Personal Protective

Equipment
“Stay Alert
Don't Get Hurt”
REPORTERS:
CHRISTIAN BUENAFLOR
FRANK CARLO HAYAG
MARK JOSHUA PAREDES
Introduction
Lesson objectives:
1. Describe all the material,
parts procedure, Rules and
other related controls as it
relates to personal
protective equipment.
2. Identify types of personal
protective equipment
utilized in general industry.
3. Explain personal protective
equipment. 2
Introduction
Employers must protect
employees:
 Assess the workplace

 Eliminate and reduce the

hazards found using engineering
and administrative controls

 Then use appropriate personal

protective equipment

 Remember, Personal Protective

Equipment is the last level of 3
control.
 Personal Protective
Equipment

REMINDERS:

 When handling live lines, it is necessary to

install an insulation protector, like insulation
gloves and electric safety helmet.
 For High voltage live lines, preferable to use
line working tools such as live sticks, live line
working cats, and insulation bench. The
workers must approach within 30 cm from
overhead lines or 60 cm from side ways or
underneath live lines.
 Low voltage lines must be protected in the
same way.

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PPE

 REFERS TO THE VARIETY OF

PROTECTIVE GARMENTS, SUIT,
DEVICES OR EQUIPMENTS
DESIGN TO PROTECT WEARES
BODY FROM INJURY THAT
COMES FROM THE WORKPLACE

5
Hierarchy of Controls

Source: OSHA
 Hierarchy of Controls
Elimination/substitution:
• Highest level of protection
• Eliminate hazard from the workplace
• Substitute
• Use safer item/substance
• Use same chemical but in a different form; as
particle size of a substance decreases, hazard
level increases

Source: OTIEC Workgroup

Hierarchy of Controls
Administrative controls/work practice control:
• Requires worker or employer to do something
• Examples
o Written proper operating procedures, work permits
and safe work practices
o Inspection and maintenance
o Housekeeping
o Monitoring the use of highly hazardous materials
o Supervision
o Training
o Alarms, signs and warnings
o Regulated areas
o Limit exposure by time or distance
REQUIRED QUANTITIES ABD USE OF
STANDARDS MUST BE ESTABLISHED

 ELECTRIC SAFETY HELMET

 ELECTRIC RUBBER GLOVES
 ELECTRIC ISULATION GARMENTS
 ELCTRIC SLEEVE COVER
 ELECTRIC INSULATION TUBE
 ELECTRICN INSULATION SHEET
 PROTECTIVE TUBE FOR CONSTRUCTION FIELD

9
REMINDERS WHEN WORKING
WITH ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

 Always assume that a circuit is energized

 Use the appropriate instrument for testing
circuits
 Use protective devices (Fuse, rubber mats, etc.)
 Use PPE (rubber Gloves , boots, etc.)
 Use insulated tools
 Use Warning Signs
 Observe proper maintenance schedules of
electrical equipment
 Regular electrical inspection.

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GUIDELINES IN SELECTING PPE

 Identify the effects

 Understand the effect
 Recommend the proper
equipment
 Trains workers on proper usage
and maintenance

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Hierarchy of Controls
PPE controls:
• Requires worker to wear something
• Examples

Source of Photos: OSHA

 Types of PPE
Head protection:
• Frequent causes of head injuries
• Falling objects from above striking on the
head;
• Bump head against fixed objects, such as
exposed pipes or beams; or
• Accidental head contact with electrical
hazards.

Source: OSHA
Types of PPE
Why head protection is important…

Source: OSHA
Used for protection of
the workers

 Head Protection
 Eye and face Protection
 Foot and leg Protection
 Hand and arm protection

15
 Only Qualified personnel should
work on any part of electrical circuit
 Always replace a fuse with the
same kind of rating
 When working make sure that there
is someone to look after you
 LOTO “ Always lock safety switches
and place tags before working on a
circuit
 When installing electrical insulation
make sure that they will not create
any new hazard
 Strictly follow the rules and
regulation of PEC.
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QUALITY OF A GOOD HARD HAT
• Be able to absorb the shock of the blow falling
objects.
• Be able to resist penetration from the sharp
objects
• Must have ability for low water absorption and
slow flammability rate of the shell.

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 Types of PPE
• ANSI Z89.1, 1997
• Type I: provides protection from
objects fall directly on top of the
helmet, but not from objects that
strike the side, front, or back of the
head.
• Type II: provides protection from
strikes to the top of the head and
also provides protection from blows to
the sides, front, and back of the head.
More suitable for workers who are not Source of photos:

always in a standing position

OSHA
• CLASS E (Electrical)
• Designed for electrical/utility work
• Protect against falling objects, impact
• Electrical protection against high-voltage
(proof-tested to 20,000 volts)
• Classes of hard hats:
• CLASS G (General)
• Protect against impact, penetration
• Low-voltage electrical protection (proof-tested
to 2,200 volts)
• CLASS C (Conductive)
• Designed for comfort; offers limited protection
• Protects heads that may bump against fixed
objects
• Does not protect against falling objects or
electrical hazards
Types of PPE

Eye and face protection:

Types of PPE
• Safety glasses
• Used to protect against moderate
impacts from particles
Types •of PPE
Goggle types

Direct-ventilated Indirect-ventilated Non-ventilated

• Does not allow the
• Resist direct passage • Prevents fogging
passage of air into the
of large particles into by allowing air
goggle
the goggle circulation
• Prevents splash entry
• Prevents fogging by • Protects against
allowing air circulation liquid or chemical • May fog and require
splash entry frequent lens cleaning
25
Types of PPE

• Common causes of eye injuries

• Chemical splashes
• Blood or OPIM splashes or sprays
• Intense light
• Dust and other flying particles
• Molten metal splashes
 Types of PPE

• Face shields
• Protect face from nuisance
dusts and potential splashes Source:
OSHA

or sprays of hazardous liquids

• Shields do not protect from
impact hazards unless so rated
• Shields are for face protection, not eye
protection. To protect the eyes, wear
safety glasses with side shields, or
goggles under the face shield.
EFFECTS OF HAZARDS TO THE EYE
AND FACE
• Permanent loss of vision
• Temporary loss of vision
• Inflamed
• Skin burns
• Lacerations

28
Types of PPE
• Selecting eye and face protection –
elements to consider:
• Ability to protect against workplace
hazards
• Should fit properly
• Should provide unrestricted vision and
movement
• Durable and cleanable
• Allow unrestricted functioning of other
PPE
Types of PPE

• Welding shields
• Protect eyes from burns caused
by:
• Infrared light
• Intense radiant light

• Protect eyes and face from

flying sparks, metal spatter, and
slag chips
Source of photos: OSHA
Types of PPE
• Laser safety goggles
• Provide protection from hazards:
• physical contact such as flying particles
• ultraviolet light, laser, and welding
Hearing protection:
• Exposure to noise
levels over 85 dB can
cause hearing loss
• Hearing protection
required at 90 dB
• Implement effective
Hearing Conservation
Program Source: OSHA
 Permissible Noise Exposure
29 CFR 1910.95(b)(1)
Duration per Sound Level
• The employer must Day (hours) (dBA)
provide ear protection 8 90
when the noise level in 6 92
the work area is 4 95
greater than indicated 3 97
in this table.
2 100
1 105
1/2 110
1/4 115
Source: NIOSH
Impact noise should not exceed 140 dB
EAR PLUGS

• Refers to the device that is inserted to the ear canal to

reduce the intensity of the sound before reaching to the ear
drums.
• It protects from the intrusion of the water, entry of foreign
bodies, dust or excessive wind.

35
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF EAR PLUGS

• Foam type Ear Plugs- made of foam, compressed by fingers

to put inside the ear canal, expands to plug the canal when
released.
• Silicon Type Ear Plugs- made of silicon and rubber, small ball
that fits the outer ear canal, it is often used by the
swimmers.
• Flanged type Ear Plugs- made by the rubber and plastics to
fit on the outer ear canal
• Ear muffs- pair of soft fabric covering , worn over the ears to
protect them from cold or noise
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• Canal Caps- used to close openings of ear canal, unlike
muffs it does not provide that much protection to the
Foot and leg protection:

• Causes of foot injuries:

• Falling or rolling of heavy objects
• Crushing or penetrating materials
• Sharp objects that can penetrate
the sole
• Exposure to molten metal Source: OSHA

• Working on, or around, hot, wet,

or slippery surfaces
• Working when electrical
hazards are present.
HAZARDS THAT MAY LEAD TO FOOT AND LEG
INJURIES

• Falling and Rolling objects

• Sharp Objects
• Live electrical Conductor
• Hot surfaces
• Wet slippery surfaces

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SAFETY SHOES OR BOOTS

• ARE DEFINED AS THE PROTECTIVE DEVICE THAT

SAFEGUARDS THE FOOT FROM COMPRESSION DUE TO
FALLING OBJECTS.

39
Common Foot And Leg Injuries

• Fractures
• Punctures
• Burns
• Cuts
• Amputations
• Electrocution

40
41
PROPERTIES OF SAFETY SHOES

• ELECTROSTATIC DISSIPATING- a footwear that conducts

static electricity to floors that are grounded.
• ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE – a safety shoes that are
insulated with tough rubber to prevent shocks and
burns from electricity.
• PUNCTURE RESISTANT- footwear that that has mid sole
device protect against possibility of injury from
accidental contact.
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FOOT GUARDS OR METATARSAL
FOOT GUARDS

• Protective device that was strapped to outside of shoes

to protect instep area from impact and compression, the
materials used are aluminum, steel, fiber and hard
plastic

43
LEGGINGS

• Are kind of Garments that protect the lower leg and feet
from burn injuries like molten metal or welding sparks.

SHIN GUARDS
• Worn in front of the workers shin to protect
from any leg injuries

44
45
 HAND PROTECTION:

• Potential hazards for hands

• Skin absorption of hazardous
substances
• Lacerations or severe cuts
• Punctures
• Chemical burns
• Thermal burns
• Extreme temperatures
Source of photos: OSHA
Gloves

• Protect hands from certain hazards that are inherent to

the nature of job appropriate kind of gloves should be
used.

47
TYPES OF GLOVES

• WELDING GLOVES
• COTTON GLOVES
• METAL MESHED GLOVES
• CHEMICAL RESISTANT GLOVES

48
• HAND PADS – used to protect arm from the hot surface to
eliminate the chance of getting burned.

• PROTECTIVE ARM SLEEVES- covering guards arms against

potential abrasions, burns, dust and grimes in the
workplace.

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• Barrier Cream – used in industrial applications and as
cosmetic places, a physical barrier between skin and
contaminates that may irritate the skin
• Torso and Body Protection Device- used to protect the
upper body from any hazards that may injure that may
injure the torso and the body of an individual.

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Hazards that may lead to Torso and
Body Injuries

• Heat
• Splash from hot metal
• Impacts
• Cuts
• Chemicals
• Radiation

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Body protection – protective clothing:
• Provide protective clothing
for those parts of the body
exposed to possible injuries
• Types of body protection
• Laboratory coats
• Coveralls
• Vests
• Jackets Source of photos: OSHA

• Aprons
• Surgical gowns
• Full-body suits
• Selection of body protection
– variety of materials effective
against particular hazard
• Paper-like fiber – dust and
splashes
• Treated wool and cotton – fire-
resistant; dust, abrasions,
rough/irritating surfaces
• Duck – cuts, bruises
• Leather – dry heat, flames
• Rubber, rubberized fabrics,
neoprene, and plastics – certain
chemicals and physical hazards
Respiratory protection:

Source of photos: OSHA

• Elimination/substitution or Engineering
controls
• Eliminate toxic material or substitute a less
toxic material
• Enclose or confine operation
• General or local exhaust
ventilation
• Only when engineering
controls are not feasible, Source: OSHA

will respirators be used

• Types of respirators
• Air-Purifying (APR) –
remove contaminants
from air
• Particulate respirators
• Chemical cartridge/
gas mask respirator
• Powered Air-Purifying
Respirator (PAPR)
• Atmosphere-Supplying – provide
clean, breathable air
• Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
• Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR)
• Inspecting and cleaning respirators
• Inspect all respirators for wear and tear
before and after each use
• Wash in a detergent solution; then,
disinfect by immersing in a sanitizing
solution
• Storing respirators
• Protect against dust, sunlight, heat, extreme
cold, excessive moisture, and damaging
chemicals
• Store in position to retain natural
configuration
THANK
YOU!