HEART

LOCATION OF THE HEART IN

THE THORAX
HEART
 It is a conical hollow, muscular organ situated in
the middle mediastinum.
 weight is about : 250-300gms
 It is enclosed within the pericardium
PERICARDIUM
MEDIASTINUM
 EXTERNAL FEATURES
 4 chamber :- Rt. and Left Atria
Rt. And Left ventricles
 Apex = formed by the left Ventricle
EXTERNAL FEATURES
GROOVE OR SULCI- IN ANTERIOR VIEW
GROOVE OR SULCI- IN POSTERIOR VIEW

Interatrial sulcus
RIGHT ATRIUM
 Receive venous blood from whole body,
pumps it to the RV through Rt.
atrioventricular or tricuspid opening.
CONDUCTING SYSTEM OF THE HEART
INTERNAL FEATURES OF RIGHT ATRIUM
VENTRICLE
Trabeculae carneae of 3
parts
-Ridges or fixed elevations
-Bridges
-Pillars or papillary muscles(
ant., post. and septal)
-Chorda tendinae
LEFT ATRIUM- 4 PULM. VEINS OPENS ON POST.WALL
VESSELS OF THE HEART
 VALVES OF THE HEART
 maintain unidirectional flow of the
blood and prevent regurgitation

2 pairs of valves:

1. Atrioventricular valves:
Rt. atrioventricular valves k/as
tricuspid
Lt. atrioventricular valves k/as
bicuspid / mitral

2. seminular valves- has a 3

seminular cusps
 aortic
 pulmonary
SURFACE PROJECTION FOR THE CARDIAC VALVE
 AUTHOR/
TITLE MATERIAL RESULT CONCLUSION
JOURNAL

Atrial Septal David H Patients with No specific Long-term

Defect Treat Adler, MD Atrial Septal or definitive prevention
ment & Medscape Defect  medical of death and
Management May 01, 2017 therapy is complication
available. s is best
However, achieved
patients with when the
significant ASD is closed
volume before age
overload or 25 years and
atrial when the
arrhythmias systolic
may require pressure in
specific drug the main
therapy. pulmonary
artery is less
than 40 mm
Hg.
THANK YOU
SR.NO. QUESTIONS OPTIONS

1 How many chambers are in the heart? A) 1

B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
2 The apex of the heart: A) Is formed only by left ventricle
B) Is formed only by left atrium
C) Is formed only by right ventricle
D) Is formed only by right atrium
If the heart should stop, CPR can maintain the flow of blood until the
heart resumes beating. By applying pressure to the sternum, the blood
within the heart will be squeezed out of the heart and into the
circulation. Proper positioning of the hands on the sternum to perform
CPR would be between the lines at T4 and T9.
 Which of the following is not important in
preventing backflow of blood?
 chordae tendineae
 papillary muscles
 AV valves
 endocardium
 Which valve separates the left atrium from
the left ventricle?
 mitral
 tricuspid
 pulmonary
 aortic
 Which of the following lists the valves in the
order through which the blood flows from the
vena cava through the heart?
 tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid,
aortic semilunar
 mitral, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic
semilunar
 aortic semilunar, pulmonary semilunar,
tricuspid, bicuspid
 bicuspid, aortic semilunar, tricuspid,
pulmonary semilunar