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1- TEMPERATURE.
2- ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
3- VOLATILITY.
4- ATOMIZATION
1-TEMPERATURE.
1-Carburetor body
2-Air horn
3-Throttle valve
4-Ventur
5-Main discharge tube
6-Fuel bowl
1-Carburetor body
2-Air horn
• The air horn is also called the throat or barrel.
The parts which often fasten to the air horn body
are as follows: the choke, the hot idle
compensator, the fast idle linkage rod, the choke
vacuum break, and sometimes the float and
pump mechanisms.
3-Throttle valve
It is a passage that
connects the fuel bowl to
the center of the venturi.
6-Fuel bowl
1. Float system
2. Idle system
3. Off idle system
4. Acceleration system
5. High-speed system
6. Full-power system
7. Chock system
8. computer controlled carburators
Float system
• The float system maintains a steady working
supply of gasoline at a constant level in the
carburetor. This action is critical to the proper
operation of the carburetor. Since the
carburetor uses differences in pressure to force
fuel into the air horn,
• The float system keeps the fuel pump from
forcing too much gasoline into the carburetor
bowl
An excessively high float level will cause fuel
to flow too freely from the discharge tube,
causing an overly rich mixture
• Purpose of Carburetor
• Types of Carburetors
– Compression
– Carburetion
Purpose of the Carburetor
• One main purpose...
low pressure
airfoil
high pressure
Carburetor Theory (con’t)
• All carburetors work basically the same:
– As piston moves from TDC to BDC on the intake
stroke, the intake valve opens, air is “sucked”
through the air cleaner into the airhorn and . . .
– Venturi creates an area of low pressure that draws
fuel from the fuel supply through the main
discharge nozzle.
• Venturi also causes the air flow to rapidly accelerate--
thus vaporizing and mixing air and fuel together very
efficiently.
Carburetor Theory (con’t)
• Because the main discharge nozzle is extended into the
airstream, an airfoil is also created, further lowering the
pressure “above” the nozzle.
The oil fuels which are used in C.I. engines do not vaporises
easily. Therefore a separate injection system is used.
Fuel Supply to S. I. Engines(Carburetion)
3. Heat losses to the walls are reduced because the burned gas
temperatures are lower.
In the absence of strict NOx emission control, excess air is the
obvious diluent at part load and the engine runs lean.
Requirements with emission control
For control of NO, HC and CO, operating the engine with
stoichiometric mixture is advantageous so that a three-way
catalyst can be used for emission control. In such a case, for
further decrease in NO the diluent used is EGR.
Amount used will depend on the EGR tolerance of the engine
at a given speed and load based on the details of the engine
combustion process.
Increasing excess air or EGR will slow down the combustion
process and increase combustion variability so as load
decreases, less dilution must be provided and at idle, no EGR
may be used and mixture will have to be made rich.
What is carburetion?
The process of formation of a combustible fuel-air mixture by
mixing the proper amount of fuel with air before it is admitted
into the engine cylinder.
• This is the oldest and universally used in all types of automobile engines
some 25 years before.
Solex carburettor