GSM

GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE

COMMUNICATION
 CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• HISTORY
• SERVICES
• ARCHITECTURE
• GSM SPECIFICATIONS
• CHARACTERISTICS
• ADVANTAGES
• DISADVANTAGES
• APPLICATIONS
• FUTURE OF GSM
 INTRODUCTION

• GSM is a Digital Cellular Communication System

• It is a second generation cellular standard
• It uses TDMA & digital modulation
• It's transmission speed is 270kbps
 HISTORY

• 1989:- It was developed by "European telecomm

unication standards institute"
• 1991:-The GSM was first introduced in European
market
• The main goal was to provide a uniform internati
onal standard for wireless mobile communication
 SERVICES

• Tele services
• Bearer/data services
• Supplementary services
ARCHITECTURE
 MOBILE STATION
• Mobile station acts as a major role in GSM syste
m
• Mobile station=ME+SIM
ME -Mobile Equipment
SIM- Subscribe Identity Module
Mobile Equipment(ME):
• Mobile Equipment is nothing but mobile Phone
• It consists of transceiver, display,processor & anten
na
Subscriber Identity Module(SIM):
• One of the key feature of GSM is the subscriber Ide
ntity module, commonly known as a SIM card
 BASE STATION SUBSYSTEM
• It consists of two parts
1) Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
2)Base Station Controller(BSC)
Base Transceiver Station(BTS):
• The BTS contains the RF components that provides the
air interface for a particular cell
• It communicates with mobile station and BSC
Base station controller(BSC):
• It control single or multiple BTS
• It communicates directly with the MSC
• It provides the control for the BSS
NETWORK SWITCHING
SUBSYSTEM
• It consists of five parts
1) Mobile Switching Center(MSC)
2)Home Location Register(HLR)
3) Visitor Location Register(VLR)
4) Equipment Identity Register(EIR)
5)Authentication Register(AuR)
Mobile Switching Center (MSC):
• MSC is the centerpiece of a NSS
• It is mostly associated with communications switchi
ng functions such as call set-up, release & routing
Home Location Register (HLR):
• HLR stores data belongs a large number of subscrib
ers
• Such as subscribe address, service type, current loc
ation, forwarding address, authentication & billing
Visitor location register (VLR):
• VLR is similar to HLR
• But it stores dynamic information regarding the sub
scriber data
Equipment Identity Register (EIR):
• Stores all devices identifications registered for this
network
• Database that is used to track handset using the IM
EI(International Mobile Equipment Identity)
Authentication register(AuR):
• It is associated with HLR
• It is used for security purposes
• It provides authentication & encryption parameters
for verification of subscriber Identity
• It ensures confidentiality of each cell
 GSM SPECIFICATIONS
• GSM 900:
Mobile to BTS(uplink):890-915MHZ
BTS to mobile (downlink):935-960MHZ
Bandwidth:2*25MHZ
• GSM 1800:
Mobile to BTS(uplink):1710-1785MHZ
BTS to mobile (downlink):1805-1880MHZ
Bandwidth:2*75MHZ
 CHARACTERISTICS

• Fully digital system

• Compatibility with ISDN
• Full international roaming capability
• Support of short message service (SMS)
• Low speed data services (upto 9.6kbps)
 ADVANTAGES

• International roaming
• Better quality of speech
• Large market
• Longer battery life
• Efficient use of spectrum
 DISADVANTAGES

• Less efficiency
• Dropped & missed calls
• Security issues
 APPLICATIONS

• Mobile telephony
• Controlling & monitoring
- Roller doors
- electric gates
- air conditioners
• Remote camera monitoring
• GSM is used in GPRS system
• Voice call & SMS
 FUTURE OF GSM
2nd Generation
• GSM(Global System for Mobile Communication)
Data rate:9.6kbps
 2.5 Generation
• HSCSD(High Speed Circuit Switched Data)
Data rate:76.8kbps(9.6*8 kbps)
• GPRS(General Packet Radio Services)
Data rate:14.4-115.2 kbps
• EDGE(Enhanced Data rate for GSM Envolution)
Data rate:547.2 kbps(max)
 3rd Generation
• WCDMA(wide band CDMA)
Data rate:0.348-2.0 Mbps
THANK YOU
ANY QUESTIONS ?