SIGMUND FREUD AND CARL Which thinker can lay

claim to greater influence?

JUNG: MAIN CONCEPTS
By Paulina Gómez
The Father of
Psychoanalysis Freud’s major contributions:
Sigmund Freud (1856 – 1939) was  Mental Structures: The Id,
the founder of psychoanalytic theory the Ego, and the Superego
and psychoanalysis.
His theories on personality have  Psychosexual Stages
influenced societies around the world
in many disciplines.  The Oedipus Complex
The major intelectual ideas of the
modern world.

“Men are more moral than

they think and far more
immoral than they can

SIGMUND FREUD imagine.” – S. F.

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The mind is like an iceberg in the MENTAL STRUCTURES:
ocean. The iceberg is floating
10% above the water and 90%
THE ID, THE EGO, THE SUPEREGO
under the water. That 10%
represents our conscious Freud theorized that the mind is divided
awareness and the other 90% into three abstract structures/categories:
represents our unconsciousness The Id, the Ego, and the Superego.
which controls our thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors.
• Id: (it) Where our basic instincts, dispostions,
and animal urges reside. Not rational. Imagines,
dreams, and invents to get us 00what we want.
Follows the pleasure principle.
• Ego: (I) Stands for the self and begins to be
developed in chilhood. Half-conscious and half-
unconsious. Follows the reality principle.
Attempts to get what Id by jundging differences
between real and imaginary.
• Superego: (Above ego) It is like a moral
barometer. Gives us a feeling of pride when we
do smth well and a feeling of guilt when we do
smth inmoral according to the beliefs learned
within a family, society, and culture. THEORIES
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 • According to Freud, personality traits evolve through a series of stages that occur
during childhood and adolescence.
• The Psychosexual Stages focus on sex IOW everything that gives a person bodily
pleasure.
• Personality traits are a throwback to some unconscious urge, trauma, sexual
activity, aggression or any other incident which was repressed into the
unconscious.
• If something happened to you (traumatic/satisfactory) at a particular childhood
stage you wil exhibit personality traits consistent with that stage.
The 5 Psychosexual Stages:
 Oral
 Anal
 Phallic
 Latent
 Genital
THE SEEDS OF ADULT
PERSONALITY TRAITS
PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
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 ANALYZING THE PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Reading Activity
• Do you really think that your
Remember that adult personality traits
are a throwback to some unconscious
urge, trauma, aggression, or any other
incident repressed into our unconscious.
We don’t have access to that part of the
mind, only psychoanalysis can access it.
Don’t worry my friend!
Inserte o arrastre y coloque su foto
Look at the Psychosexual
Stages Chart.
• Can you identify yourself
with a particular stage?
adult personality traits can be
a reflection of some kind of
event that occurred to you
during your childhood?
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Freud’s most important concept:
• The Oedipus Complex is named after the Greek story of
King Oedipus. Freud believed that different elements of
sexual drive emerge in the phallic stage.
Preschool boys favor their mother at the extent that they
start having sexual desires and drives towards mother and
they fear and resent their father for getting all the attention,
becoming then rivals.

The Electra Complex, which is basically the reverse

situation for preschool girls: love and desire for father,
resentment for mother, was developed later by Carl G.
Jung.

THE OEDIPUS
COMPLEX
First introduced in
his book: The
Interpretation of
Dreams (1899)
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CARL GUSTAV JUNG (1875-1961)
Carl Jung was a Swiss psychologist whose principles were found applicable to all
academic disciplines focusing on mythology, religion, quantum physics and all various
aspects of modern life.
• Freud’s closest friend and dearest colleague.
He developed his own ideas that deviated
from Freud’s and ended their relationship for
once and for all.

• Jung emphasized on the study of

different cultures. He believed that by
looking at the similiraties between them
and how we all look alike, we could “Show me a sane man and
determine the essence of humanity. I will cure him for you”
Jung’s major contributions: C.G. Jung
 The Collective Unconsious
 The Archetypes Carl Gustav Jung
 Sychronicity THEORIES
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Jung’s perception of the unconscious
What about
• According to Jung, all human beings share the same unconscious personal
ideas bc we are all human and we were created under the same unconscious
evolutionary circumstances, and by the same ancestors. He called ?
this the collective unconscious.
• The CU is a storehouse of hidden memories that we inherited
from our ancestoral past and evolutionary development.

• The components of the CU are universal principles that have a

mythic and over-arching quality. These are called archetypes.

THE COLLECTIVE Jung’s greatest

contribution is that he

UNCONSCIOUS
expanded the notion of
the uncoscious

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The Five Archetypes:
• The self: Our feelings our
wholeness and unity. Our sense of
personality and identity.
• The persona: The artificial
THE ARCHETYPES
phony we show to others. Our public
The Five Archetypes: The Elements of the Collective
self that conforms to societal Unconscious
• The anima
standards. : The you
The mask feminine
wear side
in
of men.
public. • Archetypes are symbols, signs, patterns of
behavior, thinking and experiencing that shape our
• The animus: The masculine
personality. The bridge to the world of the spirit.
side of women.
• Archetypes are universal themes for all cultures,
• The shadow: The dark and
they color our world and are expressed through
cruel side of us that contains animal our personality.
urges and feeling of inferiority.
Shadow is a source of creativity. • Archetypes are manifested in our dreams. They
influence our art, folklore, the symbols that
represent our culture, and even whom we are
attracted to.
• Archetypes are the human heritage of mankind.
Fantasies and dreams are the same in all of us. THEORIES
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SYNCHRONICITY
Synchronicity: An Accausal Connecting Principle (1952)

• In his book, Jung defined synchronicity as a

“coincidence” in time of two or more • His most often quoted example involves the
casually unrelated events which have the appearance of a scarab-like beetle at the window of
same or similar meaning. his consulting room at the same time that a resistant
patient was describing a dream involving a scarab.
• One event is in the mind and the other one is
in the environment. There is a connection of
thoughts, feelings, and images in one’s mind
and the features and events on one’s
environment.
• While investigating the phenomena of the
CU, he couldn’t find an explanation for the
connections he came across with.
• Events sometimes are connected so
meaningfully and the “chance” of occurrence
is so random that it has to be displayed by
some astronomical force.

The scarab-like beetle anecdote THEORIES

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THE SCARAB-LIKE BEETLE ANECDOTE

“A young woman I was treating had, at a critical moment, a dream in

which she was given a golden scarab. While she has telling me this
dream I sat with my back to the closed window. Suddenly, I heard a noise
behind me, like a gentle tapping. I turned around and saw a flying insect
knocking against the window-pane from outside, I opened the window
and captured the creature as it flew in.
It was the nearest analog to a golden scarab that one finds in our
latitudes, a scarabaeid beetle, the common rose-chafer (Cetonia aurata),
which contrary to its usual habits had evidently felt an urge to get into a
dark room at this particular moment. I must admit that nothing like it
ever happened to me before or since, and that the dream the patient had,
remained unique in my experience.” (1973, p.32)

VIDEO 
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CONSULTANTS
 THEORIES
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AND
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THANKS
Élaboré par Paulina
Gómez
pau.gomez988@gmail.com

Personality Theories: Psychoanalytic Theory (2004) Retrieved from: http://

wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/1530/1567154/278-316_CH08_61939.pdf
Jung, C.G.(1973) Synchronicity: An Accausal Connecting Principle. Vol. 8. Princeton
Univeristy Press
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