DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS

BHOOMIKA KANSARA|BARC1632|SEMESTER 04
 INDEGENIOUS METHOD
•  Wide outer walls, to keep cool, as well as
warm during nights. But the main reason for
thick walls is ease in construction and cheap
availability of stone in nearby quarries.
• But traditionally people use cow dung as a
paste on the outer walls, which creates an
insulating layer and also repels insects.
• The roof of this small hut
also plays a significant role in
heat regulation, as it
receives direct heat form
sun, it is usually kept
conical to facilitate air
ventilation, with two to
three layer of sevan grass,
making it thick, sometimes
even water can be
sprinkled over it.
•  
EARTH SHELTERING

• Apart from heat regulation,

it also acts as a noise
barrier and aesthetics is
awesome. The grass on the
top adds further to cooling
during hot summers while
prevent heat loss during
winters and chilling nights.
 COOLING TECHNIQUES
• Big windowds with low sill.
• High ceiling to increase comfort levels.
• The heat inside of the building is
controlled by the use of textures in
Jaisalmer. This is organized at three levels.
• The front part of the facade which
remains exposed are controlled by
creating deeply carved patterns. Use of
such devices minimizes the heat gain by
providing shading due to texture. Such
devices also result in increased convective
transfer of heat because of increased
surface area.
PLANNING
• A typical town of Rajasthan
presents a very compact
picture of houses and other
buildings huddled together so
that they not only shade each
other but also considerably
reduce the exposed open
spaces around them.
• At the town scale the buildings
are of unequal height with
parapets and high walls,
creating uneven sky lines and
desired shading of each other.
• The height of the building compared to the width of
the streets is large to create shaded cool environment
for the pedestrians and other social activities on the
streets
•  In cases where normal low level dust swirls within the
settlement the interiors of buildings are protected by
almost blank walls with very small openings.
• All major streets are oriented almost in the East-West
direction at right angles to the direction of dust
storms.
• The streets are relatively narrow and winding .
 ORIENTATION
• The building is always oriented by the cardinal directions:
North, South, East, West, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast
and Southwest.
• For example the East or the North walls are made more
open to light and air as the West is the heat gaining side in
the warm humid climates of India
• The placement of the building within the site is the first step
toward forming the grid for internal planning. The centre of
the plot is generally not where the centre of the building is
placed, only exception being temples.
•  
 ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS
PAVILIONS:
• Consisting of four columns and a roof.
Irrespective of the style and construction
method, their essence is the same.
Mandapas and baradaris are some
outstanding examples of spaces created
• Functions
• To provide well-articulated shelters for
gatherings or for
• Climatic Response: It is clear that such open
shelters served best during summer evenings
in arid regions, allowing a free flow of fresh
air. 
BARADARIS AND CHATTRIS:
• The use of the baradaris as pleasure
pavilions are located in gardens, or on high
points or along water tanks and lakes. as
These structures provide the most strategic
location for a good view, fresh air and
general comfort. 
• Another version of pavilion is the large
cupola-like structure called a chattri. The
structure is
Polygonal or circular in plan and has a domical
roof. This extremely adaptable element is
space, but  equally it is a complete form.
Chattris are often grouped in clusters
 COURTYARD
• This private internal open space also acquired special significance while
serving various levels of privacy. A wide range of household activities could
extend into courtyards. These spaces became the living areas of all
domestic architecture. 
• Functions:
• Courtyard contributes to its spatial quality beautifully by bringing in a
subdued light, creating a peaceful environment. 
• It is the courtyard that gives porosity to an otherwise extremely dense
fabric of the city. It is the breathing space the lungs of an Indian city. 
• JALI

• A jali is the term for a perforated stone or latticed

screen
functions
• it allows sufficient light and air to enter into the room
• the carvings on it gave it a decorative look from the
exterior
• one can peep into the streets without being seen,
• The jali helps in lowering the temperature by
compressing the air through the holes. Also when the
air passes through these openings, its velocity
increases giving profound diffusion.
• JHAROKHA
• A jharokha (or jharoka) is a type
of overhanging enclosed balcony .
• Jharokhas jutting forward from the
wall plane could be used both for
adding to the architectural beauty
of the building itself or for a
specific purpose. They are “devices
which make it possible for the
people to be between the street
and the house,
•STEPWELL
• A stepwell (or a bawdi) is a well or pond in
which the water can be reached by climbing
down a set of steps. The walls of these trenches
were lined with stoneblocks but without mortar.
Stairs were created leading down to the water.
The majority of surviving stepwells originally
also served as leisure points, as well as provided
water. 
• 
•JOHAD
• A johad is a community owned
traditional harvested
rainwater storage wetland that collects and
stores water throughout the year, to be used for
the purpose of recharging the groundwater in
the nearby water wells, washing, bathing
and drinking by humans and cattle
THANK YOU