OMD552-Hospital Waste

Management

UNIT-I (HEALTHCARE HAZARD CONTROL

AND UNDERSTANDING ACCIDENTS)
 UNIT-I Syllabus
Healthcare Hazard Control: Introduction,
Hazard Control: Management & Responsibilities,
Hazard Analysis, Hazard Correction, Personal
Protective Equipment, Hazard Control
Committees,
Accident Causation Theories, Accident Reporting,
Accident Investigations, Accident Analysis,
Accident Prevention, Workers‟ Compensation,
Orientation, Education, and Training.

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 HEALTHCARE
• Healthcare is one of the fastest growing sectors in most of the
country’s economy.
• Healthcare organization seeks to maintain revenues, minimize
losses, serve their communities, and meet regulatory or
accreditation requirements which need effective safety functions.
• Advances in medical technology and clinical treatment techniques
expose workers and patients to a variety of potential hazards.
• Rates of occupational injury to healthcare workers have risen over
the past decade.
• Safety will remain a key function in healthcare organizations which
emphasis on emergency management, indoor air quality, and
patient safety.

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 Hazard?
• The International Board for Certification of Safety Managers
(IBFCSM) defines a hazard as “any solid, gas, or liquid with
the potential to cause harm when interacting with an array
of initiating stimuli including human-related factors.”
• Safety issues facing healthcare organizations,
– Needlesticks
– Back injuries
– Slips and falls
– Laser hazards
– Chemical exposures
– Biological hazards
– Workplace violence & Community

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 International Board
• The International Board for Certification of Safety Managers
(IBFCSM), founded in 1976 operated for some time as the
Board of Certified Hazard Control Management (BCHCM).
• Motto of IBFCSM is Individual Credentials—The Key to
Upgrading the Profession, reflects the on improving
organizational safety and hazard control functions.
• The board offers qualified working healthcare professionals
an opportunity to earn their credential through,
– Certified Healthcare Safety Professional (CHSP)
– Certified Healthcare Emergency Professional (CHEP),
– Certified Patient Safety Officer (CPSO)

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 International Board (Continued…)
• The board offers to add the healthcare Fire Safety
Management (FSM) designation to their primary
certification for CHSP and CHEP credential holders
• The board offers a registered healthcare safety technician-
environmental services (RHST-EVS) designation fills a vital
need for a credential for those responsible for cleaning
and disinfecting healthcare facilities.
• The board also offers qualified candidates the opportunity
to earn their credential in,
– Certified Hazard Control Manager (CHCM)
– Certified Hazard Control Manager-Security (CHCM-SEC)
– Certified Product Safety Manager (CPSM)
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 Hazard control
• Hazard control is also known as safety which emphasis
on preventing accidents, illnesses, and injuries.
• Need a proactive hazard control approach based on
leadership involvement and the practice of effective
management
• Senior healthcare leaders must learn to promote
hazard control and safety as an organizational value.
• The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) continues to highlight the importance of safety
and health for all healthcare organizations including
hospitals, nursing homes, surgery centers, and
physician practices.
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 Hazard control (Continued…)
• The scope of a hazard is to cause human harm
(injuries, illnesses), property damage, risk to
the environment (work interruptions), or a
combination of all three.
• The board defines hazard closing as the
process of two or more hazards or causal
factors attempting to occupy the same space
at the same time.
• The interaction of these causal factors is called
as the accident generation cycle.
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 Fail in Hazard control?
• Most organizations must comply with a number of safety
and environmental standards to minimize risky and unsafe
behaviors.
• Failing to so can impact morale, operational productivity, and
result in higher accident rates.
• Once, a healthcare maintenance supervisor leaving a safety
responsibility presentation that, “I will never again tell any
of my technicians to work safely because of compliance,
accreditation, or organizational requirements.” He then
said, “I will tell my subordinates that we will work safely on
every task because it is the right thing to do.”
• He decided to become a leader instead of as the key
motivators for working safely.
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 How to do Hazard control?
• Companies, businesses, and institutions must make hazard control a
priority organizational function.
• Proactive hazard control can improve operational efficiency,
organizational effectiveness, and the bottom line.
• The hazard control profession should focus to prevent accidents,
injuries, and other losses using management, leadership, and
improvement principles.
• Senior leaders must ensure that organizational members promptly
report accidents, hazards, close-call incidents, and unsafe behaviors.
• Organizations can do little to improve safety-related behaviors or
encourage continuous learning processes.
• Passive hazard control efforts can communicate a general
awareness about the importance of working safely.

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 Continued...
• When organizational leaders and supervisors make
people the priority, adherence to established
policies and compliance standards becomes easier
to achieve.
• Most experienced hazard control managers use
leadership to minimize risky and unsafe behaviors &
understand the importance of engineering
principles which plays in preventing accidents and
injuries.
• Some well-known engineering innovations such as
fire prevention technologies and safer machine
designs.
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HAZARD CONTROL MANAGEMENT
• Hazard control management must focus on developing
processes or systems that can prevent harm and loss.
• The process requires written policies, plans, or
procedures which should direct the hazard control
function.
• Hazard control is not a program but as a function of the
organization.
• Considering hazard control as a function of the
organization elevates its priority in the minds of everyone.
• The function must connect with organizational structures
and operational philosophies.

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 7 Values of Hazard Control Management
1. Never-ending process
2. People focused
3. Leadership driven
4. Operational priority
5. Benefits everyone,
6. Reduces organizational losses
7. Prevents human harm
• Many organizations develop written safety
programs to demonstrate visual compliance
with regulatory.
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 Proactive Vs Reactive Hazard Control
• Anticipates, recognizes, and • Evaluates and investigates past
identifies hazards incidents or accidents
• Analyzes and determines risks • Uses risk management to control losses
• Controls hazards to reduce • Satisfied with reducing accident
accident potential recurrence
• Educates and encourages safe • Disciplines unsafe actions and
behaviors behaviors
• Focuses in preventing losses • Accepts some losses if not too severe
• Analyzes to determine root • Documents errors and primary causes
causes • Responsive to formal culture
• Operates to open and hidden expectations
cultures • Leaders delegate responsibilities to
• Involves leaders in hazard others
control

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 Hazard Control Is Good Business
• Liberty Mutual, in its 2007 Workplace Safety
Index, estimated that in 2005, employers paid
almost $1 billion per week in direct
compensation costs for disabling workplace
injuries and illnesses.
• Survey on ROI (Return on Investment)-60%
• Proactive efforts can help reduce workers’
compensation premiums, injury costs, and lost
productivity.

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 HAZARD CONTROL RESPONSIBILITIES
• Many organizations with high accident rates fail
to outline specific hazard control
responsibilities in their plans, procedures,
directives, and job descriptions.
• The concept of responsibility relates to a
person’s obligation to carry out assigned duties
in an efficient, effective, and safe manner.
• Responsible designation includes Senior
Management, Manager, Supervisor.

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 Senior Management Responsibilities
• Develop, sign, and publish an organizational
hazard control policy statement.
• Describe key expectations related to
accomplishing hazard control objectives.
• Ensure that all organizational members can
explain the major objectives.
• Develop methods to track progress and provide
feedback to all organizational members.
• Require managers and supervisor to visibly
support established objectives.
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 HC Manager Responsibilities
• Guide hazard control(hc) training & educational sessions.
• Serve as the hc consultant and information center.
• Provide hc–related technical assistance as necessary.
• Provide information about legal and compliance requirements
affecting safety and health.
• Evaluate overall hazard control performance as related to established
objectives.
• Maintain communication with regulatory agencies and professional
safety organizations.
• Oversee accident investigations, hazard analysis, and preparation of
reports or summaries.
• Monitor progress of corrective actions required to address hazards or
other safety deficiencies.
• When seeking senior leader’s approval for hazard control
expenditures, use a well-prepared cost–benefit analysis document.
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 Supervisor Responsibilities
• Enforce work rules and correct unsafe or at-risk behaviors.
• Implement hc policies, procedures, and practices in their areas.
• Provide job or task-related training and education.
• Immediately report & investigate accidents in their work areas.
• Conduct periodic area hazard control and safety inspections.
• Ensure proper maintenance &servicing of equipment , tools.
• Lead by example and personally adhere to hazard control
requirements.
• Conduct safety and hazard control meetings on a regular basis.
• Work with organizational hazard control personnel to correct
and control hazards.
• Ensure subordinates can access required plans, policies, and
procedures.
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Supervisor Responsibilities when Addressing Behaviors
• Supervisors must explain work rules and behavioral expectations to all
new or transferred employees.
• Supervisors never tolerate individuals those who disregard work rules.
• When disciplining an individual, do so in private but always document
the facts.
• Never confuse correcting a behavior with undertaking needed
disciplinary action.
• When correcting an unsafe behavior, always state the facts about the
situation but limit personal opinions.
• Take time to recognize good behaviors by using positive reinforcement.
• Some may recognize a hazard but not possess the ability to deal with it.
Too many injuries occur when a person recognized the hazard but failed
to respect its potential for causing harm.
• Some individuals, for unknown reasons, purposely decide to engage in
unsafe or risky behaviors.
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