Composite Sections

yung steel and concrete…. nagwowork sila together. Eh kayo?

Composite Section
• The
  section cannot be treated as one material
• “What dimensions are required in order for the wooden
beam to be equivalent to the steel bar?”
• To be equivalent, the wooden beam must have the same
radius of curvature
 𝜌 𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑 = 𝜌 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙  𝐸 𝑠
( 𝑏 𝑠 )= 𝑏𝑤
  𝐸𝑤
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
  𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡h 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑
  𝑏 𝑤 h3  𝐸 𝑤
𝐸𝑠 12 ( 𝑏 𝑤 )= 𝑏𝑠
= 𝐸𝑠
𝐸𝑤 𝑏 𝑠 h3
12 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔
  𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡h 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙
𝑛=𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟
  𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜
Example 1
A composite beam cross section consists of two rectangular bars securely bonded together. From the indicated allowable
stresses determine
a) the vertical distance from K to the centroidal axis (13,440)
    + (3872)
  (86)
 
b) the maximum allowable bending moment M.   ´𝑦 =¿   ¿ 𝟒𝟒 . 𝟎𝟕𝟖 𝒎𝒎
c) the bending stress produced at H
( 13,440 ) +¿(3872)
 
3
d) the bending stress produced at K.   𝐼=¿  ( 210 ) ( 64 ) 2
  ( 210 ) ( 64 )( 32 −44.078 )
+
12
+¿
 
 (160 )( 44 )
3

𝜎 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤=120 𝑀𝑃𝑎
  (0.55)
 
12
 
+3872 ( 86 −44.078 )¿2  13.98 ∗106 𝑚 𝑚 4

𝐼 (13.98 ∗106 )(200)

𝜎 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 =200 𝑀𝑃𝑎
     
𝑀 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 = 𝜎 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 ,𝑏𝑜𝑡¿
𝑦 44.078
¿  63.43 𝑘𝑁𝑚
  𝐼   1
(13.98 ∗10 6
)(120)
𝑀 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 = 𝜎 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 ,𝑡𝑜𝑝 ¿   ¿  47.71 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑦 0.55
44+64 − 44.078
 110  𝑴 𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘 =𝟒𝟕 . 𝟕𝟏 𝒌𝑵 𝒎
𝑛=¿
 
200
=0.55
2 𝝈  𝑯 =𝟏𝟐𝟎 𝑴𝑷𝒂
 𝐴𝑏𝑜𝑡 =( 210 ) ( 64 )=13,440 𝑚 𝑚
(47.71
  ∗10 6)( 44.078)
𝑛  𝐴 𝑡𝑜𝑝 =¿0.55
  ( 160 ) ( 44 )=3872 𝑚𝑚2 𝜎  𝐾 =¿
13.98∗ 106
𝝈  𝑲 =𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝑴𝑷𝒂
 Example 2
•bottom.
A 100
  mmThex 20 mm timber beam is reinforced with two 50 mm x 6mm steel plates attatched on the top and
beam is loaded with 9 kN/m over a 4 meter span.
a. Maximum stress for timber
b. Maximum stress for steel
c. Minimum length of steel plates if the allowable stress for wood is 10 MPa
2
  𝑤 𝐿2   ( 9 ) ( 4 )
𝐴  𝑊 =¿ ( 250 ) ( 100 )=25,000 𝑚𝑚
2 𝑀= ¿
8 8
  𝑠=¿ 12.5
𝑛𝐴   ( 50 )( 6 )=3750 𝑚 𝑚2  𝑴 =𝟏𝟖 𝒌𝑵𝒎
(25,000)
    + (3750)
  (3)
  (259)
  +(3750)
 
 ´𝑦 =¿
( 25,000 ) +¿2(3750)
   
6
(18 ∗10 )(125)
𝜎 𝑤=
 ´𝒚 =𝟏𝟑𝟏 𝒎𝒎 253.11 ∗10
6

3 3

𝐼=¿  (100 )( 250 )  (50 )( 6 ) 𝝈  𝒘 =𝟖 . 𝟖𝟗 𝑴𝑷𝒂

    ¿12.5
+2     ]
12 12
 𝑰 =𝟐𝟓𝟑 . 𝟏𝟏 ∗𝟏𝟎 𝟔 𝟒 (18 ∗106 )(131)
𝒎𝒎 𝜎  𝑠=¿ 12.5
 
 
253.11 ∗106
𝝈  𝒔=𝟏𝟏𝟔 . 𝟒𝟓 𝑴𝑷𝒂

  𝐸𝑠   200
𝑛= ¿ ¿  12.5
𝐸𝑤 16
 Example 2
•bottom.
A 100
  mmThex 20 mm timber beam is reinforced with two 50 mm x 6mm steel plates attatched on the top and
beam is loaded with 9 kN/m over a 4 meter span.
a. Maximum stress for timber
b. Maximum stress for steel
c. Minimum length of steel plates if the allowable stress for wood is 10 MPa 𝑘𝑁
9 
𝑚

 ´𝒚 =𝟏𝟑𝟏 𝒎𝒎
 𝑰 =𝟐𝟓𝟑 . 𝟏𝟏 ∗𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒎 𝒎 𝟒
 𝑴 =𝟏𝟖 𝒌𝑵𝒎
𝟏𝟖
  𝒌𝑵𝒎
6𝑀 𝟏𝟎
  =10=
𝜎 𝑤 2   . 𝟒𝟐 𝒌𝑵𝒎 𝟏𝟎
  . 𝟒𝟐 𝒌𝑵𝒎
𝑏𝑑
6𝑀  𝑳=?
 
10=
( 100 ) ( 250 )2 𝑥
𝑀
  𝑤 =10.42=¿(18)
    (  𝑥)(  2 )
(  𝑥) −(9)
𝑀=10.42
  𝑘𝑁𝑚
 𝑥=0.702 𝑚
 𝐿=4 −2 𝑥
  𝐸𝑠   200  𝑳=𝟐. 𝟔 𝒎
𝑛= ¿ ¿  12.5
𝐸𝑤 16
 Example 3
• 
A solid steel section 50 mm in diameter is protected by a shell of aluminum 6mm thick.
a) If the member is subjected to an axial force of 250 kN, determine the axial stress in the aluminum
b) If the member is subjected to a twisting moment of 1.8 kNm, calculate the torsional shear stress in the steel part of the section
c) If the member is subjected to a bending moment of 1.8 kNm find the moment carried by the aluminum part of the section

 𝜌 𝐴𝑙 = 𝜌 𝑠
  𝐺 𝑆 𝜏  = 𝑇𝑟
𝑛=
 𝜋 2 2 𝐺 𝐴𝑙 𝐽
 𝐴 𝐴𝑙 =¿ 4 ( 62 −50 )  
𝜋
  𝐷 4
 𝐴 𝐴𝑙 =1055.58 mm
2 𝐽  𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 =¿32
  𝜋 4

𝑛𝐴   𝜋 𝜋
  ( 50 ) 𝐼
  =¿ 𝐷
( 502 ) 𝐽=¿
4
  𝑠=¿(2.8571)   (2.96)
  𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 64
4 2 32   𝜋 (624 −50 4)
𝑛𝐴
  𝑠=5609.90 𝑚 𝑚  + 𝜋 (624 − 50 4) 𝐼 =¿
  𝐴𝑙 64
32 6 4
  𝑃 ¿
  0.419 ∗10 𝑚 𝑚
𝜎 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 𝐽  =2.65∗ 106 𝑚𝑚 4
𝐴 𝐼  𝑠=¿   𝜋 (504 )
250,000 )   (25 ) 64
𝜎  𝑎𝑙 =¿   𝜏  𝑠=¿ 6
(2.96)
 
¿
  0.307 ∗10 6
𝑚 𝑚 4
𝐸𝑆   200 1055.58+5609.90
  2.65
  ∗10
 
𝑛= ¿   𝑀 𝐴𝑙   1.8
  𝑀 − 𝐴𝑙𝑀 𝐴𝑙
𝐸 𝐴𝑙 70 𝝈  𝒂𝒍 =𝟑𝟕 . 𝟏 𝐌𝐏𝐚 𝝉  𝒔=𝟓𝟎 . 𝟐𝟔 𝑴𝑷𝒂 =¿
(70)(0.419) (200)(0.307)
𝑛=2.8571
 
 𝑴 𝑨𝒍 =𝟎 . 𝟓𝟖 𝒌𝑵 𝒎