GERUND AND

INFINITIVES
Naomi Kisto Arti (23030160011)
Tari Putri Utami (23030160016)
Safrida Dewanti (23030160017)
Syariful Wahib (23030160000)
GERUND
Gerund is the –ing form of a verb. It used as a noun. For
example

I enjoy walking in the park

Verb gerund

From this example walking as a gerund. It is used as the object of

the verb enjoy.
Verb + Gerund
Common verbs followed by gerund
Enjoy I enjoy working in my garden
finish Nur finished studying at midnight
Stop It stopped raining a few minutes ago
quit Aziz quit smoking
mind Would you mind opening the window ?
postpone Vina postponed doing her homework
Put off Nurul put off doing her homework
Keep (on) Keep (on) working. Don’t sleep, Zaki
consider Tari considering going to Bali
Think about Syariful thinking about going to Herlina’s house
discuss Regita discussed getting a new shoes
Talk about Lia talked about getting a new job
Negative form not + gerund Safrida considered not going to class
Preposition + Gerund
Þ Is prepotion which folloed by gerund, not an infinitives. For example
:
Kate insisted on coming with us
Prep gerund

Common expession with preposition followed by gerund

Be afraid of (doing feel like look forard to thank (someone)

something) forgive (someone) Be nervous about for
apologize for for plan on Be tired of
believe in Be good at Be responsible on worry about/he
dream about insist of stop (someone) worried about
Be excited about Be interested in for
INFINITIVES
Infinitives is the simple form of a verb used as either a noun,
adjective, or adverb. The verb infinitive is normally preceded by the
word to.

He helped to write the progam = as a noun

Lidya was looking for away to earn money = as an adjective
He shouted to get our attention = as an adverb

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Verb + Infinitives
(+)
Pattern = to + the simple form of a verb

e.g Tom offered to lend me some money

I’ve decided to buy a new car

(-)
Pattern = not + infinitives

e.g I’ve decided not to keep my old car

Common verb followed by infinitives

Want Decide Learn (how)

Expect Seem
Need Promise Try
Plan Appear
Would like Offer (Can’t ) afford
Intend Pretend
Would love Agree (Can’t) wait
Mean Forget
Hope Refuse

e.g I hope to get best score in this examination.

Zaki try to earlier wake up because this is special day.
Verb + Gerund or Infinitives
• Some verb are followed by either a gerund or an infinitives. Usually
there is no different in meaning, like this example
a. It began raining
b. It began to raining

Common verb followed by either gerund or infinitives

Begin Continue Love* Can’t stand

Start Like* Hate

Other information
• Compare using like and love in gerund or infinitives
- I like going/to go to movies
- I love playing/to play chess

• Comparing would like and would love

- I would like to go to a movies tonight
- I would love to play a game of chess right now
Using Gerund as a Subject; It + Infinitives
a. Riding horses is fun
b. It is fun to ride horses

- (a) and (b) have same meaning

- (a) riding as a gerund is subject of the sentence
- (b) It used as the suject of sentence. And has same meaning as
infinitive phrase at the end of sentence.
It + Infinitive : Using For
(Someone)
Pattern : it is + adjective + for (someone) + infinitive phrase

Example:
a. You should study hard
b. It is important for you to study hard
Using Infinitives with TOO and ENOUGH
• Infinitives often follow expression with too. Too comes in front
of adjective. In speaker’s mind, the use of too implies a
negative result.
Pattern : too + adjective + for someone + infinitive
That box is too heavy for me to lift
That box is heavy for Faizal to lift
• Infinitives often follow expression ith enough. Enough can
comes in front of noun, and can follow an adjective.

Pattern 1 : enough + noun + infinitive

I don’t have enough money to buy that car

Pattern 2 : Adjective + Enough + Infinitive

Faizal isn’t old enough to go to school