A

Project Stage-I Report

On
“Segway Hoverboard”
Submitted By

Mr. Soni .Priyank .G. Mr. Pawar .Labhesh .S.

Mr. Thete Dhananjay. B. Mr. Shinde .Ananta .A

Guided By
Prof. D. S. Pawar

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Pravara Rural Engineering College
[2018-19]
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr.No Title Slide.No
1. Abstract 3

2. Introduction 4

3. Literature review 6

4. Methodology 9

5. Design and Development 10

6. Cost estimation 17

7. Proposed plan 18

8. Expected results 19

9. Conclusion 21

10. References 22

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 1. ABSTRACT
• The emission caused by internal combustion vehicle is increasing day to day
and also the traffic due to automobiles in urban areas has risen tremendously
over the years.
• Traffic congestion increases the vehicle emissions and decreases the ambient
air quality. There can be no immediate solution to this issue but an alternate
solution for the conventional personnel transport is Personal Electrical
Vehicle.
• The transition from the conventional to fully electrical vehicles will be a slow
process but it is possible. This project is focused on developing a Personal
Electrical Vehicle which will be useful for short distance travel. Most people
use the vehicle for shorter distance (i.e. 10kms), this Personal Electrical
Vehicle will widen the means of travel for such short distances. This will also
have a direct impact on the fuel scarcity, which has led to the raise in the fuel
prices over the decade

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 2. INTRODUCTION
• Due to increase in pollution and fuel rates there is need of a vehicle which is
ecofriendly as well as cheap. Hoverboards are the best vehicles for this purpose as they
are ecofriendly as well as cheap.
• The Segway Hoverboard is a two-wheeled, self-balancing, battery- powered electric
vehicle invented by Dean Kamen. It is produced by Segway Inc. of New Hampshire. The
focus on personal vehicle transportation transitioning to electricity was first discussed
by Jack Barkenbus.
• The transition from oil to electricity for personal transportation is what every
automaker is now seeking, to produce an electrical automobile. It will take many years
for more advanced technologies, to result in significant overall reductions in fuel
consumption, due to their higher cost and slower development.
• The move to full electrical vehicles may progress in stages from hybrid electric vehicles
(HEVs), to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and finally to full electric vehicles.
The safety, durability, and performance depends on the batteries. Improper use of a
battery can significantly reduce its life and can be dangerous.

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 3. LITERATURE REVIEW
Sr.No Authors Name Year of Summary
publication
1 Ankit S. Khanzode 2016 The aim of their project was to manufacture a low
cost and highly efficient Segway hoverboard
without use of any complex and electronic part
such as microcontroller and gyroscope .They
successfully attained their goal
2 A.Dineshkumar 2017 According to them the biggest disadvantage of
PEV is its high price. Higher price can be
compensated by lower operational cost.
3 Pravin Kumar Singh 2016 This paper describes the design and fabrication of
Segway hoverboard wheeler. It describes the way
to balance a hoverboard using a small supporting
wheels an eco-friendly mode of transport which
causes zero pollution.
4 Wael Younis 2009 The aim of this research is to study the theory
behind building Segway vehicles based on the
stabilization . An experimental model has been
designed and implemented through this study.

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LITERATURE SUMMARY

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• 3.1 Problem Statement:-
The aim of this project is to manufacture a cheap and efficient Hoverboard
purely on mechanical base which is very easy to build and use. The main cost of the
vehicle which is due to the gyroscope is eliminated by using a small supporting wheel.

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4. METHODOLOGY
Identification of the need

Recognition of the need

Collection of the data(Design of various parts)

Select the proper method for designing of the parts

Evaluation

Implementation

Troubleshooting

Result 8
 5.DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
• During the process of design and development of the project the following specification
should be met by the Hoverboard in order to meet the objectives laid. The specifications are
as follows:-

1. Range of the vehicle:- 15-20 km

2. Top speed of the vehicle:-25 km/h
3. Maximum payload:-80 kg

[12]

Fig. 1. General view of the vehicle 9

 DESIGN CONSIDERATION
A. Torque Calculations:-
1. Maximum weight of rider = 80 kg
2. Frame weight including batteries = 14 kg (approx)
3. Therefore, Total weight=94 kg (approx.)
4. Coefficient of friction between road and tyre = 0.3
Torque required = Coefficient of friction*Friction Force * Radius of Wheel
T = 0.3*94(kg)*8.89(cm)
T = 2.5kgf-m (Approx.)
As two motor are used. Therefore torque required by each motor = 1.25kgf –m(Approx.) .[10]
B. Variation of R.P.M with input current:-

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5
4
3 • Output voltage: 12V
2 • Output current: 5A per channel. [10]
1
0
200 400 600 800

Variation of RPM with 10

Current Input
• FRAME: - Frame is made of wooden block and four M.S blocks are used to make the
frame. To make frame balanced, four M.S blocks of equal weights are used. It is
engaged firmly with the help of stud.
 Details of Segway frame:-
• Base Plate Thickness - 10mm
• Aluminum Rod Diameter - 25 mm
• Rod Height – 1016mm
• Normal Cycle Handle Bar used for balancing purpose
• Size of hollow rectangular pipe of metallic frame-25*25mm
• Thickness-1.5mm

Fig.5.1.2 Mechanical Segway Handle 11

Fig.5.1.1: Mechanical Segway Frame
• MOTORS: It is the main source of power with is to drive the vehicle. There are two motors, each
for one wheel. [9]

Motor Specification:
• DC gear motor (Wheel chair motor).
• Voltage range- 12V-24V. 3) Current- 2-5 Amp.
• Gear ratio- 1:50
• Power- 150Watt
• Motor RPM- 100-3200 RPM
• Weight- 1.75kg

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BATTERY: -
• Battery is a main power source. Two 12V DC batteries are used in
Mechanical Segway. Each battery connected with each motor. Battery supplies
power to each motor to run the wheels. Battery is rechargeable in both ways
electric socket and solar plates. [9]

• Battery Specifications: -
• Voltage range- 12V-24V DC (22Ah)
• Current – 2-5Amp.
• Battery weights- 5.9kg
• Size- 181*76*167mm
• Battery type- AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat)

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• DPDT (Double Pole Double Throw) SWITCH:- Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT) switch. It is used
to guide the direction of rotation of motor shaft. By operating the switch the direction of vehicle can
be controlled. Connecting wires are used to connect switch with motor.[9]
DPDT Switch Specifications:
• Switch Function- On-off-on
• Panel cutout dimensions- 30*22.20mm
• Operating temperature- -200C ~550C
• Current rating- 15A (AC)
• Voltage rating- 125V (AC)

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MECHANICAL SEGWAY TYRES:
• In mechanical Segway two tyres is used in both the sides
Tyre Specifications:
• Wheel radius- 170mm
• Material- Combination of rubber and leather.
• Casing material – combination of fiber and plastic.
• Thickness of tyre- 100mm

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7.SUPPORTING WHEEL: Supporting wheel is used on Mechanical Segway. The purpose of small
supporting wheel is to balance properly; there is no need to gyroscope for the balancing purpose.
Also easy to assemble and dis-assemble.[9]
Supporting small wheel Specification:
• Wheel diameter- 63.5mm
• Material - Plastic hard rubber
• Metal casing is used to supporting the wheels and one fixing socket is provided.

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 BRAKING SYSTEM:-Brakes are used to stop the vehicle when needed. Rubber pad friction type brakes
generally used in bicycles are used in the Segway as it is a low speed vehicle

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CHAIN DRIVE :-:- A chain device consists of an endless chain wrapped
around two Sprockets.
• The efficiency of chain drive is high at times as high as 98%
• A chain drive dose not slip
• Although they generate noise, they present no fire Hazards and are unaffected by
high temperature or atmospheric condition.
• Chain drive is more compact then Belt or Gear Drive.

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 6. COST ESTIMATION
Components Cost

DC Gear Motors 4000

Wheels 600

Frame 600

Batteries /Adaptors 1000

Total Cost = Cost of STD parts + Cost of Material + Cost of Fabrication
Chain Drive 200
= 6300 + 800 + 400

Sprocket 500 = 7500/-

Stud 100

Miscellaneous 100

Fabrication 400

[11]
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 7. PROPOSED PLAN
MONTHS
JUNE JULY OCT 2018 JAN 2019 FEB 2019 MARCH MAY
2018 AUG APRIL JUNE
SEPT-2018 2019 2019
1 Registration of
project
2 Visit to fabrication
shop
3 Collection of data
4 Design and Calculations
5 Preparation of Project
Stage-1 report

6 Presentation of Project
Stage-1
7 Purchase of all
required materials
and parts
8 Fabrication of the Segway
Hoverboard
9 Discussion with Guide

10 Testing of the Segway

Hoverboard

11 Making any required

changes

12 Preparation of Project
Stage-2 report.

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13 Presentation of the final
report.
 8. EXPECTED RESULTS
The project was chosen based on many parameters such as:-
• Pollution
• Easier travelling
• Availability of similar products on Indian market
• Reduced cost compared to other PEVs.
• Area of Operation
• Range of Operation
• Feasibility in the market.

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 Parameter Available PEV Project

Range 30 kms 15-20 kms

Battery type Lithium ion battery Solid battery

Total weight (vehicle)

25 kgs 14 kgs

Charging time 2 hours 6 hours

Payload 100 kgs 80 kgs

Battery voltage
12v 12v

Motor power 250w 150w

Top speed 30 kmph 25 kmph

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 9. CONCLUSION
Personal electric vehicles are technically feasible now. However, suppliers have not yet arrived at a
set of practical vehicles that best match technical feasibility and consumer demand.
• Part of the challenge is to under-stand the relative trade-offs among cost, weight, range and other
dimensions of vehicle performance.
• The PEV is a revolutionary device that requires no special skills and that “virtually anyone can use.”
• It will be useful for the elderly people.

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 10.REFERENCES
1. A.Dineshkumar al. International Journal of Recent Research Aspects ISSN: 2349-7688, Vol. 4, Issue 4, Dec 2017, pp. 264-268
2. Reilly, R., and Andrle, S. Forces and Factors that Require Consideration of New Paradigms. In TCRB Report No. 55, TRB, Transit
Cooperative Research Program, Washington, D.C. 1999, pp. 4-17.
3. Cervero, R. Walk-and-Ride: Factors Influencing Pedestrian Access to Transit. Journal of Public Transportation, Volume 3, No. 4,
2001. pp. 1-25.
4. ]Koopman, John, “Dashing new device for delivering mail Postal Service tries scooters on S.F. hills”, Jul.16, 2002.
http://sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/07/16/BA23242 5.DTL Accessed Jul. 24, 2002.
5. Meyer, Caroline, “Rolling right along. Scooter meets few obstacles but safety issues grow”, Apr. 25,
2002.http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wpdyn?pagename=a rticle&node=&contentId=A47006-2002Apr25
6. J. Searock, B. Browning and M. Veloso, 2004, “Turning Segways into Robust Human-Scale Dynamically Balanced Soccer Robots”,
in Proceedings of the Eighth RoboCup International Symposium, July, 2004.
7. M. Fiacchini, A. Viguria, R. Cano, A. Prieto, F. R. Rubio, J. Aracil y C. Canudas-de-Wit, Design and experimentation of a personal
pendulum vehicle. In: Control, 7 th Portuguese Conference on Automatic Control. September 2006. Lisboa, Portugal.
8. Brian Hughes, The Unique Physics of the Segway PT balanced at all times, “Ergonomics of Segway. Reaction of segway with
humans.” Accessed on May 30, 2009.
9. International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) ISSN: 2321-0869, “Mechanical Segway” Ankit S. Khanzode.
10.“Design and Fabrication of Self Balancing Two Wheeler”, Pravin Kumar Singh, Abhishek Jaswal, Saurabh Chand, Ali Abdullah, Rishi
Chakraborty .
11.www.indiamart/dcgearmotors,www.indiamart/agm batteries
12.www.google/images

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