BACKGROUND

GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

As a strategic hub of two continents

GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

Cold war between USA and USSR

GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

Domino theory of Cold War

GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

USSR Operations in Afghanistan

 GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

 To expand their influence in to Middle East and

South Asian region

 To strengthen security along its Southern

borders 
 To Secure an ideologically friendly regime in the
region

 To protect sphere of interests in Afghanistan

 To Influence to the warm waters of Indian and

Atlantic Oceans
 To establish friendly relations with Indian Ocean
states
GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

USA involving with Afghanistan

 GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

 To Takeover foothold in Middle East along with

access.

 To potential control over oil fields in Persian

Gulf.

 To freedom to keep the high seas of Indian and

Atlantic Oceans opens for navigation.

 To protect their vital interests by any means

REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

Afghanistan, Pakistan, India

REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

China against the USSR

REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

India and the USSR

REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

Iran Islamic revolution

REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

Iran to protect the Persian Gulf

REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
REGIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT

Expansion of USSR
CAUSES FOR INSURGENCY
 CAUSES FOR INSURGENCY

Afghanistan
insurgency

internal External Objective Subjective

 CAUSES FOR INSURGENCY

People’s democratic party of Afghanistan

 CAUSES FOR INSURGENCY

Soviet Afghan troops in Counter Insurgency campaign

CAUSES FOR INSURGENCY

USA pressurize the Soviet Union

CAUSES FOR INSURGENCY