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PAKASSIGNMENT@GMAIL.COM
ROLE OF
LETTER OF CREDIT
IN
INTERNATIONAL TRADE FINANCE
Prepared By
Muhammad Yasir
MTO (HR)
National Bank of Pakistan
What is a Letter of Credit?
• Document and undertaking issued by a bank
• At the request of the applicant (buyer, importer)
• In favor of a beneficiary (seller, exporter)
• Substitutes the bank’s name and credit risk for
that of the applicant (buyer, importer)
• Guarantees payment of a customer’s draft up to a
stated amount for a specified period
if certain conditions are met
Letter
of Credit Governed by
Summary of a contract UCP 600
between seller and
buyer with the bank(s)
as referee.
WHY HAVE A LETTER OF
CREDIT?
IF I SHIP GOODS,
WILL YOU PAY?
NBP’s FGN
CUSTOMER BANK
IMPORTER CUSTOMER
(Buyer)
CONTRACT EXPORTER
(Seller)
FOREIGN BANK
NBP L/C
(ISSUING BANK) (ADVISING BANK)
(MAY CONFIRM)
IMPORT L/C PROCESSING
DOCUMENT FLOW
FGN
NBP’s
BANK
CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER
IMPORTER
CONTRACT EXPORTER
(Buyer) D
(Seller)
O
C
U
M
E
FOREIGN BANK
NBP
N
L/C T
S
(ISSUING BANK) (ADVISING BANK)
PAYS documents
Export Letter of Credit Process
NATIONAL BANK
located in the Pakistan
Documents
Advising /
Issuing / Opening Bank Confirming Bank
located overseas
Documents
Application
Documents
L/C
Beneficiary
Seller
Goods Exporter
Applicant / Buyer
Importer Contract
TRADE FINANCE
LETTER OF CREDIT DOCUMENTS
KEY ELEMENTS
• AMOUNT
• EXPIRY
• LATEST SHIPMENT DATE
• DOCUMENTS REQUIRED
1 FINANCIAL DOCUMENTS
TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS
2
3 COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS
1 FINANCIAL DOCUMENTS:
• Bill of Exchange
• Promissory Note
• Trust Receipt
• Delivery Order
2 TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS:
• Bill of Lading
• Airway Bill
• Truck Receipt
• Railway Receipt
INVOICE PKG. ORIGIN
INSURANCE
LIST CERT.
3 COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS:
• COMMERCIAL INVOICE
• PACKING LIST
• INSURANCE CERTIFICATE
• CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN
• INSPECTION CERTIFICATE
• WEIGHT NOTE
• CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS
• BLACK LIST CERTIFICATE etc.
Importance of L/C for Exporter
• Dependence on Credit worthiness of a bank
instead of importer