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lecture 16
John Canny
10/16/03
Last Time
Basic electronics:
Resistors, capacitors, inductors, amplifiers
This time
Analog-Digital boundary
1
f =
2π LC
PWM example
For a D/A PWM circuit with max output
frequency of 1000 Hz, and 0.1% “ripple”
(appearance of the pulse signal):
High precision
resistors needed for
either network.
Break - Project proposals
The project is ideally a survey paper + some
resources (books, web links, company names
etc.).
Volts / Hz
Computing Noise:
e.g., For an amplifier with a noise figure of 10
nV/√Hz working at audio frequencies 1-10 kHz,
noise voltage (RMS) = 10-8 x √104 = 1 µ V
RMS = Root-Mean-Square (square root of the
average squared signal) is a natural way of
measuring complex AC signals.