20 CENTURY

TH

ARCHITECTURE
MODERN ARCHITECTURE
BACKGROUND

RAPID
ECONOMIC URBANIZATIO
DEVELOPMEN N INCREASED
T

ARCHITECTU ADVANCE IN
RE WAS TECHNOLOGY
AFFECTED BY CUES FOR
POLITICAL NEW
AND ARTISTIC
ECONOMIC FORM SPACE
EVENTS AND TIME
 MODERNISM FEATURES OF
(MODERNIST MODERN
ARCHITECTUR ARCHITECTUR
E) E

Little or no
Emphasizes
ornamentatio
function
n

Attempts to
provide
Factory made
specific needs
parts
rather than
imitate nature

Manmade
materials
such as metal
and concrete

Rebellion on
traditional
styles
 STRUCTURALISM
based on the idea that all things are built from a
system of signs. STRUCTURE IS MORE
IMPORTANT THAN FUNCTION.

CONSTRUCTIVISM
Combined engineering and technology with political
ideology.
Most famous work of constructivist architecture was
never actually built.

FORMALISM
Emphasizes form
Shape is the focus of attention
Lines and rigid geometric shape dominate formalism

DE STIJL
Abstraction, precision, geometry, striving
towards artistic purity and austerity, studying
the laws of nature
EUROPEAN SPACE CENTRE
ESTEC
 STRUCTURALISM
based on the idea that all things are built from a
system of signs. STRUCTURE IS MORE
IMPORTANT THAN FUNCTION.

CONSTRUCTIVISM
Combined engineering and technology with political
ideology.
Most famous work of constructivist architecture was
never actually built.

FORMALISM
Emphasizes form
Shape is the focus of attention
Lines and rigid geometric shape dominate formalism

DE STIJL
Abstraction, precision, geometry, striving towards
artistic purity and austerity, studying the laws of nature
Tatlin’s tower
Russian architect Vladimir Tatlin
launched the constructivist
movement when he proposed the
futuristic, glass and steel Tatlin’s
tower
 STRUCTURALISM
based on the idea that all things are built from a
system of signs. STRUCTURE IS MORE
IMPORTANT THAN FUNCTION.

CONSTRUCTIVISM
Combined engineering and technology with political
ideology.
Most famous work of constructivist architecture was
never actually built.

FORMALISM
Emphasizes form
Shape is the focus of attention
Lines and rigid geometric shape dominate formalism

DE STIJL
Abstraction, precision, geometry, striving towards
artistic purity and austerity, studying the laws of nature
BANK OF CHINA TOWER

Archirect Ieoh Ming Pei has been

praised “for the elegant
formalism” of his Bank of China
tower
 STRUCTURALISM
based on the idea that all things are built from a
system of signs. STRUCTURE IS MORE
IMPORTANT THAN FUNCTION.

CONSTRUCTIVISM
Combined engineering and technology with political
ideology.
Most famous work of constructivist architecture was
never actually built.

FORMALISM
Emphasizes form
Shape is the focus of attention
Lines and rigid geometric shape dominate formalism

DE STIJL
Abstraction, precision, geometry, striving towards
artistic purity and austerity, studying the laws of nature
The
Rietveld
Schröder
House
 BAUHAUS
German expression meaning House for building
Based on functionalism and simplicity

THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE

Term often used to describe Bauhaus architecture in
the United States

BRUTALISM
Rugged reinforced concrete
Heavy and angular: can be constructed quickly and
economically.

MINIMALISM
Also know as Reductivist design meaning tending to
reduce to a minimum or to simplify in an extreme
way.
Architect Walter Gropius used
Bauhaus ideas when he built
his monochrome home in
Lincoln Massachusetts.
 BAUHAUS
German expression meaning House for building
Based on functionalism and simplicity

THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE

Term often used to describe Bauhaus architecture in
the United States

BRUTALISM
Rugged reinforced concrete
Heavy and angular: can be constructed quickly and
economically.

MINIMALISM
Also know as Reductivist design meaning tending to
reduce to a minimum or to simplify in an extreme
way.
WILLIAMS TOWER (Formerly the Transco
Tower)
Architect: Philip Johnson and John Burgee

One of the world’s most tallest building not

in a central business district.
 BAUHAUS
German expression meaning House for building
Based on functionalism and simplicity

THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE

Term often used to describe Bauhaus architecture in
the United States

BRUTALISM
Rugged reinforced concrete
Heavy and angular: can be constructed quickly and
economically.

MINIMALISM
Also know as Reductivist design meaning tending to
reduce to a minimum or to simplify in an extreme
way.
The Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Residence
 BAUHAUS
German expression meaning House for building
Based on functionalism and simplicity

THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE

Term often used to describe Bauhaus architecture in
the United States

BRUTALISM
Rugged reinforced concrete
Heavy and angular: can be constructed quickly and
economically.

MINIMALISM
Also know as Reductivist design meaning tending to
reduce to a minimum or to simplify in an extreme
way.
Minimalist Luis
Barragan
House
FAMOUS MODERN ARCHITECTS

LOUIS HENRY SULLIVAN

• FATHER OF SKYSCRAPERS
• PROPHET OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

• Considered as the greatest architect of
all time.
• Never went to a formal school

FRANK GEHRY
• Deconstructive forms
• The most important architect of our age
(Vanity Fair)
CHARLES-ÉDOUARD
JEANNERET

“By Law all Buildings shall

be white”