Web Browsers

Submitted To – Deepak Sir

Submitted By – Aastha Pal
(12th Science)
What is the Technology?
 A web browser or Internet browser is a
software application for retrieving,
presenting, and traversing information
resources on the World Wide Web. An
information resource is identified by a
Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may
be a web page, image, video, or other piece
of content.[1] Hyperlinks present in
resources enable users to easily navigate
their browsers to related resources.
What is the Technology?

 Although browsers are primarily

intended to access the World Wide
Web, they can also be used to access
information provided by Web servers
in private networks or files in file
systems. Some browsers can also be
used to save information resources to
file systems.
 Who Developed it? When?
Why?
 Tim Berners-Lee developed it in
December of 1990. It was released in
March, 1991.
 Interview with Tim berners-lee: Why did you
invent the WWW?
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
 “Well, I found it frustrating that in those days,
there was different information on different
computers, but you had to log on to different
computers to get at it. Also, sometimes you had
to learn a different program on each computer.”
said Tim Berners-Lee.

 People at CERN came from universities all over

all types of computers.
History and Milestones
 ･ WorldWideWeb. Tim Berners-Lee
Christmas day, 1990.
 ･ libwww. Berners-Lee and a student at
CERN named Jean-Francois Groff 1991 /
1992,.
 ･ Line-mode. Nicola Pellow,1991
 ･ Erwise. After a visit from Robert
Cailliau, a group of students at Helsinki
University of Technology joined together
to write a web browser. April, 1992.
1990 Web Browser
History and Milestones
 ･ ViolaWWW. Pei Wei, a student at the
University of California at Berkeley,
released the second browser for Unix,
called ViolaWWW, in May, 1992.
 ･ Midas. Summer 1992, Tony Johnson at
SLAC developed a third browser for Unix
systems.
 ･ Samba. Robert Cailliau started
development of the first web browser
for the Macintosh, called Samba.
Development was picked up by Nicola
Pellow, and the browser was functional
by the end of 1992.
History and Milestones
 Mosaic. Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina
February, 1993.

 Arena. In 1993, Dave Raggett at Hewlett-

Packard

 Lynx.. Lou Montulli released the web browser

Lynx 2.0 in March, 1993.

 Cello. Tom Bruce, cofounder of the Legal

Information Institute developed a web
browser for that platform called Cello,
finished in the summer of 1993.
1993 Mosaic Browser

QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
History and Milestones
 Opera. In 1994, the Opera browser
was developed by a team of
researchers at a telecommunication
company called Telenor in Oslo,
Norway.

 Internet in a box. January, 1994,

O'Reilly and Associates
History and Milestones
 ･ Navipress. In February, 1994, Navisoft
released a browser for the PC and Macintosh
called Navipress.

 ･ Mozilla. In October, 1994, Netscape released

the the first beta version of their browser,
Mozilla 0.96b, over the Internet.

 ･ Internet Explorer. On August 23rd, 1995,

Microsoft released their Windows 95
operating system, including a Web browser
called Internet Explorer.
What Groups are
Responsible for Managing
it?
 The Information Technology group of the
company.
 Developer of the software
What Groups are
Responsible for Managing
it?
 Mozilla is a global community dedicated to building free, open
source products like Firefox web browser and Thunderbird email
software.

 Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended

from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla
Corporation.
 Functions can be added through extensions, created by third-party
developers

 The Mozilla project was created in 1998 with the release of the
Netscape browser suite source code that was intended to
harness the creative power of thousands of programmers on the
Internet.
What Groups are
Responsible for Managing
it?
 Instead of just working on Netscape's next browser,
people started creating a variety of browsers,
development tools and a range of other projects.

 In ten years the community has shown that

commercial companies can benefit by collaborating
in open source projects and that great end user
products can be produced as open source software.

 A sustainable organization has been created that

uses market mechanisms to support a public benefit
mission and this model has been reused by others to
create open, transparent and collaborative
organizations in a broad range of areas.
What Groups are
Responsible for Managing
it?
What Groups are
Responsible for Managing
it?
 WebKit is a layout engine designed to allow web
browsers to render web pages.
 It powers Google Chrome and Safari.
 The WebKit engine provides a set of classes to
display web content in windows, and implements
browser features such as following links when clicked
by the user, managing a back-forward list, and
managing a history of pages recently visited.
Growth of the Web Browser

 For years, the Web browser was a

technology that seemed frozen in time.
While the Web itself exploded with new
types of content and virtual communities,
the way users accessed that material
changed hardly at all from 1997 to 2004.
Growth of the Web Browser

 Of course, new versions of the most

popular Web browsers come along
regularly. Microsoft released Internet
Explorer 9 on March 14; Mozilla
upgraded Firefox to version 4 on March
22
Growth of the Web Browser

 Browster, for example, offers a free add-

on for Internet Explorer and the Mozilla
Foundation's open-source Firefox
browser that's a simpler alternative to
using the "Back" button.
Growth of the Web Browser
Growth of the Web Browser

 A plugin for Internet Explorer

and Firefox, lets users preview
other Web pages without leaving
the current one, by moving a
cursor over an icon appearing
above each link.
Growth of the Web Browser
 companies like Flock are developing
entirely new browsers to facilitate now-
common social activities, such as blogging,
RSS-based news reading, and photo sharing.
 Not only can you use it on the computer, but
it is now integrated into mobile devices,
DVD players, and video game counsels.
Related and Competing
Technologies
 Apps, social networks

QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Pros and Cons

 FireFox
 Pros: Fast, very customizable, uses
fewer system resources than most
 Cons: So many options can be
confusing, crash on one tab
crashes all, private browsing
requires add-in, many other
features require add-ins
Pros and Cons

 Google
 Pros: Fast and simple, stable,
private browsing option, enables
offline use of Internet apps
 Cons: No ad blocking, minimal
options, skimpy bookmarking, uses
a lot of system resources
Pros and Cons

 Opera
 Pros: Doesn’t bog down older
computers, excellent history of
searching, synchronize across
computers
 Cons: No ad blocking, not the
fastest, no private browsing
Creation of Accessibility
Limitations and
Improvements
 The browser as operating
system,
 Functionally-limited mobile
applications,
 Web-enhanced devices,
 Personalization.
Pushing the Limits

 Flock 2.5
 Firefox 5
 Internet Explorer 9
 Web Os
 Chrome Os
Future Technology

 Worldwide Market Shares

 Influence of Google Chrome
 Competition amongst Web
Browsers
Live Examples

 http://www.google.com/chrome/index.
html
 http://ie.microsoft.com/testdrive/
 http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/
new/
 http://www.apple.com/safari/
 http://www.opera.com/
 http://www.collegehumor.com/article/
5975407/5-browsers-and-the-modes-o
f-transportation-they-resemble
Work Cited
 Slides 2-9
 http://www.nndb.com/people/573/000023504/
 http://www.livinginternet.com/w/wi_browse.htm
 http://www.boutell.com/newfaq/history/fbrowser.html
 Slides 10-16
 www.webkit.org
 /www.mozilla.org/
 www.technologyreview.com
 Slides 17-21
 http://www.consumersearch.com/web-browser-reviews/compare
 http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2010/04/10/holistic-web-browsing-4-trends-of-the-future/
 Slides 22-24
 http://www.pcworld.com/article/224133/can_microsoft_internet_explorer_9_win_the_browser_wars.h
tml
 http://www.pcworld.com/article/224795/watch_for_firefox_5_release_in_june.html
 http://www.nytimes.com/external/venturebeat/2009/05/19/19venturebeat-flock-browser-beefs-up-
twitter-facebook-supp-12208.html