Expert system

Presentation outline
• What is Expert System?
• Components of an Expert System.
• Purpose of using expert system.
• Characteristics of Expert system.
• Expert system Functionality.
• Applications of expert system.
• Development of Expert Systems.
• Problems with Expert System.
• Limitations with Expert System
 What is the Expert system
An expert system is a program that seek to reproduce the
performance of one or more experienced person in a given field
of activity.
Is an application or branch of artificial intelligence.
 Main purpose of using expert system

• Diagnosing a patient's illness

• Searching for oil and mineral reserves
• Chess game
• Identification of plant and animal species
• Diagnose faults with cars
 Type of Sensors the Expert System use

-pressure sensor
-gravity sensor
-light sensor
-heart rate sensor
-temperature sensor

and many more sensors

Characteristics of Expert system

High performance Understandable

Reliable Highly responsive

 Expert system Functionality
• Assist human expert when integrating various decisions

• Replace human expert decision making when not available.

?How it’s work
Basic concept of expert system:

User supplies facts or other information to the expert system and

receives expert advice or expertise in response.
Components of an Expert System

The expert system consists mainly of three sections:

Knowledge base

Interface engine

User interface
 User Interface
• The system allows a non expert to ask questions ( Query ) to
the Expert System and receive an advice.
• The User-Interface is designed to be simple to use as possible.
 Inference engine
• A search machine analyze the information from knowledge
base that matches the non-expert user's query.
 Knowledge base
• A collection of facts and rules.
• The knowledge base is created from information by human
experts.
Applications of Expert System
Applications of Expert System
 :Development of Expert Systems
• Identify Problem Domain:
– The problem must be suitable for an expert system to solve it.
– Find the experts in task domain for the ES project.
– Establish cost-effectiveness of the system.

• Design the System:

– Identify the ES Technology
– Know and establish the degree of integration with the other systems
and databases.
– Realize how the concepts can represent the domain knowledge best.
 :Development of Expert Systems
• Develop the Prototype:
From Knowledge Base: The knowledge engineer works to
– Acquire domain knowledge from the expert.
– Represent it in the form of If-THEN-ELSE rules.

• Test and Refine the Prototype:

– The knowledge engineer uses sample cases to test the prototype for
any deficiencies in performance.
– End users test the prototypes of the ES.
 :Development of Expert Systems
• Develop and Complete the ES:
– Test and ensure the interaction of the ES with all elements of its
environment, including end users, databases, and other information
systems.
– Document the ES project well.
– Train the user to use ES.

• Maintain the System:

– Keep the knowledge base up-to-date by regular review and update.
– Cater for new interfaces with other information systems, as those
systems evolve.
• Example:
A patient ( non- expert user ) is sick and don't know what kind
disease
So the Patient ask the Doctor ( Expert User ) if he can help him.
The Doctor take a query about the symptoms that the patient
has and type in the Computer ( User Interface ). The Knowledge
base use the given symptoms to analyze it to have a result
( Inference Engine ) to tell the patient disease
 ?Why use Epxert System
We're using Expert System, because it's easier and faster to find the result of
the query and information from the expert knowledge in a short time.

When the Expert System doesn't exist, the Expert User would have a hard
time to analyze/solve the query that the non-expert required.
 Problems with Expert System
• Limited domain
• Systems are not always up to date.
• No common sense.
• Experts needed to setup and maintain system.
 Limitation of Expert System
• Limited to relatively narrow problems.
• Conant readily deal with mixed knowledge.
• Possibility of error.
• Cannot refine own knowledge base.
• Difficult to maintain.
• May have high development costs.
• Raise legal and ethical concerns.
Examples

Medical Area: Medical diagnosis in doctors hospitals to help

medical professional diagnose patients correctly
It's easier to match symptoms to probable causes using the
Expert System.
Also the doctor can see in the diagnosis what action he should
take.( e.g correct medication )
• Strategy Games : Chess
 play against the computer

The Computer analyze the movements and strategies that the

player use to use it later in the future.