“ MPPT CONTROL Of

STANDALONE -PV SYSTEM

With BATTERY as an ENERGY
STORAGE ELEMENT ”

PREPARED BY :- Under Supervision of:-

-Gaurav painwal(50503) -Mr. Abhishek Kumar

-Ankit kumar(52097) (assistant proffessor)
-Yash arya(50467)
 CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
 MPPT TECHNIQUES
 PIN DIAGRAM OF ATMEGA-328
 PIN DISCRIPTION
 PANEL DIAGRAM
 FLOW CHART
 PRESENT BACKGROUND
 OBJECTIVE
 APPLICATION
 MERITS
 LITERATURE REVIEW
 CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION
Standalone-PV systems are generally used for isolated
loads or household purposes . The increase in power
demand in the utility side with less harmonics and
fluctuation are the major issues .The conventional
sources of energy have the probability to last for
limited time but renewable sources of energy like solar
energy is infinite and also eco-friendly. With the
increased efficiency of power electronics devices we
can use this solar energy to provide the power to the
consumers.
 PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL
 A solar cell is an electrical device which converts incident
light rays into electricity on the basis of photovoltaic effect.
 Solar modules are made of semiconductor material. Silicon
crystals are the mostly used semiconductor crystal.
 PV cell absorbs incident sunlight and creates electron hole
pairs. Then separation of charge carriers takes place and
the carriers are separately extracted to external circuit.
 The electrical energy produced from a solar panel is DC
and can be used for DC loads or stored in a battery to be
used later. inverters can be used to convert the DC to AC
thereby running AC loads.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
 MPPT TECHNIQUES
 Perturb and observe (hill climbing method)
 Incremental Conductance method
 Current sweep
 Constant voltage
 Fuzzy Logic Control
 Neural network
PIN DIAGRAM OF ATMEGA-328
 PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin Number Description Function

1 PC6 Reset

2 PD0 Digital Pin (RX)

3 PD1 Digital Pin (TX)

4 PD2 Digital Pin

5 PD3 Digital Pin (PWM)

6 PD4 Digital Pin

7 Vcc Positive Voltage (Power)

8 GND Ground

9 XTAL 1 Crystal Oscillator

10 XTAL 2 Crystal Oscillator

11 PD5 Digital Pin (PWM)

12 PD6 Digital Pin (PWM)

13 PD7 Digital Pin

14 PB0 Digital Pin

15 PB1 Digital Pin (PWM)

16 PB2 Digital Pin (PWM)

17 PB3 Digital Pin (PWM)

18 PB4 Digital Pin

19 PB5 Digital Pin

20 AVCC Positive voltage for ADC (power)

21 AREF Reference Voltage

22 GND Ground

23 PC0 Analog Input

24 PC1 Analog Input

25 PC2 Analog Input

26 PC3 Analog Input

27 PC4 Analog Input

28 PC5 Analog Input

PANEL DIAGRAM
 FLOW CHART
 
 COMPONENTS USED
1 PV Panel
MICROCONTROLLER (ATMEGA-328)
Current Sensor
LCD display
MOSFETs
MOSFET driver
3.3V Linear regulator
Diodes
TVS diode
Resistors
Capacitors
Inductor
LEDs
Screw Terminals
Fuses
Fuse Holders
Push Switch
Heat Sinks
 PRESENT BACKGROUND
Some companies are now placing maximum power
point tracker into individual modules, allowing each to
operate at peak efficiency despite uneven shading,
soiling or electrical mismatch.
Data suggests having one inverter with one MPPT for a
project that has identical number of east and west-
facing modules presents no disadvantages when
compared to having two inverters or one inverter with
more than one MPPT.
 OBJECTIVE
The main objective of the project
is to Design a system using MPPT
to get maximum power output
from PV-cell.
 APPLICATIONS
Household purpose
 MERITS

1. It has high efficiency.

2. Independent of weather conditions.
3. It supplies to the load when PV is
unable to generate power.
4. Can be used for isolated unit.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
PV system is one of the fuming topics in the research.
Many advance level works have been done. PV has been
used to supply to the grid without any energy source or
even with energy source [9]. In this case bidirectional is
used as we need power flow in both directions, from PV
to the grid and even from the grid to the PV.
Many PV’s are connected in parallel in the form of
generators to supply to the load. This paper proposes a
fuzzy-based frequency control method for the
Photovoltaic generator in a PV–diesel hybrid system
without smoothing of PV output power fluctuations
 CONCLUSION

To harvest maximum power from a PV module, MPPT based

on modified P&O algorithm is implemented. The hardware
consists of a high efficiency DC/DC buck converter and a
microcontroller based MPPT controller, and is tested for
battery charging. A conventional charge controller and the
designed charge controller are compared when charging a 12
V battery from a 200 W solar PV module. It shows that the
modified P&O algorithm provides an efficient and reliable
maximum power tracking performance under rapid change
in irradiance and temperature conditions. The experimental
results show that the proposed system is more efficient than
the conventional design.