CSSR 2G : Concept and

Optimization
Radio Operations and Maintenance Department
VIETTEL NETWORK

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 1

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
Overview

I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process
Networks

Definition and Mecanism Handling CSSR from Formulae

Context, Problematic Factors Influencing CSSR

Call Set Up Process Process Influencing Factors VS Call Flow

Flow Diagram and computations points

Flow Diagram to optimize CSSR
of CSSR

1 2
1 2

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 2

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
Part I

I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G Networks

Definition

Context, Problematic

Call Set Up Process Process

Flow Diagram and computations points of CSSR

1
1

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 3

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Definition and Mecanism
Networks

 CSSR: Call Setup Success Rate

→ A KPI (Key Performance Indicator); a number that indicates performance; The
Rate at which calls are successfuly setup

98 are
98 are
successful
successful
100 call
100 call
attempts
attempts Complex system to process
as input Complex system
call to process
establishment
as input call establishment
2 fails
??? 2 fails

User experience is affected.

User experience is affected.
CSSR = 98/100 = 98%
CSSR = 98/100 = 98%
VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 4
 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Context and Problematic
Networks

 Call Set Up context and problematic: Subcribers want to call each others
→ In multi BTS and multi MS environment

I Want to
call MS1

MS2
MS2

Network : Implement Processes,

Network : Implement
to establish Processes,
call in End to End
to establish call in End to End MS1
MS1
!!!

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 5

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Context and Problematic
Networks

 Call Set Up context and problematic:

→ GSM Network is Voice service Key Driven initially
→ Mostly designed for Circuit Switch Voice Call
→ Critical service observed by all Subscribers

→ In this context : The CSSR is an important KPI for evaluating the network
performance that impact 100% of customers.
→ CSSR is evaluation of service each subscriber subscribes for
→ this is one of the Main KPI to evaluate Overall GSM Network Performances

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 6

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Call Set Up Process Process
Networks

 Call Set Up Process Description:

→ Call Set Up Process itself include :
Channel Request Process (SDCCH)
Ack Channel -Request
RACH Process
access (SDCCH)
process
SDCCH
RACH Req
AGCH Ass - Channel RACH access
- Assignment process
process (AGCH, SD_cong)
- Channel
- Assignment
Channel processacknowledge
Assignment (AGCH, SD_cong)
process
- Channel Assignment acknowledge process

Authentication Process
Ciph
Auth CMD
Req Authentication Process
- Authentication
- Authentication
- Ciphering
Ciph - Ciphering
Auth Res
Complete

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 7

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Call Set Up Process Process
Networks

 Call Set Up Process Description:

→ Call Set Up Process itself include :

Channel Request
Channel Request
Process (TCH)
Process
- (TCH)
TCH Request
- - TCHTCH
Request
Assign
- - TCH
TCHAssign
Assign Ack
- TCH Assign Ack

TCH Req
Ass

Ack

Connecting & Alerting

Connecting & Alerting
- Ringing
- Ringing
- Picking Up and Taxation
- Picking Up and Taxation
Done over FACCH of TCH
Done over FACCH of TCH

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 8

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Call Set Up Process Process
Networks

 Call Set Up Process Description:

Each Sub-Process is Monitored by :
→ Call Set Up Process comprises : Counters : Number of times request is sent
Timers : Waiting time for a response
→ Radio Link Establishment Phase Parameters : others parameters like Power
→Rach Process to request SDCCH channel level, Cell Load Indicators, …
→SDCCH Assignment Process
→SDCCH Assignment acknowledgment process

→ SDCCH Phase
→Authentication Process
→Ciphering Negociation process
→Call Forwarding process (Call Set Up processing to the other end)
???
→ TCH assignment phase
→TCH request process
→TCH Assignment Process
→TCH Assignment acknowledgment process

→Connecting and Alerting (ringing, picking Up  Taxation) : form End User Point of View
VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 9
 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Flow Diagram and computations points of CSSR
Networks

 Call Set Up Process summary Diagram:

→ From left to right « physical Architecture »

→ From up to down « Logical Exchange »

→ In Order to Handle CSSR Optimization, we should Master
this Flow Chart

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 10

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Flow Diagram and computations points of CSSR
Networks

 Call Set Up Process summary Diagram:

→ From left to right « physical Architecture »

→ From up to down « Logical Exchange »

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 11

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Flow Diagram and computations points of CSSR
Networks

 Call Set Up Success Rate evaluation points and Formulae:

→ Beginning point  Call Setup Attempt point

→ Ending point  Call Setup Success  TCH Assign Success

Call Set Up Process

Evaluation Points <==>
Computation points of
CSSR

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 12

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
I-Introduction to Call Set Up Process in 2G • Flow Diagram and computations points of CSSR
Networks

 Call Set Up Success Rate evaluation points and Formulae:

→ Recommended Formulae

 
→ CSSR : is a KPI, a number, a measurement, recommended formulae is :

→ CSSR : Call Set Up Success Rate (%)

→ SDR : SDCCH Drop Rate (none)
→ TASR : TCH Assign Success Rate (%)

TASR

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 13

CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization
Part II

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process

Handling CSSR from Formulae

Factors Influencing CSSR

Influencing Factors VS Call Flow

Flow Diagram to optimize CSSR

2
2

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 14

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Handling CSSR from Formulae

•  Analysis of CSSR Formulae:

→  02 cases
If SDR ↘  CSSR ↗
Target

Target SDR CSSR

time time

If TASR ↗  CSSR ↗
Target Target

CSSR
TASR

time time

Tip : In order to improve CSSR, need to Decrease SDCCH Drop and increase TCH Assign Succ

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 15

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Handling CSSR from Formulae VS call flow

 Factors that affects CSSR : Localise formulae Call Flow Chart

→ Into 02 cases : SDCCH Drop and TCH Fail

SDR points

TASR points

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 16

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Influencing Factors

 Factors that affects CSSR:

→ Factors that affect CSSR are that affecting SDCCH and TCH processes too !!!

→ In summary :
→ Radio Interface Related Factors (Radio Interface Quality, Capacity, Coverage, Integrity,
parameters setting...)
→ Systems Factors (Abis, A-ter, A interfaces fails, Client Profile…)
→ Hardware Factors (materiel Issues, Energy Outage, Wrong Installation, Handset issues….)

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 17

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Influencing Factors

 Factors that affects CSSR:

→ Case of Radio Interface Related Factors (the most important)

→ Coverage Issue : RxLevel UL&DL, TA UL&DL;

→ Quality and Integrity Issue : Interference UL&DL, BER UL&DL, C/I UL&DL,
RxQual UL&DL…;
→ Capacity Issue : RACH, AGCH, TCH, PCH and SDCCH Congestions;

→ Parameters setting Issue : T3101, T3107, RexLev_Accmin, T200S, T200F,

MAXRETRANS, RLT, N200S, N200F,…;

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 18

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Influencing Factors VS Call Flow

 Factors that affects CSSR : Localise issue from Call Flow Chart
→ Each time we face CSSR analysis :
→ We can use flow diagram to locate issue level (mastering this diagram is mendatory)

→ From location of blocking points we can understand the issue affecting CSSR

→ Once issues understood, solutions are usually trivials

→ Eg : we notice poor CSSR in CellA , blocking point is during SDCCH channel
Activation  Check and solve SDCCH Congestion

→ On Radio Interface we have :

→ Channels assignment and allocation Fails (due to Radio conditions or parameters setting)
→ Channels Drops (due to Radio conditions or parameters setting)

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 19

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Influencing Factors VS Call Flow

 Factors that affects CSSR : Localise issue from Call Flow Chart
→ Depending on Interface or equipment we can understand, handle and solve.

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 20

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Flow Diagram to optimize CSSR

 Handling of CSSR Optimization : how to handle CSSR Analysis

→ Tip : Need to determine either SDR, TASR or both, which KPI affects too much !!!

→ Usually coverage issues affect both SDCCH and TCH the same way;

→ Wrong Parameters setting affects one sub-process non depending on another sub-
process and the Call Set Up ends at that stage;
→ Issue on ABIS interface will automatically block all processes on at BTS and on
Radio interface Level;
→ Issue on A interface will Affect all the sites of one entire BSS
→ Issue at MSC Level will affect the entire Network

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 21

 CSSR 2G : Concept and Optimization

II- Optimization of Call Set Up process • Flow Diagram to optimize CSSR

 Handling of CSSR Optimization : Process flow

VIETTEL NETWORK, Radio Department 22