TPB Bahasa Inggris

Week 3
Andika Vinianto Adiputra
Summarizing
 Buckley (2004), defines summarizing as reducing text to one-
third or one-quarter its original size, clearly articulating the
author’s meaning, and retaining main ideas

 Diane Hacker (2008), explains that summarizing involves stating a

work’s thesis and main ideas “simply, briefly, and accurately”

 Why summarize?
The process of summarizing enables you to grasp the original
text better, and the result shows the reader that you understand
it as well. In addition to this, the knowledge you gained by
summarizing makes it possible for you to analyze and critique
the original text
Summarizing an Article
 A summary begins with an introductory sentence that states the
text’s title, author and main thesis or subject
 State the author's most important idea. This is commonly referred to
as the main idea and can be found in the author's thesis statement.
Try to paraphrase the information to avoid plagiarism and increase
understanding
 A summary is written in your own words. It contains few or no quotes
 Do not put any of your own opinions into a summary. Do not put any
words that reflect your own judgment of the article being
summarized. Remember, the job of a summary is to state faithfully
and briefly what another person wrote or said. A summary is all
about the author, not the summarizer
 A summary is always shorter than the original text, often about 1/3
as long as the original
 Make sure that your summary has a simple title
 Substitute general words or phrases for long lists of items. For
instance, if you see a list consisting of swimming, marathon running
and beach volleyball, you might just write "summer sports."
Paraphrasing
 Paraphrasing is putting the ideas of an author into your own words.
Paraphrasing helps the quality of your paper by explaining another
person’s thoughts in your own writing style, improving the flow and
readability
 How to paraphrase:
1. The statement must be in your own words
2. If you use any phrases that are in the original quote, place them in
quotation marks
3. Add a citation—even if a paraphrase is in your own words, it is still
someone else’s idea
4. If you’re having difficulty paraphrasing, make a short list of the
quote’s main idea(s) and words that relate to it. Incorporate these
concepts and words in your paraphrase
5. Change the order of the ideas and the words
6. Use synonyms if appropriate, but do not change any specific
terminology
Paraphrasing

 The paraphrase reflects the same ideas as the original

quote, but is in its own words and writing style
 The term “underground purgatory” is placed in quotes, as it is
a unique phrase used in the original quote
 There is a parenthetical citation, citing the source of the idea
Summary Example
Summary Example
Summary Example
Summarizing a Video
 Watch the video and focus on watching. If you didn’t
understand it the first time, watch it again
 Get down to the answers to the questions – what, where, when,
why and how. These will be the bare bones to write a quick
summary. This is the main paragraph of your summary that will
give readers a quick overview of what the video is about. Thus,
be able to get the important details to answer these questions
 Take down notes while watching. Write down the main points
presented in the video. You may also write keywords or clue
words, which will remind you about the essentials presented in
the video
Summarizing a Video
 Organize the material. Start with the video report writing
using a clear identification of the work. Identify background
information, including main point, title and author. Summarize
the video as a whole. Present the material in a neutral
fashion
 Write in a concise manner. The video summary must be
short and to the point. Conclude the summary with the main
point discussed
Headings & Subheadings
Summary Assignment
Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkSXB-lRAp0&t=546s

 Your summary must accurately capture the main points and

concepts discussed in the video
 Your summary must emphasize concepts rather than
descriptions. This means the focus of your summary should
be on explaining how something formed or works as
opposed to just describing some thing
 The summary is written in your own words
 The summary must be sufficiently long, approximately 500
words. Generally this is about two pages. Summaries must
be typewritten and double-spaced
 Use headings and subheadings