END BLOCK

End block is the portion of the psc beam around the anchorages of the tendons.
The stress distribution close to the anchorage is different from the stress distribution
at sections away from the anchorage.

Let the prestressing force “P” be

applied on a bearing area (bd’)

Stress at end section = P/bd’

There exist a section 1-1 beyond

which the stress = P/bd

The part of‘ the beam from the end

face to the section 1- 1 is
called the End Block
The length of the end block is
usually taken equal to “d”.
Transverse compressive
stresses are developed for
a certain length and
beyond this zone,
transverse tensile stresses
are developed.

Transverse stress distribution in the length of the end block

Methods to study the stress distribution in the end block : 1. Magnel's Method, 2. Guyon's Method
3. I.S. Code Method

(I) Magnel's Method : In this method the stresses due to anchorage bearing are taken to be
dispersed over a length of the beam equal to the depth of beam.
Where, fx = horizontal stress, fz = vertical stress
And q = shear stress

(i) Horizontal Stress “fx” :

It is assumed that the compressive force “P” from the
anchorage will dispersed at 45°.

Stressed zone is NMAEFD area.

For the section XX, the stress at any point distance y

from the centriodal line is given by -
(ii) Shear Stress “q” :

According to Magnel, the shear stress distribution on any horizontal plane say H-H is given by -
where Kq = a shear stress factor which can be determined from curve -
S = The part of the prestressing force at the section 1- 1 acting above
the level H-H

Curve Kq
(iii) Vertical Stress “fz” : According to Magnel, the vertical stress distribution on any
horizontal plane H-H is given by -

Where, Kz = Vertical stress factor whose value may be determined from Curve shown above.
M = Moment due to S = Sx . yo
yo = the distance of line of action of S from H-H.

Determination of principal stresses :

After determining the stresses fx, fz and q we can determine the principal stresses easily.

Principal Stresses
(II) Guyon‘s Method : It is assumed that the dispersion of the prestressing force takes
place in a certain portion called as “Zone of transmission”.

In a direction transverse to the axis of prestressing force, the

tensile forces are developed, called as “Bursting Forces”
Also, at the end section, the surface adjacent to the anchor
plate is subjected to a tensile force, called as “ Spalling Force”.

Bursting force is approximately given by -

where, d’ = the depth of the anchor plate and

d = the depth of the beam

The bursting stress distributions for d’/d = 0.8 & 0.5

(III) I.S. Code Method : As per IS :1343 Code of practice for prestressed concrete
Permissible bearing Stress on concrete at location of anchorages –
Shall NOT exceed After accounting for all losses due to
relaxation of steel, elastic shortening,
OR creep of concrete, slip and/or seating of
whichever is smaller. anchorages etc..
where,

B = width of beam
D = depth of beam
EFGH = area in which the cables are placed symmetrically over
the anchor plate
b = width of anchor plate
d = depth of anchor plate
IJKL = area of the anchor plate = Punching area
MNOP = Bearing area (Width of the bearing area = width of the beam)

End section of the beam

 Bursting tensile force :
Bursting force on the horizontal plane is resisted by the area = 0.9 b D

Bursting force on the vertical plane is resisted by the area = 0.9 d D

Average tensile stress in concrete = (Bursting force) / (Resisting area)

Maxi. Bursting stress = 1.8 times average tensile stress Length of the end block may
be taken as depth of beam = D
Permissible bursting stress = 2 N / sq.mm. may be taken.

Bursting force for which tensile reinforcement is required

Where f = Permissible bursting stress
f max. = Maximum induced bursting stress

Steel for Bursting force

This steel may be distributed between 0.1 D and D from the end of the beam.
The steel is provided in the form of stirrups.
Safe stress in tension in the stirrups = 0.87 times fy
 EXAMPLE :

Approximate safe bearing stress Prestressing force

Note. The area of the anchor plate should be greater than the area 150 mm x 350 mm
Punching area = area of anchor plate = 200 x 400 = 80000 mm2

Offset parallel to width beyond the punching area

Permissible bending stress for the anchor plate =165 N / mm2

Initial prestressing force =Po = 1.20 P = 1.2 x 1360= 1682 kN

Bursting force on the horizontal plane

This bursting force is resisted by the area 0.9 D B

Let permissible bursting stress = 2 N / mm2

Area of the two legs of one stirrup of 8 mm diameter

 These stirrups are provided from (0.1D) to (D) from the end of the beam.

i.e. from 0.1 x 650 = 65 mm to 650 mm from the end of the beam.
The size of each loop = (250 – 100) by (650 – 100)
i.e. 150 mm x 550 mm
7 Nos. of 8 mm Tor Stirrups

650

650

Reinforcement for Bursting Tension

END