B.L.D.

E Association’s
V.P. Dr. P.G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGG.AND TECH., VIJAYAPUR-03.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Control System
MODULE-2
Block Diagram Reduction Techniques

Prepared by
Prof:S.M.Bagewadi
Assistant professor
EEE Department
B.L.D.E.A’S CET Vijayapur

03/30/2020 B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR 1

 Content of the Module
Block Diagram concept
Block Diagram Reduction Rules
Problems on Block Diagram

B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR

03/30/2020 2
 Block Diagram concept

Block

A block diagram is the pictorial

representation of the control system.
Block diagram can be used to model linear Output of the block is obtained by multiplying
as well as non linear system. transfer function of the block with input signal
The block diagram contains the TF=Y(s)/X(s)=G(s)
information regarding behaviour of the Summing Point:
system. The summing point has two or more inputs and
Elements of the Block diagram single output. It produces the algebraic sum of the
inputs.
 Blocks
 Summing Point
 Take-off point or Branch Point
B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR
03/30/2020 3
Take off point.
The take-off point is a point from which the same input signal can be passed Block Diagram of closed loop
through more than one branch.
system

B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR

03/30/2020 4
 Block Diagram Reduction Rules
1.Combining the blocks in Cascade.

2. Combining Blocks in Parallel

03/30/2020 5
3. Eliminating the Feedback loop

4. Splitting the Summing point. 5.Interchanging the summing point

B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR

03/30/2020 6
 6. Moving summing point after the block

After Shifting the summing point

Thus shifting a summing point after the block signal X2 has to be multiplied with the TF of the block beyond
which the summing point Is to be shifted.

B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR

03/30/2020 7
 7.Shifting summing point before the block

Thus shifting a summing point behind the the block add a block having TF reciprocal of the TF of the
block before which summing point is to be shifted.

B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR

03/30/2020 8
 8.Moving take-off point after the block
X1 G(s)X1 X1 X1(G(s)
G(s) G(s)
X1
X1(G(s)
X1
1/G(s)
 To Shift Take-off point after the block, the value of take-off point X1 must remains same. To Keep value of X1
Constant it must be multiplied by 1/G

9.Moving take-off point behind the block

X1 X1 G(s)
G(s) X1 X1 G(s)
G(s)
X1 G(s)
X1 G(s) G(s)

 Thus shifting a take-off point behind the block add a block having TF same as that of block behind which take-off point is to be
shifted.
B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR
03/30/2020 9
 Thank You

B.L..D.E.A’S CET VIJAYAPUR

03/30/2020 10