OFF THE JOB TRAINING METHODS

SUBMITTED BY:
AKANKSHA ABBOTT
NETRA KAPOOR
NIKANSHA JAIN
YOGITA CHAWLA
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It adds to conventional training by
providing
situations in which the trainee
themselves
experience through their own interaction
ADVANTAGES
1- Accuracy and precision
2- Isolation of variables
3-Excellent reliability
4-Practical advantages
DISADVANTAGES
1-Lack external validity
2-Deception
3- Lack of informed consent
4-Harm to respondents
Two methods
1) Simulation
it is the presentation of real situation of
organisation in training sessions
2) Sensitivity training
It is the small group interaction under stress in an
unstructured encounter group which require
people to become sensitive to one another feeling
in order to develop reasonable group activities.
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These are simulations that attempt to represent the way
an industry ,company or sub unit of a company
functions
Under this trainees are provided with information
describing a situation and are asked to make decisions
about what to do . The system then provide feedback
about the impact of their decision and they are asked to
make another decision
This process continues until some predefined state of
organisation exist or specified number of trials are
completed .
 OBJECTIVES
1. Strengthen executive and upper management
skills
2. Improve decision making
3. Develop leadership skills
4. Demonstrate principles and concepts
5. Integrate separate components of training into
integrated whole
6. Develop skill in using quality tools
7. Solve complex problems
DISADVANTAGES
1- Oversimplification of data
2- Limitation of learning effectiveness
3- Lack of responsibility
4-Costly
5-Sometimes considered as a source of
entertainment rather than source of
education
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 It is method of self paced learning managed by both the trainee and
the learning system(eg computer program or text).
 Process of leading a trainee systematically through new information
in a way that facilitates the most efficient learning
 It provide the trainee with information, asks a question, based on
response goes to the next bit of info and so on.
 If the trainee provides a correct answer, one branch moves the
trainee forward to new information’
 If the answer is incorrect a different branch is activated, taking the
trainee back to review relevant info in more detail.
 Trainee who show better grasp of material move rapidly through the
material.
FEATURES OF PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTIONS
 Provides immediate feedback to trainee response.
 Requires the trainee to respond frequently and actively.
 Frequently reviews the content.
 Divides the whole of learning process into small steps which results
in fewer response errors.
 Enables the trainees to move the content at their own speed or
capability.
ADVANTAGES
 Reduces the training time
 Facilitates learning since it lets trainee learn at their own pace
 Provides immediate feedback and reduces the error of risk.

DISADVANTAGES
o Trainee is not able to learn much more than if he would have learned from
traditional method
o Difficult to develop an instructional programme
o Due to tight schedule, employees cannot be left to learn at their own
pace.it would be very difficult to learn the content in a limited time period
o Development of programme is not economical in terms of cost and time,
o No chances of creativity as responses are highly structured.
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Under this method open air exercises are
usually carried out in teams at a place away
from the usual working environment. The
trainees are made to play some games or do
trekking . A facilitator observes the trainees
behaviour and gives them feedback about how
this learning can be applied in the work
situation back home.
ADVANTAGES OF ACTIVITY BASED TRAINING
1) The most important feature of activity based instruction is learning
by doing. So this method of instruction can fulfil the natural urge of
a growing child on one hand also can help them learn their lesson.
2) The method also promotes better understanding of a lesson among
students as they learn the lesson by practicing the task themselves.
3) It inspires the students to apply their creative ideas, knowledge and
minds in solving problems as well as promoting competitive spirit
among them.
4) It also helps learner psychologically as they can express their
emotions through active participation in something useful.
5) The method also helps in developing their personalities, social traits
and inter-personal management skills.
DISADVANTAGES OF ACTIVITY BASED TRAINING
1) The activity based instruction method requires long-term planning with
minute details of the whole process because before engaging the learners,
the teacher has to make sure that all students have sufficient knowledge
and skills regarding the task they are going to perform. So this method can
not be used on a regular and daily basis as it involves a lengthy procedure.
2) The objectives of the method can only be fulfilled if the planning of the
lesson is flawless. If there is slightest flaw in the planning, this method
would do more harm than good.
3) Learners have varied levels of merit and understanding. So less meritorious
students might not prepare for a task as other which might lead to failure
of objectives of the whole process.
4) Many renowned educationists also are of the opinion that the activity
based method is more suitable for branches of experimental sciences and
less useful for subjects of social sciences.
CHOOSING THE RIGHT TRAINING METHOD AND
TECHNIQUE
 Comparing on the basis of training objectives
 Comparing on the basis of learning process
and its stages
 Comparing training mathods on the basis of
available time , skills, facilities and resouces.
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