Phenomenological Research and

Grounded Theory
Phenomenology
definitions.

Phenomenology is aimed to interpret our

social action and the other people. It tries
to reveal the meaning of a concept or
phenomenon of experience based on
awareness that occurs in some individuals.
In the phenomenology, It tries to seek the
meaning as psychology in an individual
experience towards a phenomenon through
an in-depth research in the context of the
daily life of the subject under study.
The Purpose of
Phenomenologycal Research

The purpose of
phenomenological research is to
reduce the individual experience
of a phenomenon into a
decription that explains the
universal essence of the
phenomenon. Phenomenologists
try to understand the essence of
Types of Phenomenologycal
Research

 Descriptive or Hermenutical
Phenomenology.

“It refers to the study of personal

experience and requires a description
or interpretation of the meanings of
phenomena experienced by
participants in an investigation.”
 Eidetic (essence) or transcendental
phenomenology .

“It analyzes the essences perceived

by consciousness with regard to
individual experiences.”
 Egological.

“It refers to the analysis of the self

as a conscious entity. This type of
phenomenology appeals to universal
consciousness.”
Sample and Data Collection
Strategy
 Sample  Purposive Sampling
“Purposive sampling is characterized by
the incorporation of specific criteria”

 Data Collection  Profound Interview

“The researcher provides a space of
aperture for the informants to express
their experiences in detail and also
approaching reality as faithfully as
possible.”
Data Analysis in
Phenomenology
Phenomenologycal
Analysis
Grounded Theory
The Definition of Grounded
Theory.
A Grounded Theory design is
systematic and qualitative procedure
that explain about an educational
process or events, activities, actions,
and interactions that occur over time.

The goal is to inductively build a

theory about a practice or
phenomenon using interviews and
observation as the primary data
collection tools.
Developing Grounded
Theory
1. The closeness of the fit between the theory
and the data.
2. How readily understandable the theory is
by the lay people that working on the field.
3. The ability of the theory to e general to a
‘multitude of diverse daily situations within
the substantive area, not just the specific
type of situation.
4. The theory must allow ‘partial control over
the structure and process of daily
situations as they change through time’. It
must enable the person who uses it to
make its application worth trying.
Types of Grounded Theory

The Systematic Design

A systematic design in grounded

theory emphasizes the use of data
analysis steps of open coding, axial
coding, and selective coding, and the
development of a logic paradigm or a
visual picture of the theory generated.
 The Emerging Theory

The emerging theory in grounded

research design, let a theory
emerge from the data rather than
using specific, preset categories,
and also the focus is on
connecting categories but also
emerging theory, not just
describing the categories.
The Constructivist Design

The constructivist study mentions

the beliefs and values of the
researcher and eschews
predetermined categories, such
as those found in Axial Coding.
The Key Characteristics of
Grounded Theory

1. Process Approach
2. Theoretical Sampling
3. Constant Comparative Data
Analysis
4. A Core Category
5. Theory Generation
6. Memo
Steps to Conduct Grounded
Theory
1. Decide if grounded theory
research design is best addresses.
2. Identify a process to study.
3. Seek approval and access.
4. Conduct Theoretical Sampling
5. Code the Data
6. Use selective coding and develop
the theory.
7. Validating your Theory