or by using the DYNAMIC LIFT of an
airfoil.
 In a few cases the downward thrust from JET
ENGINES.
 Difference b/w AIRCRAFT & AIRPLANE
 An airplane is a type of an aircraft.
 There are a variety of aircraft such as hot air
balloons, airplanes, cruise missiles, micro lights etc.

Note:- All of these type of vehicles fly through the

air, making them AIRCRAFTS.

AVIATION:- The human activity that surrounds

aircraft is called aviation.
 To Dream of Flying
Man has always dreamed of flying.
As we hear, In our novels some characters used to
fly the MAGIC KALIN, PUSHP-VAHAN and with the
help of MAGIC STICK.
 Early Efforts of Flight
• Around 400 B.C. in china the discovery of the
KITE that could fly in the AIR.
• Humans started to try to fly like BIRDS.
 Early Efforts of Flight
• Hero a greek engineer created the source of
power AEOLIPILE working with air pressure and
steam.
 Early Efforts of Flight
• In 1485, Leonardo Da Vinci created the
ORNITHOPTER (the modern day helicopters is based
on this concept).
 Early Efforts of Flight
• In 1783, Joseph and Jalques created the first
HOT AIR BALLOON.
 Early Efforts of Flight
• In 1799-1850 George Cayley designed the
GLIDER.
 Principle of flight

Aircraft flight is explained by:

1) Newton’s third law

2) Conservation of momentum
3) Co anda effect
4) Bernoulli’s theorem
 Types of Aircraft

Single-engine Twin-engine Sport plane

Cargo plane Turboprop Business jet

This sport plane also is a biplane because it has
two wings, one high and one low.
 This biplane has its third wheel in back
(under the tail) so it’s called a taildragger.
 Retractables fly faster than “fixed gear” airplanes,
tucking the wheels inside between take-off and landing
Floatplanes land on water using pontoons or floats.
Some also have wheels so they can land on runways.
Seaplanes put their fuselage in the water, and with retractable
wheels, amphibians also can use runways.
 This is a twin-engine airplane or “twin”

because it has two engines and propellers.

A turboprop’s propeller is powered by a turbine or “jet”
engine. Smaller airplanes, like cars, use a piston engine.
 Turboprops are fast business planes,

but can still use small or rough runways

Some business jets fly faster, and many fly higher,
than airliners.