Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Based on united nations report, by the
end of 2000, there would be 65
countries in the Third World which
could not feed their peoples, and Africa
would be the greatest hit. Experts
claim that the resources of the earth
have the capacity to feed a population
several times bigger than the present
one.
TAIWAN TODAY
They built a good agricultural base
to improve the income of the
farmers and liberate farm labor for
the cities. And they develop
industry that could make the
products that were previously
imported, such as textiles and
fertilizers.
The people of Taiwan enjoy a high
standard of living.
THE RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE
Russia was still an agricultural economy in the early
1900’s. Nevertheless, there were efforts to industrialize
the Russian economy by Peter The Great during the late
1600’s. He initiated the building of factories and new
industries.
Russia was able to demonstrate the possibility of rapid
industrialization, in fact after world war 2, its annual
growth rate even exceeded that of the United states. It
stressed high investment and low consumption, and
industrial development at the expense of agriculture.
These factors through authoritarian central planning have
transformed Russia into the one of the great industrial
powers - second to the United States.
The economic development performance of Russia was
THE RUSSIA CANNOT FEED
THEMSELVES
The Russian style of economic
development has a missing link in
its total scheme. It has attained
tremendous progress in industry
but not in agriculture because its
development priorities have been
focused on high investment and
modern heavy industry.
The failure of The Russian
agriculture is not the fault of the
Russian farmers. It is the lack of
Third World Poverty
A significant cause of the food crisis in
the developing countries has been the
population explosion since after The
World War 2. Before the war, the less
developed countries in Asia, Africa, and
Latin America were the net exporters of
wheat, rice and corn to the industrial
countries. However, tremendous
population growth after the war has
reversed the situation. Millions are now
hungry in the aforementioned regions.
Such population influx creates more
urban problems. This has been
Agricultural productivity is generally low among the
developing countries. By and large. farmers have
second thoughts in using the modern methods of
production, because these are expensive.
Example:
Imported commercial fertilizer and pesticides have
high prices.
Modern agricultural technology is Western
technology is really expensive.
The required agricultural inputs are manufactured
by western countries.
Irrigation
water is crucial to the tropical farmer.
Pests
insects and pests often eat more crops than people.
Present outputs in many areas can easily be increased by
30 percent to 50 percent through effective pests control
Petroleum-based chemicals are expensive and
Fertilizer
commercial fertilizers are costly, instead manure and compose
can be used.
Intercropping and Multi cropping
Intercropping is planting different kinds of crops in alternative
rows. It is one of the cheapest methods of controlling plant
diseases and pests. This practice has been used by asian
farmers for centuries.
Multicropping is planting more than one crop of the same kind
or of various kinds during a growing season.
Weeding
It is one of the most tiresome jobs for farmers in developing
countries. Without weeds productivity increases.
Multiuse
Fields can be rotated between plating various crops and
raising livestock.
Harvesting and Storage
One big shortcoming of agriculture in the developing countries
Farmer's Organizations
A good organization combines the resources of
its members(their money, skills, talents, tools,
and materials) in order to maximize the benefits
for its members. With the cooperative efforts of
the members any organization can become
strong and powerful. It is strength if it is led
into the right direction that can promote the
welfare and interest of the members.
Unfortunately, in the less developed countries,
farmer's organizations are very few and very
weak.