CALICUT UNIVERSITY - MBA PROGRAMME.

STRESS MANAGEMENT
SEMINAR - PRESENTED BY

C.K.SureshBabu

2009

CALICUT UNIVERSITY STUDY CENTRE,P.T.USHA ROAD, KOZHIKODE

Learning Objectives

 Concept and definition of stress.

 Nature of stress.
 Different stages of stress.
 Symptoms of stress
 Type of stressors
Learning Objectives

 Eliminating stressor.
 Job / work stress.
 Managing stress
definition:

Stress definition:
 According to McGrath, “A person
experiences stress when a situation is
perceived as presenting a demand
which threatens to exceed the persons
capabilities and resources for meeting
it”
definition:

S = P > R
 Stress occurs when the pressure is
greater than the resource.
definition:

 Cooper and Marshall visualized

stress as characteristic of both the
focal individual and his environment.
Stressors

 They designate the external or

internal casual forces as
‘pressures’ or ‘stressors’ and the
resulting state of the organism as
‘stress’.
Nature of stress

 Physiologically, stress is the body’s

reaction to a perceived threat which
requires either ‘fight or flight’ in a
stressful situation.
Nature of stress

 Stress is anything that changes our

Physical, emotional or mental state
while encountering various stimuli in
our environment.
Eustress

 Eustress is positive stress that

accompanies achievement and
exhilaration.
 Eustress is the stress of meeting
challenges such as found in
managerial jobs or physical activities.
Eustress

 If the stressor is within limits and we

have enough resource will be
able to cope up with the stress

When a stress makes us cope with it,

there is a feeling of satisfaction and
joy.
Distress

 Distress is when we feel too much,

or too little pressure or tension.
 Distress refers to the effects of stress
with long-term negative impact.
Stages of stress

 Alarm reaction
 Resistance
it is a stage of maximum adaption when
the individual restores the equilibrium
 Exhaustion
If the stressor continues or his defense
mechanism falters, he move to this
stage.
Symptoms of stress

 Physical symptoms
 Mental symptoms
 Behavioral symptoms
 Emotional symptoms
 STRESS LEVEL AND CONSEQUENCES
HIGH
PERFORMANCE

LOW LOW STRESS OPTIMUM HIGH STRESS

STRESS
Stress Management

 Stress management is the ability to

maintain control when situations,
people, and events make excessive
demands.
Stress Management

 Several techniques have been

proposed for controlling the stress
response.
Stress Management
(Contd..)
The most popular techniques are
 Eliminating the stressor
 Relaxation Techniques
 Social support system
 Physical exercises
Eliminating the stressor

 Sometimes, the stressor can be

eliminated Psychologically by
changing the meaning of the
situation.
 The objective here is to reassess

the seriousness of the situation.

Relaxation techniques

 Several stress management

techniques involve some form of
physical or mental relaxation.
 Some of these techniques have
been advocated with zeal and
enthusiasm of new fads.
Relaxation techniques

 Two simple relaxation techniques

are muscle massage and
abdominal breathing.
 Meditation is also a relaxation
technique.
Relaxation techniques

 Progressive muscle relaxation.

This technique involves slowly
tensing and then releasing each
Benefits of relaxation

 Lowers blood pressure

 Combats fatigue
 Promotes sleep
 Reduces pain
 Eases muscle tension
Social support

 Social support refers to an

interlocking network of people with
whom an individual is able to interact
to satisfy important human needs.
 An effective social support system
may provide four major types of
support behaviors.
Social support

 Emotional support
 Instrumental support
 Informational support
 Appraisal support
Management of stress

 Stress is inevitable in human life.

 Coping strategies at the
organizational level.

 At employee level
Coping Strategies at
the Organizational level
 Stress Reduction And Stress
Management Programmes
 Stress reduction programmes aim to
identify relevant organizational
stressors.
Coping Strategies at
the Organizational level
 Redesigning jobs
 Reallocating Workloads
 Improving supervisory skills.
Coping Strategies at
the Organizational level
 Collateral Programmes
 It is an organizational programme
specifically created to help
employees deal with stress.
Coping Strategies at
the Organizational level
 Stress management programme
 Health promotion programme
 Career development programme.
Coping Strategies at
the Organizational level
 Counseling
 Counseling is discussion of a
problem with an employee with a
view
of helping the employee cope with it
better.
Coping Strategies
by Individuals
 Relaxation
 Coping with stress requires
adaptation.
 Proper relaxation is an effective way
to adapt
 Relaxation can take many methods,
one such method is take a regular
vacation.
Coping Strategies
by Individuals

 Time Management
 Time management is often
recommended for managing stress.
The idea is that often daily
pressure can be eased if a person
does a better job of manages
time.
Coping Strategies
by Individuals
 Role Management
Under this, the individual works to
avoid role overload, role ambiguity
and role conflict.
Coping Strategies
by Individuals
(Contd..)

 Support Group