New trends in

Machine Design
{ Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) and Computer
Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
What is CAD ?

 Computer-aided design is the use of computers

to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or
optimization of a design. CAD software is used
to increase the productivity of the designer,
improve the quality of design, improve
communications through documentation, and
to create a database for manufacturing.
What is CAM ?

 Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is

an application technology that uses
computer software and machinery to
facilitate and automate manufacturing
processes. CAM is the successor of
computer-aided engineering (CAE) and is
often used in tandem with computer-aided
design (CAD).
Overview of CAD
 Current Computer-Aided Design software ranges from
2D vector-based drafting systems to 3D solid and surface
modellers. However, newer models of CAD packages
allow rotations in three dimensions, allowing viewing of
a designed object from any angle.
 Some CAD software are capable of dynamic mathematic
modelling – CADD (computer aided design and
drafting) .
 CAD is used throughout the manufacturing process
from conceptual design and layout of products, through
strength and dynamic analysis of assemblies.
 CAD is used from the design of tools and machinery to
the design of industrial structures.
How it works ?
 The product is conceived by an engineer.
 Product is designed in the CAD software with all the
dimensions as per the design.
 CAD data is transferred to the manufacturing machine’s
memory.
 This machine is capable of reading the CAD data and
manufacturing the component.
 Machine uses the CAD data to produce the product,
with little human intervention, carrying to major
production by itself.
Advantages of CAM
 Precise
 Detailed drawing

 Low overhead costs

 Very efficient

 Storage and Retrieval

 3D detailed drawing

 Resizing can be easily done by using

calculations and visual of 3D model

 Error free drafting

 Easy alteration of design

Disadvantages of CAM

 The initial costs of buying a computer system is

high.
 Recurring costs for software updates are

expensive and also time consuming.

 Information can be instantly lost or corrupted if

a virus is introduces or if a problem occurs with

the computer.
 Back up is necessary else the data can be lost.

 Special operating skills required

CAD software names

 ArchiCAD
 AutoCAD

 Auto Desk Inventor

 Cadwork

 NX

 IntelliCAD

 PTC creo

 Autodesk123

 And many more…

Why it has become
necessary ?

To improve productivity of designer.

To improve the quality of design.
To improve communication with the manufacturing
machines.
To create a proper manufacturing database.
To
Why it has become
necessary
 To improve productivity of designer.
 To improve the quality of design.

 To improve communication with the

manufacturing machines.
 To create a proper manufacturing

database.
 To create and test designs.
CAD using industries

 Automotive industry
 Aerospace and aircraft industry

 Textile industry

 Welding and cutting industry

 Die manufacturing industry

 Video gaming industry

 Architecture and structure design firms