Research Methodology and

Statistics

Didik Setiawan, PhD., Apt

- Faculty of Pharmacy,
- Center for Health Economic Studies,
Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Purwokerto, Indonesia
Course Information

• 2 credits
• Lecturer : Didik Setiawan, PhD., Apt
: Dr Diniatik, M.Si., Apt
• Evaluation
UTS 25%
UAS 25%
unjuk kerja 25%
Tugas 25%
Presentation Outline

• Field of pharmacy
• Scientific research in the field of Pharmacy
• Pharmaceutical research stages
• Research problems
• Research hypothesis
• Research design
• Research methodology
• Statistical analysis
• Research report
Pharmacy
Background

• The goals of health and pharmaceutical care are centered on

improving populations’ health and quality of care (Hepler and
Strand 1990; Shi and Singh 2004; Institute of Medicine 2008)
What can pharmacists do?

Drug discovery

drug development

Compounding and dispensing

Pharmaceutical care practice research

Pharmacoepidemilogy
Drug discovery

https://upload.wikim
edia.org/wikipedia/c
ommons/b/b9/Time_
span.jpg
Pharmaceutical
care

http://media.ph
armacist.com/e
mailimages/PCC_
Diagram.jpg
Scientific Research

• systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation guided

by theory and hypothesis about presumed relationships among
such phenomena (Kerlinger 1986)
• Purpose
• To create knowledge or a body of information that can explain observed
phenomena
Scientific research

The information generated from scientific inquiry is used to

develop theory or laws

theories and laws are tested scientifically to confirm their

applicability to observed phenomena across research areas, and
may then be revised to reflect a new body of knowledge
Scientific research principle
Scientific research principle

Pose a significant scientific question that needs empirical investigation

Link research inquiry to relevant theory

Utilize relevant methodologies that involve direct investigation

Provide coherent and explicit reasoning

Replicate and generalize across studies

Provide a mechanism for scientific scrutiny

Stages of pharmaceutical practice and policy
research

Research
Research Research Research Statistical Research
methodolog
problem hypothesis design analysis report
y
Didik Setiawan, PhD., Apt

Email: d.didiksetiawan@gmail.com
WA: +31 631 254575
Phone: 081 226 700 119
www.ches.ump.ac.id