”Propelling Electric vehicles in India”

11.02.2020
Kiran kumar sara
 Contents :

 Indian Automobile Industry –Overview

 Electric Vehicles Policy structure

 Evs in India –Towards Mission 2030

 EV supply Chain and R& D in india

 Key Challenges

 Framework for making Electric vehicles

 Globally Why Everyone EV?
Advancement in Renewable
energy

 Advancements in Solar Power with 20 % improvement

year on year Advancement in Battery
chemistries.
 Reduction in Lithium ion battery costs globally

 Rise in Global temperature leads to reduction in use of Climate change -30% global
fossil fuels and its associated emissions. warming emission reduction
 Current status of the Indian Auto Industry
35,000,000 Indian Automobile Industry Production
309.15 lakhs (nos)
30,000,000 8% YOY
 India Indian Automobile industry is currently the 5th largest in the
world and is set to take over as the 3rd largest automobile industry by 25,000,000
2030
20,000,000 Two Wheelers
 The industry accounts for 7.1% of the country's Gross Domestic Three Wheelers
Product (GDP) 15,000,000 Commercial Vehicles
 prominent auto exporter and has strong export growth expectations for Passenger Vehicles
10,000,000
the near future.
 More than 60 OEMS with more than 115 Manufacturing Plans 5,000,000

0
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
30,000,000
Indian Automobile Industry Sales 262.67 lakhs (nos)
25,000,000 8% YOY
Passenger 2 3 Commercial
Vehicles Wheelers wheelers Vehicles Tractors 20,000,000
Two Wheelers
Number of OEMs 15,000,000 Three Wheelers
Commercial Vehicles
17 13 7 12 17
10,000,000 Passenger Vehicles
No. of Manufacturing units
5,000,000
31 23 7 34 20
0
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
 Why so much Interest in EVs
INR-Crore -
I
 India Import bill for Petroleum Products increased 48x N
881,282
864,875 R
times since FY 96-97
784,652

 In terms of import quantity we have raised from 36.9 to 672,220

687,416

228.6 million tonne in last 21 years

566,450

 India - the world third largest crude oil consumer 455,276

470,251

416,579
375,277
348,304

272,699 Increase in I import

48 x
219,029 bill
171,702
130,000
Of Petroleum
85,042 93,159 products
65,932
40,028
18,337 15,872 19,907 8,116
1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 2005- 2006- 2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014- 2015- 2016- 2017- 2018-
97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Why so much Interest in EVs
 According to WHO Global Air pollution Database

 India Ranks as 3rd Largest Carbon emitting country in the

14
Out of the 20 most
world accounting for 6% of global carbon dioxide emissions polluted cities of the
from fuel combustion world are in India

 Electric vehicles could reduce our Co2 emissions by 37%

36% Of Nox emissions in Delhi

were due to vehicles

20% Of PM2.5 emissions in

Delhi were due to vehicles
Why India ?
Economic crisis
because of oil pollution emissions Cost Effective
import

Today , India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world,

but its increasing dependency on oil imports , rising environmental
concerns and growing need for sustainable mobility solutions are
posing serious economic and social challenges for the country.
Political structure involved in EV policy planning
Prime Minister’s Office

NITI Ayog *

Ministry of Heavy Ministry of Ministry of

industries & Ministry of Department
Power& Ministry of Roads &
Public Enterprises Urban Science &
(Department of Renewable Finance National
Development Technology
heavy Industries) Energy Highways

The Ministry has

Was Earlier the This Ministry was
now been brought This Ministry has
sole ministry Key Minister being brought in the This Department
into the been roped in by
dealing with Auto involved by the mission by the was roped in by
mainstream for the NITI Ayog to
Industry and its NITI Ayog to fund NITI Ayog to NITI Ayog to set
EVs by NITI Ayog develop city level
policies various initiatives frame certain out the
and is one of the programs and to
in the policies and specifications for
key drivers for the include EVs and
DHI had set out transformative incentives for the various aspects
EV Push in India EV infrastructure
the earlier FAME mobility mission EVs in terms lane related to EVs and
through their in the smart cities
policy for EVs in for India access , Parking EV Charging
PSU’s like NTPC , program
India infra etc
POSOCO, EESL
*NITI Ayog – National Institution for Transformation Initiatives
Key Milestones in EV Policies in India
02 MNRE 08 NEMP :
INCENTIVE Aims to achieve national
SCHEME FOR EV : fuel security by promoting
04 FAME Policy : hybrid and electric vehicles
was withdrawn in Launched in April
March 2012 to be in the country . It has set
2015- Faster 06 NITI AYOG ambition of 6-7 million
introduced as Adoption and :ROADMAP
NEMMP 2012 but sales of hybrid and electric
2005 2012 Manufacturing 2015 Transformative vehicles YOY on 2020
no incentives were
given till FAME was
(Hybrid & electric September
Mobility 2019 onwards
vehicles) solutions for all
introduced

01 First Automotive
Mission Plan 2006-
03 NEMMP 05 Second 07 FAME II :
2016 Launched:
Huge Push towards 2010 2020 : 2015 Automotive
2017
FAME Scheme
2020
National Electric Mission: with a outlay
making India the April
Mobility Mission Plan 2016-26 of Rs.10,000 Cr
global hub for small Launched for a period of
2020 launched.
cars and quality 3 years
EV industry got
auto components commencing
a major policy
boost from 1st Apr,
2019
 NITI AYOG –Electric Mobility Plan
• NEMMP targets were supported by fiscal incentives
of 795 cr through FAME scheme
India has witnessed four demand • As a part of govt investments for demand creation
aggregation modes:
• EESL Led Demand aggregation
A are provided to buyers ,which can avail at the time of
purchase
• PSU City administrators led FAME - II • The scheme focusing on City level public sector fleet
• Private sector led Demand electrification
• City –led under FAME program Creation
• Traffic categories , standards , F
business models etc.

• Tata power and • To Facilitate city level

Mahindra Smart Cities developments 100 Smart
B
collaboration with MH
state
ELECTRIC AMRUT and
light house
cities, 500 AMRUT cities and 1
Light city approved by govt .
• PGCIL collaborated
Public –
with L&T Hyderabad Private MOBILITY • 1 lakh crore Investment for
urban development
Metro rail to setup Sector
charging stations E Alliances
• FORTUM and IOCL
collaborate to setup
• Ministry of power declared EV charging as a
charging infrastructure
in Hyderabad . etc service rather than a sale of electricity ,facilitating
the private sector participation
• MoP is drafting a policy on charging
Infrastructure covering technological, regulatory
Tax Initiatives to promote fully electric vehicles : Charging C and implementations aspects.
• GST Reduction on fuel cell vehicles : 28% to 12% to 5% Evolving Tax •
•
Infrastructure Statuary bodies BEE, CEA,CERC,SERC are enabling
GST reduction on Li-ion Battery : 28% to 18% Regime the sector by exploring safety provisions, tariff
• Hybrid vehicles : peak rate of 28% +a cess of 15% categories,standards,business models ,etc..
D
 Electric Vehicle Mission Towards 2030
 India has committed to cutting its carbon Emissions intensity by 30 to 35% below 2005 levels by 2030

 Aims to sell 6-7 million hybrid and electric vehicles from 2020 onwards.

 Over the last decade ,advances in wind and solar energy generation technologies have drastically reduced their cost &
introduced the possibility of clean , low carbon & inexpensive grids.

 India proposes to add 175 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2020 and to achieve 40% of its electricity generation
from non-fossil sources by the same year.

 Implementation plans for electric vehicles -NITI Ayog led panel recommended :
• E- powered 3 wheelers from Apr 2023
• 2 wheelers (upto 150 cc) from Apr 2025
• 4 wheelers (commercial use ) – from Apr 2026.

 In battery , India needs a minimum of 10 Gwh of cells by 2022 ,which would be expanded to about 50 Gwh by 2025
Current Scenario : EV Supply chain and R&D in India
Components of EV Supply chain

Electric Vehicle manufacturing

Lithium Ion Batteries

Electric Motors

Chargers

Charging Network Operators

Post Sales Support

Recycling
Overview on Battery Segment
 Automotive Sector accounts for 60% of the 80.5 mn Battery Unit Market
 Market is currently ruled by Lead Acid batteries

 There are close to 2500 odd players making batteries in

india in lead acid market ,could be close to to another
8% 10,000 odd small and unorganised players in the
market
12%
Automotive  Market dominated by two key players : Exide Industries
UPS and Amara raja
60% Telecom
20%  Battery market is a INR 177 billion industry.
Others
 In terms of types of battery :
• EMF batteries account for 67% market
• VRLA batteries account for 31 % market
• Low maintenance batteries account for 2%
market
Overview on Battery Segment
 India is a New Market for Lithium Ion or Other Advanced Batteries Market
 Li-Ion batteries today use Firm Name Key Announcement Detail
• Lithium, Cobalt, Manganese, Nickel and Graphite
• India does not have much of the mines for any these Reliance Plans to enter in Lithium ion battery production business – Looking at a
• 70% cell costs due to material Industries large factory that would produce Li-Ion batteries of 25 GWh Capacity
• Import bill could sky-rocket if we import all the materials: India
may need up to 25GWh per year by 2025
Suzuki/Toshib Suzuki announced it will invest Rs 1,500 Cr together with Japanese
partners Toshiba and Denso Corp to set up battery facility in Gujarat .JV
BHEL plans to make batteries in india using the lithium technology a/Denso will make batteries for Maruti suzuki and export for Suzuki
developed by ISRO

Nations largest fuel supplier, is developing batteries and other

IOCL technology for energy storage applications. Acc to Economic times, IOC
Cell to pack is mainly focusing on lead acid also on Li-ion Battery chemistries.
30 manufacturing
40% %~ Exicom
Exicom , a telecom infrastructure , has been in the Li-ion Battery
35 Cell Industries Ltd business since 2013 ,planning to increase its manufacturing capacity to
1 GWh
Manufacturing
% Mahindra
Raw Materials and
Mahindra
Partnered with LG Chem to develop cells exclusively for India.

Other firms Adani,Hero Electric,Panasonic,Exide Batteries,Amara Raja and Many

30% other interest in getting into Li-ion Batteries
Value Chain for Lithium Ion Batteries

Component Cell Module Pack Vehicle Recycle &

Production Assembly Use Recycling
Production Production Integration

Manufacture of Production and Configuration Installation of Integration of Use During Battery reuse;
anode and assembly of of cells into modules the battery specified in- deconstructio
cathode active single cells larger together with pack into the vehicle n and
materials , binder, modules that systems that vehicle battery cleaning
electrolyte, and include some manage structure lifetime preparatory
separator electronic power ,including the to recycling
management ,charging and battery-car of materials
temperature interface and
(connectors,p components
lugs,mounts)
Overview on Motor and Charger Segment:
EV Manufact
Component ures Name Key Notes

 15 Suppliers Currently Supplying EV chargers in Motor

Borg They have a Technology which has already received good response in
Chinese market.
Warner
India In india , the company will Invest locally when the demand picks up .
They plan to sell technology to other customers as well .
Motor Hitachi Honda announced JV with Hitachi to design, develop, manufacture motors
 4 wheelers –AC chargers –RRT Electro power , for future EVs

Chennai ; Mass tech controls , Mumbai
;EXICOM New delhi .
 5-6 Key Global firms eyeing the EV chargers
market closely
Motor BHEL Signed a agreement with Ashok Leyland and Tata motors for developing a
propulsion system for buses.
Signed a Agreement with Sanmina Corporation.
Chargers Ather Grid Manufacturers Slow AC Home chargers for their e-bikes
Manufacturers fast DC chargers for their public charging stations
Running Pilot with Nine OEM’s
Chargers ABB Installed 50KW fast charger in NITI Aayog’s Premises
Plans to setup 4,500 charging stations in India

 Firms like ABB ,Delta India, Schneider India . Installed AC and DC charger in the Mop’s office , Delhi
Company will supply 1,080 AC chargers of 3.3 Kw and 100 DC fast chargers
Chargers Exicom
of 15 KW , which will used to charge Tata Motors Tigor and Mahindra &
Mahindra E verito cars
Delta Plans to make US $ million Investment in India
Chargers
Electronics Installs First 15KW DC fast charger in Maharashtra
India BHEL and Delta to supply 100 DC chargers under EESL tender

Chargers Other SBD Green Energy and Infra,Analogies Tech India,EVI technologies,Imperial
Engineering,Ornate Agenicies, RRT electro Power,Siemens , VIN
Firms semiconductors
 Commonly used Raw Material in Electric vehicles

Car body
Power electronics
·High-strength steel
·Copper
·Aluminum
·Aluminium
·Carbon fire
·Plastic

Lithium-ion battery
·Anode — graphite
Electric motor
·Cathode — lithium plus
manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron,
aluminum (depending on type) ·Magnet — iron plus neodymium,
·Electronics — copper dysprosium and praseodymium,
·Casing and cooling system — steel, (depending on type)
·Windings — copper
aluminum
·Other parts — steel, aluminium
Impact of EV component in Automotive supply Chain
ICE Components

EV Motor
 Impact of EV component in Automotive supply Chain
Bad
Neutral
Good

 Components  Services  Components  Services  Components  Services

• Engine • Unorganised • Air Conditioners • Insurance • Batteries • Electronic
• Fuel tanks service stations • Breaking system • Financing • Electric Motors component
• Gear Box • Etc. • Steering System • Painting • Controllers services
• Fuel Pumps • Chassis • Denting • Cooling Systems • Battery
• Seats • Etc. • Chargers replacement
 Consumables • Headlights • Microprocessors and recycle
• Oils & Lubricants • Inverters • Charging
• Filters  Consumables • DC-DC network
• Car Accessories converters operators
• Wire Harness • Etc.

 Consumables
• Wire and Plugs

 With EV market Uptake it is also expected to boost demand of Raw Materials Aluminium, Copper, Carbon Fibre & Lithium
Upcoming EV Manufactures in different segments
Emflux Motors Lohia Auto Omega seiki mobility
Ather energy Eco dynamics equipment's Cell Propulsion

Tork Motorcycles Storm Motors Xxplore Automotive

Ultraviolent Automotive PI beam labs Blu smart
22 motors Hriman Motors LLB Ola electric mobility
Voltex Spero ION energy ONN Bikes
Volta Motor Rotomag Elec Torq Technologies
Amphere Vehicles Sun mobility PI Beam labs
Guru Energy TVS Okra Energies
Hero Electric ATI Motors Amplify mobility
UltraMotors Autolite India Limited Treo(M&M)
Menza Motors Altigreen Propulsion labs E-Verito(M&M)
Gayam motor works EVRE Mobycy
Kinetic green energy EVI Technologies Smart E
Key Automobile Players in India & their EV Strategy
 Zoom car Partners with Mahindra Electric to offer self drive EV cars in
mumbai,Hyderabad,Mysore
 LG Chem is Mahindra Electric Lithium Battery Technology partner
 esupro (e2o  Signs an MoU with Government of mahrastra for EV manufacturer and
deployment.
plus vertio)  Partnered with OLS for Nagpur pilot
 New EV SUV models to be launched soon
 Investment planned in next four years in INR 900 Crores

 Has signed a MOU with government of Maharastra to deploy EV and setup

charging Infrastructure
 Tigor  Tata Motors to setup charging Infrastructure with the help of Tata powers
 Entry Market strategy : conversion design
 Plans to deploy 1,000 Evs that includes both commercial and passengers
vehicles
 EESL Phase-I 1,250 cars production completed
 Lowest cost bidder in EESL tender to procure 10,000 Evs.
 Work on More than a dozen EV solution is in progress
 Cars are manufactured exclusively for EESL .for Public ,to be launched soon

 Kona  Will Import first Evs as completely Knocked down (CKD)units and assemble
them at Chennai plants
Key Automobile Players in India & their EV Strategy
 In September 2017, Suzuki announced partnership with Denso and Toshiba for
Lithium Battery Technology.
 In Nov 2017 , Partnered with Toyota Motor Corp to benefits from its electric car
- None (First technology for Indian Market
 Plan to Invest US $14.5 Billion for the development of EV technology
Expected EV is  The company is yet to commercially launch its EV
by 2020  Plans to install charging stations in collaboration with its dealers and business
dealers
 Plans to manufacture 35,000 units by 2020-21
 Conducting Market surveys for Customer preference

 General Motors and Honda announced an agreement for new advanced

chemistry battery components, including the cell and the module.
- None  Launched Evs in the US and Europe in 2017
 No plans to launch Evs in India soon.
 Honda revealed electric power packs to charge cars and scooter .User can swap
the batteries as well

 E.ON and Nissan formed a strategic partnership focusing on EV charging

,vehicle to grid (V2G) services and distributed renewables plus storage systems
 Three Battery manufacturing plants
 Nissan Leaf  Nissan leaf is the highest selling electric cars in the world
 Plans to import complete units in initial years
 EV Testing Landscape
Standards Global Category Standards Descriptions and Coverage Global
Category Descriptions and Coverage Adopted Equivalent
Adopted Equivalent
Include characteristics and operating conditions of the supply
AIS 138 Part
device and the connection to the vehicle ; operators and third -
1 party electrical safety and the characteristics to be compiled IEC 61851
Electric Power Train Vehicles Construction and Functional AC Charging
Safety Requirements. It specifies the construction and System with by the vehicle with respect to the EVSE - AC , only when
UN ECE the EV is earthed
AIS 038 functional Safety Requirements FOR L , M and N categories R100
of electric power train vehicles as defined in Rule 2(u) of
Central Motor Vehicles rules (CMVR).
This standard gives the requirements or DC electric vehicle (EV)
EVSE charging stations, for conductive connection to the vehicle,
AIS 138 Part with an AC or DC input voltage up to 1000 V AC and up to 1500
Electrical Power Train Vehicles - <Measurement of Electrical II V DC. This standard provides the general requirements for the
AIS 039 Energy Consumption. UN R101 CD Charging control communications between a DC EV charging station and
System an EV . The requirements for digital communication between
Electric DC EV charging station and electric vehicle for control of DC
Vehicle AIS 040 Electric Power Train Vehicles - Measurement of Electrical UN R101 Charging are defined in this document.
Energy Consumption
 
Electrical power train vehicles Measurement of Net Power
AIS 041 UN ECE R85
and the Maximum 30 Minute Power
 Specifications of charging options identified :

Electric Power Train Vehicles - CMVR Type Approval for Typical Charging
Electric Power Train Vehicles. This standard prescribes the Standard Power level
AIS 049   Time
applicability of CM VR rules and corresponding standards 2W 3W 4W Bus
for electric power train vehicles  
1.25 KWh 3 KWh 15 KWh 100KWh
Slow AC Bharat Charger AC-001 3.3 KW 1-5 hour 1-5 hour 5-8 Hour NA
Fast AC Type-2 AC Min 22 KW NA NA ~35 min NA
Slow DC Bharat Charger AC-001 15 KW 0.5-1 hour 45 mins ~50 min NA
Battery Operated Vehicles - Safety Requirements of Traction Fast AC CCS-2/CHAdeMO Min 50KW NA NA ~15 min 1-2 hour
Batteries. This Standard requires tests like electric tests IEC 60254
Battery AIS 048 (short circuit tests, overcharge tests ) and mechanical tests IS 13514 High Power
CCS-2/CHAdeMO Min 100 KW NA NA NA 0.5-1 hour
(Vibration, shock, Roll over test and peneration test). Fast DC
Key Challenges in Indian Market
01
01 Inadequate charging infrastructure

02
Reliable on battery imports & imported
02
components , parts.

03
03 Range anxiety among consumers

04
04 High price of EVs currently

05
05 Inadequate electricity supply
in parts of India

Policies are still in the making and due

06
06
to multiple stakeholders,
it may take a while before
 Framework for Electric Vehicles & making Economically
Viable

Transforming Auto-Ancillaries

Policy for Charging /Swapping

Infrastructure

Battery Cells , Packs & Materials

Import Duty ,Taxes &
Make in India Research & Development &
Technologies

Providing charging
Infrastructure
Thank You