CIVIL ENGINEERING IN

INDOOR SUBSTATION

Prepared by,
Jyotrimaya Mishra
CIVIL ENGINEERING IN SUBSTATION
• The civil engineering includes a large quantity of information and details
for the structural drawings required to design switchgear installations.
• The structural drawings are the basis for producing the structural design
plans(foundation, shell and reinforcement plans, equipment plans).
ROLES OF CIVIL ENGINEER IN SUBSTATION
• Engineers often conduct a site visit and then thoroughly
review the site’s soil reports.
• The design for the substation includes all substation
equipment dimention such as circuit breakers, high voltage
and low voltage switches, surge arresters, insulated cables
and raceways, and AC/DC station power and control system
supplies.
• Civil engineers can handle the entire process of building a
substation for you, from designing each detail of the
substation to overseeing the project team during
construction. 
 STRUCTURAL INFORMATION RELEVANT
DATA
• Spatial configuration of the installation components
• Aisle widths for control, transport and assembly
• Main dimensions of the station components
• Load specifications
• Doors, gates, windows with type of opening and type of fire-preventive or
fire resistant design
• Ceiling and wall openings for cables, pipes or conduits
• Information on compartments with special equipment
• Information on building services
• Ventilation, air-conditioning information
• Floors including steel base frames
• Foundation and building earth switches
• Lightning protection
• Drainage
• Fire protection.
DESIGN DETAILS FOR INDOOR SUBSTATION BUILDINGS
AND
SWITCHBOARD ROOMS.

• INDOOR SUBSTATION BUILDINGS AND

SWITCHBOARD ROOMS
• VENTILATION
• FIRE RATING
• EARTHING
• SF6 INSTALLATIONS
• CABLE LAYING
 INDOOR SUBSTATION BUILDINGS AND SWITCHBOARD
ROOMS
• The clearance dimensions of an equipment room depend on the type, size and
configuration of the switch-bays, on their number and on the operating conditions.
• The required minimum aisle widths and safety clearances are specified in IEC
61936-1.
• The interiors of the switchgear house walls must be as smooth as possible to
prevent dust from accumulating.
• The electrostatic properties of the floor covering are of importance in rooms with
electronic devices. Steps or sloping floor areas must always be avoided in
switchgear compartments.
 VENTILATION
• The rooms should be ventilated sufficiently to prevent the
formation of condensation.
• it is recommended that the typical values for climatic
conditions listed in IEC 62271-1 be observed in switchgear
rooms.
IEC Includes:
 The maximum relative humidity is 95 % in the 24 hour average,
 The highest and lowest ambient temperature in the 24 hour average is
35 °C and
 -5 °C with “Minus S Indoor” class.
 FIRE RATING
• A fire in the substation MUST not put people at an unacceptable risk. These risks
include the spread of fire, smoke, and interference with means of escape from fire
and smoke.
• All substations incorporated into larger buildings must have a smoke detector
fitted to the door. The detector shall be connected to the fire alarm system in the
main building.
 EARTHING
• Earthing reduces the possibility of stray voltages around the substation. It helps to
protect operating staff and members of thepublic from electric shock.
• There are three main elements that have to be installed during the substation
construction:
 Earthed steel reinforcing mesh in the substation floor.
 Copper earth wires laid as required adjacent to the substation.
 A copper earth mat under the footpath at the substation door.
 SF6 INSTALLATIONS
• For SF6 installations, it is recommended that the building be extended by the
length of one bay for installation and renovation purposes and that a hoist system
with a lifting capacity equal to the heaviest installation components be installed.
• Natural cross-ventilation in above-ground compartments is sufficient to remove
the SF6 gas that escapes because of leakage losses.
 CABLE LAYING
• The bending radius of the cable used should be observed for proper cable layout.
• The covers of the conduits should be fireproof, non-slip and non-rattling and
should not have a raised edge. They must be able to take the weight of transport
vehicles carrying electrical equipment during installation.
• Cable conduits accessible as crawl spaces and cable floors should be at least 1.50
m wide; the overhead clearance should not be less then 1.00 m to allow for any
cable crossings.
• Access and ventilation openings and the required cable accesses must be taken
into account.
THANK YOU !