Lesson: _____ Section 6.

2
Constructing Antiderivatives Analytically

𝒄
If F’(x) = 0 on an interval, then F(x) =  ____

Two antiderivatives of the same function differ only by a constant.

If F and G are both antiderivatives of f on an interval,
then F(x) must equal G(x) + C.
I feel like we need a notation for this
process of finding the antiderivative.

∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥=𝐹 ( 𝑥) +𝐶
This notation for the “general antiderivative” is called the
“indefinite integral” (no limits of integration)
 The C makes this the
 If k is a constant, then
“general” antiderivative
instead of just “an”
  𝒌𝒙 +𝑪 antiderivative

 
𝑛
  𝒙 𝒏 +𝟏

∫𝑥 𝑑𝑥=¿ ¿
 
+𝑪,  𝒏 ≠− 𝟏 What about the case where n = -1?
𝒏+ 𝟏 What is the antiderivative of
?
 
1  𝒍𝒏 𝒙+𝑪 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝒙 >𝟎
∫ 𝑑𝑥 =¿ ¿
𝑥  
 
1  𝒍𝒏 (− 𝒙)+𝑪 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝒙 <𝟎 Confirm this by differentiating!

∫ 𝑑𝑥 =¿ ¿ 
𝑥
  We know that
 
1
∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥=𝒍𝒏| 𝒙|+𝑪 And
We can use this to collapse
these two rules into one!
 
𝑥 𝒆 𝒙 +𝑪
∫ 𝑒 𝑑𝑥=¿ ¿
   

∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙+𝑪
=¿ ¿ ∫
 
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥=¿
−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙+𝑪¿ and  

  Ex1 We should make a

habit of checking
  Properties of Antiderivatives our antiderivatives
  by differentiating

 
∫ 𝒇 ( 𝒙) 𝒅𝒙±∫ 𝒈( 𝒙)𝒅𝒙
𝒄 ∫ 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) 𝒅𝒙
This is fun!(when it works).
We can’t always do it. Similar
to evaluating square roots.
  Ex2 Sometimes we can find them
easily, sometimes we need a
calculator!
  Using Antiderivatives to Compute Definite Integrals
with the Fundamental Theorem

  An antiderivative could be
 ¿ ( 2 ) 3 + ( 1 ) 3  
¿7
It’s helpful to have a new notation
for this process of plugging the
limits into the antiderivative.
  What if we used
 2
2
1
2 33
|
∫ 3 𝑥 𝑑𝑥= 𝑥 1 =( 2 ) − ( 1 ) 3
| 𝟐 =¿
(  𝑥3 +𝐶  () 2
𝟏
3
+𝐶
 
) − ( 1
3
+

=7
Practice Problems
 Concepts Quiz !
3
  2  
1. ∫ (2𝑥 +𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑑𝑥 2. ∫ ( 𝑥2 +7) 𝑑𝑥
1

3. What does this function represent? 4. Write an equation to represent the

antiderivative of g(x) with an
initial value of (2,7)