Natural Vegetation

Unit 5
Presentation made by
Saba Farooq
Geography
Grade 6
WHAT IS A NATURAL VEGETATION?

Vegetation grown
naturally without human
interference.
TYPES OF NATURAL VEGETATION

TROPICAL COLD TEMPERATE

FOREST
RAINFOREST CONIFEROUS FOREST

DESERT SEMI-DESERT HOT DESERT

COLD-DESERT(TUNDRA)

GRASSLAND
Have you ever thought how the world would be without
vegetation?

BE THANKFUL
Tropical grassland
Features
 Mostly the area is covered with grass.
 Fewer trees
 Near semi-desert area, grasses are short

where as near tropical grassland the grass

grow taller.
 During the dry season it is quite hot and

grasses wither – ‘turn yellow and brown’

They die, but the roots remain alive

WHAT DOES THIS INDICATE?? Think!!!

SEMI DESERT VEGETATION
When the grass does not grow well and there
are fewer tress, the grassland turns into semi
desert vegetation.
ELEPHANT GRASS
grows up to 3 m tall
Acacia TREE
Features :
It survives in dry temperature
 small leaves and thick bark prevent the loss

of moisture.
BAOBAB TREE
Features:
Survives in dry season – it stores water in its spongy
trunk
DEDICIOUS TREES
 THEY LOSE LEAVES IN DRY SEASON
DESERT VEGETATION
 HOT DESERT VEGETATION

 COLD DESERT VEGETATION

HOT DESERT VEGETATION
 THINK TANK!

A- weather in the hot desert

B- amount of rainfall
C- after rain effects
D- types of plants

Some desert are sandy and some are stony.

They are different varieties of plants. Some
plants die soon.
CACTUS
 FEATURES:
It stores water

Roots are spread near

the ground.

Spikes instead of leaves

to prevent the loss of moisture

Examples : saguaro cactus

(SW of N. America) –
prickly pear
COLD (tundra)DESERT VEGETATION
 FEATURES:

Temperature below zero degree for nine

months.
In the season, even when the temperature is
above 0 degrees, the soil thaws but the
ground remains frozen. This doesn’t allow
water to drain or heat to evaporate.
Features
 The TUNDRA vegetation can survive under
snow.
 Examples: mosses , lichens ‘They are small

plants close to ground.

 Seeds produce flower in few weeks of warm

weather.
Mosses lichens
During snow
TUNDRA VEGETATION
NATURAL VEGETATION IN PAKISTAN

SINDH AND PUNJAB
Scrub or Semi-desert vegetation . Farmers have
removed natural vegetation to use the land
for farming. WHY ???
This vegetation still grows in the area outside
the INDUS PLAIN.
Who do you think lives in these scrubs??
Scrub vegetation to desert
vegetation
 WEST – KHARAN DESERT
 EAST – THAR

- CHOLISTAN DESERT

 SOME AREA OF THAR DESERT HAS CHANGED INTO

FARMLAND BY IIRIGATION ------ “ CULTIVATED
VEGETATION’
FOREST : Coniferous, riverine,
mangroves
TREES ‘MANGROVES’
 COASTAL AREA OF SINDH ----
FOREST
 NORTH EAST OF QUETTA: JUNIPER FOREST
Coniferous forest
KPK
AFL – UMPIRE TECHNIQUE
 Describe any feature tropical grassland.
 Why do nomadic herders keep moving?
 Name the grass that grows up to 3 m tall.
 What helps cactus to survive in a dry place?
 Name two types of desert vegetation.
 What feature makes plants survive in desert?
 What place does saguaro cactus belong to?
 Which one of these two survives in tundra vegetation.
LICHENS or PRICKLY PEAR
 Which areas of Pakistan have been changed to
farmlands? Why?
WEEK 3
 Sub topics:
 The uses of natural vegetation
 The destruction of natural vegetation
 Importance of conservation of natural

vgetation
Uses of natural vegetation
TIMBER
HARD WOOD – usually the trees of
tropical rainforest
Can you think of uses of hard
wood?
Boat – buildings- wood houses-
furniture

 SOFT WOOD- coniferous trees

 Can you think of uses of soft
wood?
 Paper – also for construction
Grazing

Habitats of animals

Promotes Tourism (e.g visiting

beautiful sights – safari)
RAINFOREST IN SABAH-
EAST MALAYSIA
GRASSLAND IN TANZANIA
EAST AFRICA
CONIFEROUS FOREST
CANADA-NORTH AMERICA
DESTRUCTION OF NATURAL
VEGETATION

 Example:

 Plantation in Malaysia, Srilanka

 Tribes who live in forest
 Logging companies
Think of some reasons why
vegetation in destroyed?

Increase in population
People need place to live, firewood, goods,
food

 How do you think nomadic herders destroy

vegetation?

 OVERGRAZING
ARABIAN PENINSULA
IMPORTANCE OF NATURAL
VEGETATION
 RAINFALL
 PLANTS GROW
 ROOTS HELP SOIL TO STAY AT ONE PLACE
 PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS TAKES PLACE
 MOISTURE EVAPORATES FROM THE LEAVES-

Transpiration. WATER VAPOURS HELP TO PRODUCE

RAIN.
 PLANTS BREAKS THE FORCE OF WATER AND

PROTECT THE SOIL.

 PLANTS PRODUCES OXYGEN
 WHEN LEAVES FALL-IT DECOMPOSES-FERTILE SOIL
OVER GRAZING IN ARABIAN
PENINSULA
 90% of Arabian peninsula is affected by overgrazing.
 Animals graze the plants down to the roots and it can’t
re-grow.
 BEUDIN controlled over grazing by keeping limited
animals.
 Saudi Arabia is the largest country of Arabian
Peninsula. To increase meat production herders keep
more animal which is causing OVER GRAZING
 Some people keep herds. Herders are hired from
Somalia, Sudan and India. So the problem is increasing.
 In a conference in DOHA it was recommended that only
Beduin can make their animal graze freely.
SAND DUNES
 When wind keeps blowing from same
direction, the shape of sand dunes change
WEEK 4
 RESULT OF THE DESTRUCTION OF NATURAL
VEGETATION
DO YOU KNOW
 63% of rainforest in South Asia has been cut
down.
Problems caused by
destruction
Soil erosion
Over grazing-When vegetation destroys,
moisture evaporates and soil erosion takes
place.
When vegetation is removed the soil dries up
and blow off . If there is heavy rainfall, soil
washes away.

DESERTIFICATION
When soil erodes, the place may turn into
desert
 Lack of sufficient water
 Overgrazing is JUNIPER FOREST –
ZIARAT(Balochistan) has caused the grasses
and shrubs between the trees to die. This
ground does not absorb much rainfall and
water passes quickly from the bare soil . This
is causing the old trees to die out. It is also
reducing the berries grown on these trees
which is eaten by thrush.
Forest
 Wood is cut for using it to light fire.

 Wood is cut to make spaces for vegetation ,

dams, reservoirs

 In bare soil water runs quickly and river gets

filled up. This causes flooding
Habitats are destroyed
Endangered species in PAKISTAN

 Ibex
 Leopards
 Falcon
 bustards
 20 species of birds
 5 species of reptiles
EXTINCT ANIMALS
 BLACK BUCK

 a few are in LAL SOHANRA NATIONAL PARK in

BAHAWALPUR .
ENDANGERED ANIMALS
 ORANG UTANS
Great apes of Asia
Fewer than 30,000
Experts believe that they will extinct in 2025
Give birth in 8 year interval
Found in tropical rainforest in Sumatra and BORNEA
In East Malaysia, there number has dropped by 50%.
This is caused by deforestation of oil palm plantation.
It is offence to capture them . They are encouraged to
be left in forest than to be treated badly by people.
They are taught to swing .
Orangutans
FOREST FIRE in Sumatra and Borneo
 Caused breathing problems
 Lung and heart problems
 The smoke reduces visibility

of roads and causes delay

in transport.

 THIS IS CAUSED BY LESS RAINFALL and DRYNESS.

 BUT, IF THE IS MORE RAINFALL, FOREST FIRES

DON’T OCCUR MUCH