STEAM TURBINE GOVERNING SYSTEM

500 MW UNIT

BY

K. Dhinesh kumar
Sr. Manager (Testing &Commg.)
NTECL
Control Fluid System
• It is installed in automatic trip fluid to the
automatic trip gear.
•Remote operated from control room/protection
circuit. When operated causes aux trip fluid to drain
and trips turbine.
•.When solenoid is energised, armature moves
downwards by spring and two valve discs seals seat.
•Solenoid energise will cause armature and valve
discs to move upwards against force of spring so that
aux trip fluid is linked to drain.

REMOTE TRIP SOLENOID

VALVE
 •To open the trip fluid circuit to
drain, thereby closing all steam
input to turbine in case of
abnormalities.
•At start up, auxiliary start up oil
keeps the MTV in uppermost
position
•Pressure fluid enters and at the
outlet, Trip fluid and aux trip
fluid builds up and flows to
governing elements.
•The auxiliary trip fluid keeps the
x MTV in upper position in normal
condition. (Aux. Start up fluid will
drain through starting device.
•Any drop of aux. Trip fluid
x1 pressure below certain limit will
drop the MTV due to spring force
and own weight, drains trip fluid
and aux trip fluid circuit.
u1 •Manually pressing the trip lever
will also drain the trip fluid
circuit.
•Limit switches provide electrical
trip out signals.

MAIN TRIP
VALVE
EMERGENCY TRIP VALVE FOR MANUALTRIP
•It enables for manual trip out.
•It consists of valve cone sliding on
bush, spring and ball headed spindle.
•During normal operation, the aux trip
fluid keeps the valve against the
bushing.
•For tripping, the ball head is pressed,
causing the aux trip fluid to drain and
leads to MTV tripping.
•On start up, the aux start up fluid
keeps the valve up to normal position
before aux trip fluid build up.

X1 Aux trip fluid

U1 aux. St.up fluid
C return fluid
SPEEDER GEAR AND STARTING DEVICE
 STOP VALVE SERVOMOTOR
•Consists of two part piston. Disc shaped lower part connected to the
valve stem. Other part is bell shaped. Two spiral springs are placed
between the two halves.
Opening of valve
•Trip oil is admitted to space above bell shaped piston and it is moved
to seat against the piston disc, forming single unit.
•Then trip fluid admitted to space below piston disc and
simultaneously space above piston is drained gradually.
•This causes the two halves moving towards open as single unit.
•When trip oil pressure falls below certain value, the springs separate
and leads to closing of the valve.
•Back seat of piston ensures minimum leakage of oil.
•While closing, just before valve disc seats the oil draining is through
restricted area leading to braking action. Valve disc seats gently.
 TEST VALVE FOR STOP VALVE
•Function of test valve is to open and close stop valve manually or by start up
circuits/ATT.
•Each test valve and auxiliary valve arranged in series behind two solenoid valves.
•Test valve forced downwards against spring either manually or by start up fluid
pressure.
•At bottom position of test valve, trip fluid admitted above piston and below
piston connected to drain.
•Test valve to be moved upwards either manually and by reducing the start up
fluid pressure.
•At top position of test valve, trip fluid is admitted below piston and the above
piston is connected to drain.
•Closing and opening of the stop valve can be checked by manually operating the
test valve.
•HP and IP stop valves are opened in sequence at different pressures of start up
fluid.
•During ATT trip fluid is admitted below auxiliary valve and it moves up. This
connects the fluid below piston to drain leading to sudden closure of stop valve
ARRANGEMENT OF TEST VALVE 500 MW
•Follow up pistons converts the governor
movement into oil pressure changes.
•Follow up piston consists of a hollow piston which
can slide in a cylindrical body.
•The position of piston is controlled by a tension
spring and an adjusting screw.
•At lower end of piston a sleeve with two
diametrically opposite drain ports is sliding.
•Similar ports in the piston overlaps with the sleeve
ports in appropriate position.
•Below top cover of the body an inlet for trip oil
through an orifice.
•Oil supply after orifice is called secondary oil.

FOLLOW UP PISTON
•It amplifies the signal from hydraulic
speed governor.
•The components are amplifier piston,
pilot valve, follow up piston with sleeve
and mechanical feed back system.
•Aux sec fluid flows over pilot valve. In
steady state condition, pilot valve in centre
position. Pressure in aux. Sec fluid is in
equilibrium with spring force.
•Pilot valve is kept in rotation for greater
freedom of movement.
•Deflection of pilot valve allows control
fluid above or below amplifier piston.
•The motion of amplifier piston is
transmitted via lever to the pilot valve as
feed back and pilot valve assumes centre
position.
•Each aux. Sec fluid pressure corresponds
to a certain position of amplifier piston.

Hydraulic amplifier
 Follow up pistons
•The motion of the amplifier piston is transmitted via lever to
the sleeves sliding on the sec fluid follow up pistons.
•The overlap of ports of sleeves and follow up piston
determines the secondary fluid pressure.
•Each position of the amplifier piston corresponds to a specific
position of the sleeve and follow up piston.
•The position of follow up piston is determining factor for the
secondary fluid pressure.
•Precompression of follow up piston can be adjusted by
adjusting screws and lever of trimming device.
•Two follow up piston in parallel for HP sec fluid and two for
IP sec fluid.
•IP sec fluid follow up pistons are provided with trimming
actuator lever.
•During normal operation, the trimming solenoid valve allows control
fluid to the actuator, under the piston.
•The upward movement of this piston adjusts the initial tension of the
springs of follow up piston through connecting lever.
•During specified conditions solenoid valve deenergised.
•The control fluid under actuator piston drained and piston moves
downwards.
•The tension springs of follow up pistons gets adjusted to new position
leading to delayed opening of IP valves.
•The specified conditions are 1. Turbine load less than a minimum and
2. Ratio of HP exhaust pressure to main steam pressure greater than a
set pressure ratio.
•These conditions can occur during load shedding.
•The device can be set to upper position with handwheel, when unit is
operated without bypass system, this enables reheat valves opening
earlier to main steam valves.

TRIMMING DEVICE
ELECTRO HYDRAULIC CONVERTOR
 ELECTRO HYDRAULIC CONVERTOR

•It is the connecting element between electrical and hydraulic

parts.
•It converts electrical signal into hydraulic signal and amplifies
to generate secondary fluid pressures.
•It consists of
Moving coil system
Sleeve and pilot valve
Amplifier piston
Follow up pistons
Position feed back transmitter
Actuator for HP/IP trimming
 ELECTRO HYDRAULIC CONVERTOR

•The electrical signal (voltage) from governor to moving coil

operates sleeve up and down on the pilot valve.
•Pilot valve is positioned in similar manner like follow up piton.
Based on overlap of ports the trip fluid draining is varied and
positions the pilot.
•In steady state condition the pilot is at center position. Trip fluid
pressure is in equilibrium with spring force.
•Pilot valve is kept in rotation with control fluid flow through
tangential holes of the pilot disc. This gives high response sensitivity.
•With open command for valve from governor, the sleeve is moved
upwards by moving coil system. This decreases oil drain area. Hence
pilot moves up due to increase in pressure below pilot valve.
•The control fluid is allowed below amplifier piston and piston
 ELECTRO HYDRAULIC CONVERTOR
•The upward movement of amplifier piston causes downward
movement of sleeve of secondary fluid follow up piston and increases
secondary fluid pressure.
•The motion of amplifier piston produces feed back to the electrical
system and the signal to the moving coil is varied with the feed back,
to bring back the pilot valve to center position.
•For close command the controlling action is similar in opposite
direction.
•Trimming solenoid operates the actuator piston and changes the
tension on IP secondary fluid follow up pistons.
•The moving coil is adjusted for its position to have negative balance
voltage at steady state condition.
•This ensures for EHTC to full open on failure of coil and hydraulic
governing will take over control of the machine.
 •The function of this pilot valve is to admit open/close
control fluid to the CRH NRV based on HP sec fluid
pressure.
•For the sec fluid pressure of more than a
predetermined value, the pilot lifts up against spring
force. The set point can be adjusted with setscrew.
•At upper position of pilot the pressure fluid is
passing to the open side of the check valve and NRV
opens. The close side fluid is drained.
•At lower position from center, the pilot allows
pressure fluid to the close side of check valve thereby
closing it.
•To prevent from seizure, the pilot is kept rotated by
the pressure fluid jet through tangential holes.

CRH NRV PILOT VALVE

CRH NRV
CRH NRV
SERVOMOTOR
Change over valve for ATT 210MW
OVERSPEED TRIP BOLTS IN BEARING NO. 1 PEDESTAL
OVERSPEED TRIP
RELEASING DEVICE
TURBINE OVERSPEED
TRIP DEVICE

AUX START-UP
OIL TO RESET
AUX TRIP OIL

FLY BOTL

Drain

Aux Trip Oil

TURBINE OVERSPEED TRIP DEVICE

OVERSPEED TRIP TEST DEVICES
 SEQUENCE OF OPERATION FOR TESTING OVERSPEED
TEST DEVICE
1. Press the left valve knob to isolate the aux trip oil circuit to the
over speed trip device.
2. Gradually rotate the handwheel of middle valve to move
downwards and observe for test oil pressure raise.
3. Observe and record the pressure at which the trip device is
actuated. Raise pressure till both pins are acted.
4. Reduce the test oil pressure by moving the middle valve fully in
opposite direction.
5. Press the right side valve knob to admit control oil to aux start
up oil circuit of over speed trip device. This will reset the device
to normal position.
6. Release the left side valve knob to normalise the aux trip oil
circuit.