COMBUSTION

CHAMBER
LADIA, Kyle Rasty
MALLETA, Raven Dale
MATEO, Marion Josh
 COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
Contains the burning mixture of Air which is
being passed from the compressor and fuel
from the fuel spray nozzles in order to
generate the maximum heat release of a
substantially constant pressure so that the
turbine receives a uniformly expanded, heated
and accelerated stream of gas.
 COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER

There is a limit to the maximum

temperature of the gas exiting
from the combustion chamber. The
slightest excursion above that
temperature limit will mean
distortion of the turbine blades
with probably catastrophic results.
 COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER

Lower power settings would

require lower fuel flows and
consequently would generate
lower gas temperatures. Vise
Versa.
 COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
Compressed air is divided into
primary and secondary air paths
(Diversion duct) before going to
the combustion process. Primary
air is used to support combustion
while secondary air is used for
cooling.
 COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER

Primary Air- is 20% of high

pressure compressor total output
COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
STABLE COMBUSTION IS
ACHIEVED
 COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER

Secondary Air- is 80% of high

pressure compressor total output
COMBUSTOR/COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
 VARIOUS TYPES OF COMBUSTION
CHAMBER

• MULTIPLE CAN
• CAN-ANNULAR
• ANNULAR-THROUGH FLOW
• ANNULAR-REVERSE FLOW
 MULTIPLE CAN

• Not commonly used today

• Multiple Outer Housing
• Each Combustor cans has separate burner
units that is discharged in one open area in the
turbine nozzle inlet.
• The combustor cans are interconnected with
interconnection tubes that so that as
combustion occurs in the two combustors with
igniter plugs, the flame moves to all the cans.
MULTIPLE CAN
 CAN-ANNULAR

• Common to commercial airlines powered by

Pratt and Whitney engines.
• Multiple liners located radially about the axis
of the engine
• Liners take are in front and discharges at the
back
• Flames propagation tubes connect the liners.
• Twi igniter plugs in the lower cans.
CAN-ANNULAR
 ANNULAR COMBUSTOR

• Takes air in at the front and discharges at the

rear.
• Has only one liner or basket.
• Multiple fuel spray nozzles extends to the
basket
• Primary and secondary air paths are same as
the other combustor designs
ANNULAR COMBUSTOR
 ANNULAR-REVERSE FLOW

• For Low mass flow engines

• Same as other combustors, the only difference is
• Air flows over the liner and enters from the rear
with combustion gas flow being opposite in
direction.
• After combustion gas flows through a deflector that
turns the gas 180 degrees to normal direction.
ANNULAR-REVERSE FLOW
 New Designs of Combustors

Pre-combustion Chambers

Is a Annular combustor in which

primary air comes first into a pre-combustion
chamber where it mixes with fuel and ignites.
Manufacturers’ claims that this type of
combustors are perfect for cold weather starting,
low emission and high resistant to flame out.
 New Designs of Combustors

Machine Ring Liner

Welded rings of heavy gauge metal

that has higher mechanical strength than the
traditional stamped sheet metal liner. Common in
large fan engine.
 Combustor Generated Emission

• Highly efficient
• Produces very little atmospheric pollution
• Combustor efficiency is over 90% when the engine is
operation at high power setting, dropping at approx. 95%
at idle.
• Most of the Emissions from Hot exhaust are non-pollutants.
 Pollutants from GTEs

Classed by Environmental Protection Agency.

a. Smoke
b. Unburned hydrocarbons in fuel (HC)
c. Carbon Monoxide (Co)
d. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
 Pollutants from GTEs

Cause of Pollutants

• Inefficiency in Combustion Process

• High Flame Temperature reaction to burning of
Hydrocarbon Fuel in Air.