SIMULACIÓN DEL PROCESO DE REFINADO DE

CRUDO PESADO EN LA REFINERIA DE

CARTAGENA MEDIANTE EL USO DEL
SOFTWARE ASPEN HYSYS

• RUMBO SOLANO, EVERARDO.

• MARTINEZ VESGA, ALBERTO A.
• JAIMES AYALA EDGAR M.
 TABLE OF CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
1
2 • OBJECTIVES
• PLAN OF WORK
3
4 • THEORICAL FRAMEWORK
• STATE OF THE ART
5
6 • IMPACTS
• SIMULATION
7
8 • ANALYSIS OF THE OBTAINED RESULTS
9 • CONCLUSIONS
10 • GLOSSARY
11 • BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
12 • ANNEXES
 INTRODUCTION

In this paper a collection of general data of oil and its uses is shown, emphasizing
the processes within a refinery. A refinery is designed for an established raw
material, work capacity and a number of desired products. In the Cartagena
refinery, from the enlargement process and completed in 2013 equipment,
production capacity and the quantity and quality of products obtained was
increased, however this refinery was established as raw feedstock light which
raises a concern regarding the availability of this type of raw long term, given the
analysis of energy forecasts made recently, which is why an analysis of the
performance of the refinery with raw material input heavy crude will be made by the
tool HYSYS simulation.
 OBJECTIVES
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To simulate the process of refining of the Refinery of Cartagena using crude oil
weighed as raw material.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
 To perform the flow chart corresponding to the refining plant processes crude
Reficar.
 To establish the royal parameters of simulation obtained by the blibliography, in
case of not being available to realize an approximation.
 To simulate in the software HYSYS the process to depart from the PFD realized
previously.
 To analyze the information obtained of the simulation with the royal information.
 To conclude on the viability of the incorporation of crude oil weighed to the Refinery
of Cartagena, on the basis of the obtained results.
PLAN OF WORK
 THEORICAL FRAMEWORK
COMPOSITION OF THE OIL:
The composition of the oil there enter fundamentally gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons,
being the latter disueltos or suspended in the liquids.

OLEOPHOBIC IMPURITIES RANGE OF CONTENT OLEOPHILIC RANGE OF CONTENT

IMPURITIES

Sales 10 - 2000 gr/m3 Sulphur compounds 0,1 - 5 % by weight as S

Water 0,1 - 5 Vol. % Organ-metallic 5 – 400 ppm as metal
Sediments 1 - 1000 gr/m3 Acids naphthenic 0,03 – 0,5 % in vol.
Nitrogen compounds 0,05 – 1,5% in vol
 THEORICAL FRAMEWORK
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Physical properties of the hydrocarbons relation density - boiling-point

 THEORICAL FRAMEWORK
COLOMBIA REFINERIES
BARRANCABERMEJA REFINERY:

It has a capacity of 252,000 BPD.

It produces 75% gasoline, fuel oil, diesel and
other fuels that the country needs.

REFICAR:

165,000 BPD capacity.

It is the second largest refinery capacity in
Colombia.

http://www.nodo50.org/usocolombia/Petroleo
%20Colombiano.htm
 THEORICAL FRAMEWORK
REFINING OIL
OPERATIONS AND PROCESSES

MATERIAL APLICATION TYPE OF OPERATION DENOMINATION

/ PROCESS
On the oil Treatment impurities Natural decantation
oleophobics wash and forced
decantation
Generally on products Treatment impurities Chemical treatments
naphthenic
Relative to the system Operations / Processes Distillation to P=atms
multicompose Distillation to P=
hydrocarbons reduced
Molecular break
Reformation
Reconstruction
 INTRODUCCIÓN:
PETRÓLEO

“Aceite de roca”, el petróleo es

un líquido natural oleaginoso que
está formado por una mezcla de
hidrocarburos. Se obtiene de
lechos geológicos, ya sean
continentales o marítimos, se
genera en lo que sería el interior
de la Tierra.

Puede ser de color negro o

amarillo y que tiene una
viscosidad que puede llegar a
alcanzar los 95 g/ml.

FUENTE: http://definicion.de/petroleo/
HISTORIA DEL PETRÓLEO EN COLOMBIA

1536 Conocimiento existencia del petróleo

1903 Reglamentaciones gobierno Rafael Reyes

Decreto No. 34 poder ejecutivo para otorgar concesiones

1905
petroleras.

1931 Ley 37 o “Ley del petróleo”, gobierno de Enrique Olaya

Herrera

1983 Descubrimiento del yacimiento Caño Limón

FUENTE: http://www.anh.gov.co/portalregionalizacion/Paginas/Historia-del-petroleo-en-Colombia.aspx
HISTORIA DEL PETRÓLEO EN COLOMBIA

2003 Creación de la Agencia Nacional de

Hidrocarburos ANH

2010
Constitución del nuevo Sistema
General de Regalías

2012 1,000,000 Barriles promedio día

FUENTE: http://www.anh.gov.co/portalregionalizacion/Paginas/Historia-del-petroleo-en-Colombia.aspx
CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS Y QUÍMICAS

• Amarillo pálido, tonos de rojo y marrón

COLOR
• Los crudos pesados y extra-pesados son negros casi en su totalidad

• El crudo tiene olor aromático

OLOR

• Temperatura igual o por encima de 300°C

PUNTO
EBULLICIÓN

• 8,500 a 11,350 calorías/gramo

PODER • 15,350 a 22,000 BTU
CALORÍFICO

FUENTE: http://petroinemasu.blogspot.com.co/2010/07/caracteristicas-fisicas-y-quimicas-del.html
CLASIFICACIÓN DEL PETRÓLEO

CRUDO DENSIDAD () GRAVEDAD API

EXTRAPESADO >1,0 10

PESADO 1,0-0,92 10-22,3

MEDIANO 0,92-0,87 22,3-31,1

LIGERO 0,87-0,83 31,1-39

SUPERLIGERO <0,83 >39