An engineering drawing, a type

of technical drawing, which is

used to fully and clearly define
requirements for engineered
items with scales.

Engineering drawing example

 All Drawings

Artistic Technical

Sketches Diagrams Drawings

(conceptual) (design & technical) (technical/engineering)

simulated perspective

Diagram Diagram
Oblique Isometric Multi view
(design plan) (technical) orthographic
projection projection

Less technical More technical

• When any idea comes in
your mind, you draw a
simple or rough drawing
of the object without
using any drawing
instruments or tolls and
this is called a conceptual
sketch.
• Helps as a reference to workers, technicians or
architects.

• Easy to understand : Since a picture is easiest

method than thousand words, a technical drawing is
a much more effective tool for engineers than a
written plan.

• Engineering drawings is used in all engineering

fields, including, but not limited to, civil engineering,
electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and
architecture.
• Sketch: made without drafting tools... Just pencil and
paper. Scale is approximate, not accurate, but the
sketch should still look like the object.
• Engineering Drawing: Made with drafting tools...
Ruler, set squares, protractor and compass. Scale
should be accurate and the drawing carefully made.
• If straight lines are drawn from various points on
the contour (A contour line is a imaginary line
which connects points of equal elevation) of an
object to meet a plane, the object is said to be
projected on that plane.
• The figure formed by joining, in correct sequence,
the points at which these lines meet the plane, is
called the projection of the object.
• The lines from the object to the plane are called
projectors.
• Orthographic projection
• Isometric projection
• Orthographic Projection is a way of drawing an
3D object from different directions.
• Usually a front, side and plan view are drawn so
that a person looking at the drawing can see all
the important sides.
• Orthographic drawings are useful especially
when a design has been developed to a stage
whereby it is almost ready to manufacture.
OBJECT
• As shown in the earlier slide, if an observer at
position ‘A’  moves to infinity, the projectors to
his eyes becomes parallel to the object and he
observes the same shape and size as that of the
object. The view so formed is known as the
orthographic projection.
• Similarly, the parallel projectors shall form the
pictures on the respective picture planes from
the positions B and C.
• Isometric projection is a method for visually representing three-
dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering
drawings
• Isometric drawings consist of two-dimensional drawings that are
tilted at some angle to expose other views and give the viewer the
illusion that what he or she is viewing is a three-dimensional drawing.
Orthographic Isometric

Used for : Drafting, maps, floor Used for : Conceptual sketches,

plans technical drawings (sometimes)
Technical drawings, drafting,
conceptual sketches (sometimes)

Orthographic is a set of 3 Plane Isometric is a 3-D sketch

Projections
• Diagrams are simplified versions of a drawing.
Diagrams show how an object works, not
necessarily how it looks.
• Diagrams often use symbols rather than actual
pictures to represent things.
– Doesn’t show what the circuit looks like, but tells
an electrician how its all connected.