MASON

RY
What is Masonry?

▪ “Kanteria” Filipino term

▪ It is used for construction with mortar
as a building material with individual
units of bricks, stones, marbles,
granites, concrete blocks, tiles etc.

2
Basic
 

Materials
and
Methods
04050
3
04060 Mortar

▪ Mortar is a mixture of
binding material with
sand. Binding
materials can be
cement, lime, soil or
any other.

4
Types of Masonry Mortar

Average Compressive
Use
Strength

Type M 2500 psi Masonry below grade and in contact with earth.

Where maximum flexural strength is required

Type S 1800 psi (winds>80 mph).

General used in exposed masonry above grade;

Type N 750 psi parapets, chimneys, and external walls subjected to
severe weathering.

Solid unit load-bearing walls where compressive

Type O 350 psi strength<100 psi.

“Lowest Compressive historic or ancient buildings that require a special 5

Type K Strength” mix
04070 Grout

▪ Is a dense fluid which

is used to fill gaps or
used as reinforcement
in existing structures

6
04080 Masonry
anchors and
reinforcing
▪ For structural
attachments and
connection.
▪ Greatly reduces
cracking

7
04090 Accessories

▪ Help to bind, vent,

adjust, connect, and
preserve masonry
materials
▪ Brick ties, cell vents,
steel mesh lash,
mortar deflection
systems, brick veneer
anchors, and more.  8
Masonry
 

Units
04200
9
04210 Clay masonry
unit

▪ Clay building products

such as bricks, blocks,
roof tiles and pavers
continue to be very
popular today, not just
for their longevity, but
also for their
innovative versatility
and technical
1
performances. 0
04220 Concrete
masonry unit

▪ Similar to brick.
▪ Larger than bricks,
therefore, it takes far
less time to lay them.
▪ Tend to be more
affordable and they
are also fire
resistance.
1
1
04230 Calcium silicate
masonry unit

▪ Authentic, natural
grain appearance,
they are also a top
candidate for use on
historical projects,
either for repairs and
renovations or for new
structures being
integrated with old
1
buildings. 2
04270 Glass masonry
unit

▪ Is an architectural
element made
from glass.
▪ Glass bricks provide
visual obscuration
while admitting light.
▪ Today glass blocks are
used in walls,
skylights, and sidewalk 1
3
lights. 
04290 Adobe masonry
unit

▪ An ancient technique
common in the
Americas and the
Middle East.
▪ Adobe bricks (mud
bricks) are made of
earth with a fairly high
clay content and
straw. 1
4
  Stone
04400
1
5
04410 Stone materials

▪ Stone masonry
involves creating
buildings, structures,
and sculpture using
stone from the earth,
and is one of the
oldest trades in human
history.
1
6
Stone Qualities & Use

Qualities Use
• Light buff to light chocolate
brown / brick red to brown
Sandstone • Granular in texture
Building walls and flagstones.
• Well cemented

• White / light gray to light buff

Limestone • Fine grains to crystalline texture Any building purpose.
• Can easily be scratched

• White to black / bluish-grey /

light to dark olive green / pinkish
to red Building stones but usually used as
Marble • Fine granules to coarse decorative panels.
crystallines
• Glassy when polished
1
• White, pink, gray / gray, dark 7
olive green to black and
Granite laurvkite Paneling
Stone Qualities & Use

Qualities Use
• Porous texture
Building foundations and as building
Lavas • Strong as granite but if light in color
stone.
it is softer

• White / buff / red / brown

Excellent building stone but it is hard to
Quartzite • Resistant to weather
shape.
• Dense almost glassy texture

• Gray to grayish green / brick red /

dark brown Decorative cladding for buildings,
Slate • Slaty texture roofings, paving, and blackboards.
• Can easily be scratched

• Gray with some pink / white or light

gray bands Building stone and be have decorative
Gneiss • Crystalline structure like granite purposes if banded.
• Hard as granite
1
8
04430 Quarried stone

▪ Is excavated from the

ground.
▪ Natural stone quarried
from the earth is often
considered a luxury
and tends to be a
highly durable surface,
thus highly desirable.
1
9
Refractori
 

es
04500
2
0
04550 Flue liners

▪ Typically used in
fireplaces such as
chimneys

2
1
04570 Castable
refractories

▪ These materials
consist of precision
graded coarse and fine
refractory grains.
▪ A heat-resistant
material, i.e. a mineral
that is resistant to
decomposition by
heat, pressure, or 2
chemical attack. 2
Corrosion
Resistant
Masonry
04600
2
3
04610 Chemical
resistant brick

▪ Is designed to protect
containment tanks and
vessels made of steel,
concrete, ordinary
masonry, fiber-reinforced
polyesters and the like.
Chemical resistant brick
provides thermal,
mechanical, and
chemical protection for
2
these kinds of 4
structures. 
04630 Vitrified clay
liner plates

▪ Used since the turn of

the 20th Century as
complete or partial
segmental lining of
concrete and
reinforced concrete
pipes as corrosion
protection as well as
an economical
2
alternative to the 5
masonry sewer
Simulated
Masonry
04700
2
6
04710 Simulated brick

▪ Imitation of brick.

2
7
04720 Cast stone

▪ Cast Stone is a
masonry product, used
as an architectural
feature, trim,
ornament or facing for
buildings or other
structures.

2
8
04730 Simulated
stone

▪ Molds and color stain

system designed to
duplicate closely the
appearance of natural
stone.

2
9
Masonry
Assemblie
s
04800
3
0
04820 Reinforced unit
masonry assemblies

▪ The use of reinforcement

in walls helps it to
withstand tension forces
and heavy compressive
loads. 

3
1
04830 Nonreinforced
unit masonry
assemblies

▪ The un-reinforced
masonry walls are
prone to cracks and
failure under heavy
compressive loads
and during
earthquakes.

3
2
04840 Prefabricated
masonry panels

▪ Prefabricated brick
panels are
conventionally-built
masonry walls or
elements that are
hung onto the building
as panels.

3
3
04880 Fire places

▪ Main functions are to

control fire, heat, and
smoke, the inner shell
is made from fireproof
materials.

3
4
Restorati
on and
Cleaning
04800
3
5
04910 Unit masonry
restoration

▪ Restore units

3
6
04920 Stone
restoration

▪ Is the restoring of worn

stone– marble,
travertine, granite,
etc. — to the state in
which it was installed.
▪ It may also entail the
altering of the stone’s
surface to match a
desired finish of the 3
installation’s owner or 7
04930 Unit masonry
cleaning

▪ Cleans unit.

3
8
04940 Stone cleaning

▪ Cleans stone

3
9