RMNCH

Reproductive,
Maternal,Child and
New Born Health
 BRIEF OVERVIEW
(WHO, WHY AND WHAT) AND HOW
Introduction to reproductive, maternal, newborn
and child health

Who does it include?

Why there is more concern?

Why.... we should think- as Health Managers?

Initiatives, Methods and Programmes

 INTRODUCTION TO RMNCH
 RMNCH looks to address the major causes of
mortality among women and children as well
as the delays in accessing and utilizing health
care and services.
 What we call it as RMNCH+A as per National
Health Mission, Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare launched in 2013

Source:

http://164.100.154.238/nrhm-components/rmnch-a
.html
 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
 Reproductive health deals with
the reproductive processes, functions and
system at all stages of life.
 International Conference on Population and
Development held in 1994 in Cairo
highlighted the definition of reproductive
health in :
 Role of women in determining family size
 Concept of sexual and reproductive health
WHO AND WHAT DOES IT
INCLUDE?
 Reproductive Health includes men
and women, older people, youths and
includes sexuality education, sexually
transmitted disease, health issues
related to child bearing family
planning and safe sex.
WHY THERE IS MORE CONCERN?
Men and women suffer silently in relation to
their Reproductive Health due to :

Cultural Sensitivity

Ignorance

Fear and Embarrassment

Gender Issues
 ROOT CAUSES
Poor knowledge of anatomy &
physiology

Very few women are aware of

menstruation prior to its onset

Deliveries conducted by dais, family

members

Discouragement from husbands for

contraceptives usage and preferred abortion
as a contraceptive method

Extra marital sex for men- an

accepted fact
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ISSUES- AN EXAMPLE
WHAT WE CAN THINK AS A HEALTH
MANAGER?
(AWARENESS, POLICY,
PROGRAMMES)

Women empowerment

Usage of contraceptive devices (No gender specific)

Importance of men’s responsibility (responsible sex,

mutual respect, share the caring of the child by the
father as well)
Information and education – no gender specific
(physiological change during puberty, STDs, AIDS
MATERNAL HEALTH
 Maternal health
refers to the health
of the mother
 Acc. to Indian
culture mother is the
foundation of the
family and children
are the future of the
country.
FACTS AND FIGURES
 According to WHO, everyday,
approximately 830 women die from
preventable causes related to
pregnancy.
 MMR in developing countries in 2015
was 239 per 100000 live births v/s 12
per 100000 live births in developed
countries.
COMMON CAUSES OF MATERNAL
DEATHS IN INDIA

34% 37% Haemorrahage

Sepsis
Hypertensive
Disorder
Obstructed labour
Complications of
abortion
8% Other disorders
11%
5%
5%
https://www.slideshare.net/krishnagar90/maternal-and-child-health-
care-services
MATERNAL HEALTH PROBLEMS
Nutritional problems

Infection problems

Disturbances and menstruation

Abortions

Infertility

Complications of deliveries
MATERNAL HEALTH POLICIES
 Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
 Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
(JSSK)
 National Iron+ Initiative
 Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana
(PMMVY)
 Implementation of preconception and
prenatal diagnostic techniques
(PC&PNDT) Act
NEONATAL HEALTH
 Neonatal means
“newborn” or the first
28 days of life

 Newborn babies who

need intensive medical
attention are often
admitted into a special
area of the hospital
called
the Neonatal Intensive 
Care Unit (NICU)
NEONATAL MORTALITY..
WHY????
 It is the neonatal deaths per 1000 live
births and is the death during first 28
days of life

Severe
Infections Asphyxia

Indirect
Preterm causes
(demograp
birth hic risk
factors)
NEONATAL MORTALITY..CALCULATING
THE INDICATOR
 The formula to calculate the Neonatal
Mortality Rate (NMR)

Source: 2009 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC (www.jbpub.com)

WAY FORWARD/CARE
FACILITIES
 Essential newborn
care for health
professionals
 Home based
newborn care
 Strengthening of
health facilities
 Janani Suraksha
Yojana (JSY): To
promote institutional
deliveries
 CHILD HEALTH
 Refers to
development of
child since its
conception till
the adolescence
 Broad area-
immunization,
safety concerns,
nutrition and
personal hygiene
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LEADING CAUSES OF CHILD
MORTALITY (GLOBALLY)

https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/en/
PREVENTION- CHILD MORTALITY

Early identification

Improving maternal nutrition

Promote breastfeeding

Immunization for all vaccine preventable diseases

Promoting proper sanitation and safe drinking water

Promoting healthy dietary habits and lifestyle

TARGETED CHILDHOOD
MORBIDITY POLICIES
Child Survival and Safe Motherhood
(CSSM)

Reproductive and Child Health Phase-

1

Integrated Management of Neonatal

and Child Illnesses

Janani Suraksha Yojana

India Newborn Action Plan

 CONCLUSION
 Government and NGOs are taking various initiatives
to decrease infant mortality rate and maternal
mortality rate.
 Increase nutritional value among the children by
various programs like POSHAN, Special nutrition
programme(SNP), World food program etc.
 Various campaigns related to pregnancy care,
menstrual hygeine, post-natal care and vaccine
programs.
 But we as a health managers should always find
ways to control and benefit the maternal and child
health in our respective areas so as to avoid any
mishap and lead to a better India
PRESENTED BY:-
 Mr. Shrinath Mishra
 Mr. Shubham Sehrawat
 Mrs. Shubhangi Pathak
 Ms. Simran Mehrotra
 Mr. Sivanand Patnaik
 Ms. Sneha Gupta
 Ms. Sneha Khurana
 Ms. Srishti Singh
 Ms. Sunita Godara
 NK
HA
T OU
Y