2.

Efektifitas Organisasi

Perilaku Organisasi
Fakultas Ekonomi
Universitas Padjadjaran
Bandung 2004
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 Tujuan Pengajaran

 Perspektif mengenai efektifitas

 Tiga konsep efektifitas
 Model dimensi waktu mengenai efektifitas

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PERSPEKTIF MENGENAI EFEKTIFITAS

Tiga komponen efektifitas

INDIVIDUAL GROUPS ORGANIZATIONAL

EFFECTIVENESS EFFECTIVENESS EFFECTIVENESS

Source : Gibson 3
 EFECTIVENESS
Achievement of goals

EFFICIENCY
The ratio of effective output the input required to achieve it.

Source : Gibson 4
 Source : Gibson
CAUSES OF EFFECTIVENESS

INDIVIDUAL GROUPS ORGANIZATIONAL

EFFECTIVENESS EFFECTIVENESS EFFECTIVENESS

CAUSES CAUSES CAUSES

Ability Cohesiveness Environment

Skill Leadership Technology
Knowledge Structure Strategic choices
Attitude Status Structure
Motivation Roles Processes
Stress Norms Culture 5
MANAGEMENT’S CONTRIBUTION TO EFFECTIVENESS

Management Performs To coordinate To attain :

The functions of : the behavior of :
Individuals effectiveness
Planning Individuals
Groups effectiveness
Organizing Groups
Organizational effectiveness
Leading Organizations
Controlling

Feedback

Source : Gibson 6
Management Performs The functions

Planning
The planning function includes defining the ends to be
achieved and determining appropriate means to achieve
the defined end

Organizing
The organizing function includes all managerial
activities that translate required planned activities into
a structure of task and authority

Source : Gibson 7
 Leading
The leading function involves the manager in close day
to day contact with individuals and groups

Controlling

The controlling function includes activities that

manager undertake to ensure that actual outcomes are
consistent with planned outcomes

Source : Gibson 8
THREE WAYS TO THINK ABOUT EFFECTIVENESS
1. Goal approach to effectiveness
Perspective on effectiveness that emphasizes the central role of
goal achievement as a criterion for assessing effectiveness

2. System Theory approach to effectiveness

A grouping of elements that individually establish relationship
with each other and that interact with their environment both as
individuals and as a collective

3. Multiple constituency approach to effectiveness

Perspective that emphasizes the relative importance of different
groups and individuals interests in an organization

Source : Gibson 9
 THE BASIC ELEMENT OF A SYSTEM

INPUTS PROCESS OUTPUTS

ENVIRONMENT

Source : Gibson 10
MANAGERIAL WORK AND THE BEHAVIOR, STRUCTURE,
and PROCESSES OF ORGANIZATIONS

Sources of Effectiveness
MANAGEMENT
INDIVIDUALS GROUPS ORGANIZATION
FUNCTION
Planning Objectives Goals Missions
Organizing Job design Department bases Integrative methods
Delegated authority Department size and process
Leading Person-centered Group-centered Entity-centered
influence influence influence
Controlling Individual standards Group standards of Organization standards
of performance performance of performance

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