MTN Nokia Datacom Devices’ Overview

and Maintenance
Training for Field Maintenance
Team
Presented by

Mohammed Osman Andani (84089254)

www.huawei.com

Datacom BO

10/02/2020
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Course Objectives

After completing this course, you will be able to:

• Understand basic concepts of datacom and data networks.
• Be familiar with the OSI reference model.
• Be familiar with the hardware of Nokia 7750 SR series and 7210 SASR.
• Be familiar with how to login to the devices through console port and man
agement port
• Be familiar with how to carry out basic troubleshooting
Contents

Basic Concepts of Datacom Networks

Hardware Introduction

Hardware Components 7750 SR

7750 SR Login

Troubleshooting Scenarios

Conclusion
Datacom Product

IP packets
IP network

7210 SASR 7750 SR

7210 SASR 7750 SR7 7750 SR12

 Optical Communication Principle
Optical signals
Electrical Signal Electrical Signal

TX RX

TX
Laser RX Laser

TX TX Site A Site B

RX RX
Laser Laser
To Site C To Site D
Armored Fiber
During optical transmission, a box at the transmission end
converts electrical signals into optical signals, and another box at
the receive end converts optical signals back into electrical signals
MANHOLE
MANHOLE

Site A Site B
ODF ODF

ODF ODF ODF ODF

7210 SASR 7210 SASR

10GE 10GE 10GE 10GE

7210 SASR 7210 SASR

RX RX

TX TX

ODF ODF ODF ODF

ASG1 ASG2

Site C Site D
Optical fiber connectors

FC/PC connector SC/PC connector

ST/PC connector FC/PC-SC/PC connector

Network Architecture
7750 SR 7
MTN Transmission Network Overview
NFM-P

IPCORE
IPCORE MME PE PE

BackBone DWDM
BackBone DWDM

RSG3 RSG4
7750 SR 12
RNC BSC

RSG
RSG RSG1 RSG2

STM-X
7750 SARa8/7210 SASR
Metro DWDM
Metro DWDM Tellabs

ASG ASG
ASG
ASG
METRO
METRO ASG ASG ASG ASG

STM-1
REMOTE METRO

SARa8 SASR
SARa8 SASR
SASR SASR

NFE
NFE SASR SARa8 SASR

MW MW MW
MW
CSG TDM MW

MW
CSG
CSG
7210
Site
SASR Site Site Site Wireless Site
Site
Wireless
Wireless
 Principle-OSI Reference Model

7.Application Provides system application interfaces.

Translates data formats to ensure that the application-layer data of one
6.Presentation system can be identified by the application layer of another system.
Establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between
5.Session communicating parties.
Establishes, maintains, and cancels end-to-end data transfer, controls
4.Transport the transmission rate, and adjusts the data sequences.
Defines logical addresses and transfers data from the source to the
3.Network destination.
Encapsulates data into frames, transmits data in P2P or P2MP mode,
2.Data Link and controls error checking.
Transmits bit flows over transmission media and defines electrical and
1.Physical physical specifications.

Router work in Network Layer, used to access, aggregate, and transmit carrier-class Ethernet services
Principle-Data Transmission in the OSI Model

A B

Application Router Application

Presentation Presentation

Session Session

Transport Transport
Network
Network Network
Data Link
Data Link Data Link
Physical
Physical Physical
Principle-Data Transmission in the OSI Model - Encapsulation

Application
Presentation
Session DATA PDU

Transport TCP Header DATA Segment

Network IP Header Payload Packet

Data Link Eth Header Payload FCS Frame

Physical 001001011010100 Bit

Principle-Data Transmission in the OSI Model - Decapsulation

Application
Presentation
Session DATA PDU

Transport
eader
DATA Segment
TCP H

Network der Payload Packet

IP H ea

Data Link ader Payload FCS Frame

Eth He

Physical 001001011010100 Bit

Contents

Basic Concepts of Datacom Networks

Hardware Introduction

Hardware Components – 7750 SR

7750 SR Login

Troubleshooting Scenarios

Conclusion
Hardware Introduction
7750 SR-12 7210 SASR

7750 SARa8 7750 SR-7

Contents

Basic Concepts of Datacom Networks

Hardware Introduction

Hardware Components – 7750 SR

7750 SR Login

Troubleshooting Scenarios

Conclusion
 Hardware Components – 7750 SR
Front View Rear View

1. SF/CPM A 1. Grounding lugs

2. SF/CPM B 2. Cooling fan trays
3. MDA 1 3. DC power connectors
4. MDA 2 4. Status connectors
5. Cable management system
6. IOM slot numbers (from 1 to 10 left to right)
7. Air vent / Air Filter Access
8. ESD strap connector
 Hardware Components - 7750 SR
 BOF – Boot Options File – defines the configuration for router bootstrap (config, software, etc.) and
out-of-band configuration.
 POST – Power On Self Test – checks for basic functionality of router hardware and determines what
interfaces are present.
 RAM – holds the running software, routing memory, packet buffers, etc. There are multiple types of
RAM in the 7750SR present on multiple cards.
 Flash – holds the software, log files, and persistent configuration. There are three flash slots in the
7750SR (per SF/CPM).
 SF/CPM – Switch Fabric/Control Plane Module, that provides the switch fabric between slots and
the control processor that runs the main SR-OS software and centralized functions like routing
protocols.
 IOM – I/O Module that provides connectivity to MDAs and the switch fabric, hosts the queuing and
packet forwarding functions.
 MDA – Media Dependent Adapter hosted in an IOM, and provides the physical layer connectivity.
These cards are hot-swappable and field-replaceable.
 Fan Module – Provides cooling for the system, as well as alarm indicators (LEDs), and
external alarm I/O connector, and an Audible Cutoff/Lamp Test (ACO/LT) pushbutton .
 7750 SR Components - Switch Fabric/Control Processing Module:
SF/CPM
SR-7 and SR-12
 2 load sharing, redundant SF/CPMs, located
in slots A and B

 Full redundancy

In a redundant configuration the SF/CPM allows

for hitless switchover using non-stop routing and
non-stop service capabilities

• A Switch Fabric module (SF/CPM) contains two logically separate functions that are physically co-located to
conserve chassis slots
• The first function is a 500Gbps switch (full duplex) constructed from multiple switching elements
• The second function is the core control processing for the system. The control processing sub-system uses a
pair of processors that perform all of the centralized chassis management functions and implements the
protocol stacks (BGP, OSPF, ISIS, MPLS, etc.). The processors connect into the switch fabric as well, sending
and receive control plane traffic through this mechanism
• Contains three compact flash slots for:
• System and bootup images
• Configuration files
• Logging and accounting files
 7750 SR Components - Switch Fabric/Control Processing Module:
SF/CPM
SF/CPM Front Panel 1. BITs port
2. DTE/DCE selector for the console port
3. Serial console port
4. Auxiliary port
5. Alarm port
6. Alarm cutoff/lamp test button
7. Ethernet management port
8. Compact flash card slots

1. BITS port: a RJ-45 connector, used for a network clock source.

2. DTE/DCE selector for the console port: This allows the use of either straight through or cross-over
cable connections to the console port.
3. Serial console port: a DB-9 serial port used to connect a terminal or PC. Used for initial system
startup as well as system configuration and monitoring. The default port configuration is 115200,
8, N, 1.
4. Auxiliary port: The AUX port is used for a modem, GPS or other auxiliary device connection. On
the SF/CPM3 the AUX port has is an RJ45. (DB-9 on the SF/CPM2)
5. Alarm port: a DB-9 serial port, used to connect to external alarm devices that report conditions
that trigger critical or major alarms.
6. Audible Alarm Cutoff/Lamp Test (AAC/LT) button: pressing the button verifies the operability of
LED’s. The Audible Alarm Cutoff is used to silence external alarms until the next alarm condition
occurs.
 7750 SR Components - Switch Fabric/Control Processing Module:
SF/CPM
SF/CPM Front Panel 1. BITs port
2. DTE/DCE selector for the console port
3. Serial console port
4. Auxiliary port
5. Alarm port
6. Alarm cutoff/lamp test button
7. Ethernet management port
8. Compact flash card slots

7. Management Ethernet port connector and LEDs:

Link LED:
Amber indicates 10 M/bps
Amber (blinking) indicates half-duplex mode
Green indicates 100 M/bps
Unlit indicates operationally down
Data LED:
Green (blinking) indicates RX/TX activity
Amber (blinking) indicates an error condition
8. Compact flash (CF) cards, cf1 ,cf2, and cf3:
• cf1 and cf2 are used for logging, configuration, image file backups
• cf3 stores the Boot Loader File and the Boot Options File (and possibly the boot image and
configuration files – configurable)
 7750 SR Components - IOMs, MDAs and SFPs

Media Dependent Adaptor: MDA

There are many types of MDAs, a few examples are:
5/10-port Gigabit Ethernet MDA, 1-port 10GigEthernet
MDA, 4-port OC-3c/STM-1/OC-12c/STM-4 ATM MDA,
1-port OC-192c/STM-64 SONET/SDH MDA, and many
more.
The wide variety of MDAs assures the flexibility to the
user to build the network according to the needs.

Small From-factor Pluggable transceiver: SFP

The SFPs are small optical modules available in a
variety of formats and allow the hot-swappable
replacement of a single module instead of an entire
board.

Input/Output Module: IOM

The SR7 and SR12 support four IOM types which result in four chassis modes:
Mode a – The default mode corresponding to the 20 Gbps IOM with 2MB Pchip memory, called “iom-20g”
Mode b – The mode corresponding to the 20Gbps IOM with 4MB of PChip memory, called “iom-20g-b”
Mode c – The mode corresponding to the upgraded IOM featuring a faster CPU and additional RAM, called “iom2-20g”
Mode d – The mode corresponding to the upgraded IOM featuring FlexPath II forwarding complex and additional RAM, called
“iom3”
 7750 SR Components - CMAs, MCMs / MDAs

Compact Media Adapter: CMAs

CMAs are interface adapters supporting applications
requiring lower port densities.
Examples of CMAs include:
8-port CHAN DS1/E1 CMA
4-port DS3/E3 CMA
2-port OC3/12-STM1/4 SFP CMA
8-port T1/E1 ATM/IMA CMA
1-port CH OC3/STM1 CES CMA
1-port GigE CMA -XP SFP
5-port GigE CMA-XP SFP
Note: CMAs are supported on the 7750 SR c4 / c12
platforms only

Chassis Control Module: CCM Media Dependent Adapters: MDAs

It is located on the front of the 7750 SR. MDAs are used in conjunction with Media Carrier
The CCM provides the console and management interfaces Modules (MCM). MDAs are installed in MCMs, which
to the 7750 SR as well as alarm information for the CFM and are then installed in the 7750 SR chassis.
power supplies. The MCM takes up two CMA slots
 7750 SR Components - Small Form-Factor Pluggable: SFP

Features:
 Hot-swappable
 Only the required SFPs need to be installed
 Mix and match different types on a single MDA
 Some Nokia SFPs have Digital Diagnostics
Monitoring capability including:
- Temperature
- Supply voltage
- Transmit (TX) bias current
- TX output power
- Received (RX) optical power

Small Form-factor Pluggable: SFP

Transceivers are small optical modules available in a variety of formats.
Nokia strongly recommends the use of SFPs that are tested and verified by Nokia.
Nokia programs its SFPs with the optics type and part number. This enables an operator to easily determine
the SFP type and replacement part number when troubleshooting.
The use of Small Form factor Pluggable (SFP) optics enables further flexibility in populating MDAs with the
required optics on a per-port basis. The combination of hot-pluggable MDAs and optics means that carriers
can defer much of the capital expense of each PoP customer interface until a firm order for service is
received.
 7750 SR Components - Integrated Media Module: IMM

7750 SR12 with IMM

Current IMM options include:

• 1-port 40GigE IMM
• 1-port 100GigE IMM
• 2-port 10GigE IMM
• 4-port 10GigE IMM
• 5-port 10GigE IMM
• 10-port 1GigE/ 1-port 10GigE IMM
• 10-port 10GigE IMM
• 12-port 10GigE IMM
• 48-port GigE (SFP) IMM
• 48-port GigE (10/100/1000Base-T) IMM

IMM Integrates IOM & MDA onto a single, full-slot interface module
 Replacing MDA
Removing MDA Fixing MDA

Step 1 Disconnect all cables from the MDA ports. Step 1 Remove MDA from the packaging and place on a flat anti-static work
Step 2 Loosen the MDA captive screws. surface. Avoid touching board components and connector pins.
NOTE: The MDA cannot be removed if the Step 3 Insert the MDA into expansion slot on the chassis. Align the MDA with
captive screws are tightened. the slot guides and the captive screw with the threaded receptacle.
Step 3 Slide the MDA out of the expansion slot. Step 4 Press the MDA firmly into the slot. Make sure that the connectors are
Step 4 Place the MDA on an anti-static surface. fully seated in the slot receptacle. The faceplate of the MDA should be flush
Step 5 You must either immediately install with the chassis faceplate.
another MDA into the slot or replace the MDA slot Step 5 Tighten the captive screws to secure the MDA. Do not over-tighten. The
with blank cover maximum recommended torque is 4-6 lbf.in.
Warning:
 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage can occur if MDAs are mishandled. Always wear an ESD-preventive wrist or ankle strap and always
connect an ESD strap to the grounding plug on the front of the chassis.
 Always place components on an anti-static surface.
 Do not power up a 7750 SR until all components are installed and verified.
 MDA LEDs

2-Port 10-GBase MDA

Features:
1 Captive screws
2 Power - Blue: On
- Off: No power
3 Ports - 2 XFP ports
4 Lnk - Green: Valid communications link is established.
- Green (blinking): Indicates Link activity.
- Unlit: Disabled, shut down.
5 Label - M2-XFP
Contents

Basic Concepts of Datacom Networks

Hardware Introduction

Hardware Components 7750 SR

7750 SR Login

Troubleshooting Scenarios

Conclusion
Log in to the System Through the Serial Interface

1 Tool Preparation 2 Physical Connection

CPM

Cable:

console cable

Software:
USB-RS232

Putty / SecureCRT

3 Find out COM number 4 Set serial parameter on Putty

Control Panel->Hardware->Device Manager->Ports
 Log in to the System Through the Serial Interface

Console
Port

 Use any terminal emulation

RJ45 to DB-9 Female serial cable DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female serial cable
software - e.g. Putty,
HyperTerminal, SecureCRT etc.
 Configure new session using
appropriate "Serial line" and
following settings: 115200
Speed
Data bits 8
Stop bits 1
Parity None
Flow control None

7750 SR-7 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Serial cable

7750 SR-a4 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Serial cable
TYPE OF CONSOLE 7705 SAR-Wx RJ45 to DB-9 Female Serial cable
CABLE NEEDED FOR 7705 SAR-A RJ45 to DB-9 Female Serial cable
EACH SET OF 7750 SAR-8 DB-9 Female to Female Serial cable
ROUTERS 7210 SAS-R RJ45 to DB-9 Female Serial cable
 Log in to the System Through Management Port

Mgmt Port

 Use a terminal emulation software e.g. Putty to telnet or SSH to

management IP. In this example, 192.168.0.1. See below;
 When you login, a prompt comes up, requesting user and password.

 Connection to Nokia routers can be done via Management port after

setting an IP address for the management interface under BOF (Basic
Option File).
 Assign an IP address to your laptop in same subnet with management
interface. From above example, set your laptop IP as 192.168.0.2/24
 Open a DOS window on your laptop and ensure you can ping
192.168.0.1.
Contents

Basic Concepts of Datacom Networks

Hardware Introduction

Hardware Components 7750 SR

7750 SR Login

Troubleshooting Scenarios

Conclusion
Troubleshooting Scenarios

1. Link down caused by failed IMM card

2. Equipment flap due to high temperature at site
3. Equipment down caused by water ingress
4. Loss of configurations due to voltage surge
5. General PM of equipment
Contents

Basic Concepts of Datacom Networks

Hardware Introduction

Hardware Components 7750 SR

7750 SR Login

Troubleshooting Scenarios

Conclusion
Conclusion

Questions???
Conclusion

Thank You!!!