SEMINAR PRESENTATION

TYPES OF GEO-THERMAL POWER PLANTS

PRESENTING BY:
SAI KRISHNA JALIGAMA
16K81A03D6

DATE:30-04-2020
 Geo Thermal Energy
Geothermal energy is heat derived within the
sub-surface of the earth. Water and/or steam carry
the geothermal energy to the Earth's surface.
Depending on its characteristics, geothermal
energy can be used for heating and cooling purposes
or be harnessed to generate clean electricity

Most power plants—whether fueled by coal, gas,

nuclear power, or geothermal energy—have one
feature in common: they convert heat to electricity.
They use many of the same components like
traditional power plants, including turbines,
generators, transformers, and other standard power
generating equipment.
TYPES OF GEO THERMAL POWER PLANTS
DRY SYSTEM POWER PLANT

FLASH STEAM POWER PLANT

BINARY CYCLE POWER PLANT

 This system is used where
geothermal resources deliver
steam with little or no water
 In this system, pressure and
temperatures of the steam
reaching to the earth’s surface
are limited to 8 bar and 200oC.
 Dry steam is extracted from the
geothermal field. It contains some
water and solid particles. These
are removed in a centrifugal
separator.
 Pure and dry steam is then fed to
a steam turbine. The steam
turbine drives an electrical
generator coupled to it and
generates electricity.
 
The exhausted steam from the
turbine is condensed in a
condenser. The condensate is
then re-injected into the ground.
 
 Flash steam plants differ from dry
steam because they extract hot
water, rather than steam, directly to
the surface. 
 The hot water is extracted from the
geothermal field from a depth of
about 1 km at about 40 bar. Then
hot water reaches to the wellhead at
low pressure.
 It is a throttling process due to
which hot water is converted into a
two-phase mixture having the steam
of low quality and is fed to a flash
chamber cum brine separator.
 In the flash chamber, hot water
flashes into steam. It results in dry
steam, pure and dry steam is fed to
a steam turbine and brine is
collected from the bottom.
 The steam turbine drives an 
electrical generator coupled to it
and generates electricity.
 The hot brine is re-injected into the
ground along with the steam.
 This system is used where geothermal
resources deliver hot fluid in the
temperature range of 90oC to 170oC.
 In order to utilize this geothermal heat,
an organic compound of low boiling
temperature like isobutene is used under
pressure in a primary heat exchanger.
 In this system, the water or steam from
geothermal resource never comes in
direct contact with the turbines. Instead,
water from below the earth is pumped
through a heat exchanger where it heats
a second liquid (isobutene). The
geothermal fluid is re-injected to the
ground after extracting heat.
 The isobutene vapor, generated in the
primary heat exchanger, is passed
through a turbine where it expands. The
mechanical power of the turbine is
converted into electrical power by a 
generator.

 The exhaust of the turbine is passed

through a regenerator (heat exchanger)
where it is cooled and then condensed in
the condenser.
 
THANK YOU!!

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