Reorganisations of Adalat in

1780
 PLAN OF 1780

          The plan of 1774 did not turned out as it was

planned by Hastings. Hence, he made some
changes and modifications in the Judicial Plan
of 1774 and introduced it as the plan of 1780.  
 Seperation of revenue from judiciary: seperation of the revenue
from the administration of justice. The Provincial councils of
revenue continued to look after the collection of revenue but their
judicial power to hold civil courts was taken away.
 Jurisdiction of Provincial Diwani Adalat extended- they were
empowered to decide all cases of property, including those
relating to inheritance and succession to zamindaris and
talukdaris which were previously under the responsibilty of the
Governor General and Council.
 Appeal- where the amount involved exceeded its value, an appeal
was allowed to the Sadr Diwani Adalat at Calcutta. The Governor
General and his Council constituted the Sadr Diwani Adalat.
 Miscallenous- the Court fee was fixed at 2%-5% depending upon
the valuation.
Native law officers were required to assist the court.
    In Sadr Diwani Adalat Warren Hastings realised the
difficulty in deciding civil cases in appeal. For this-

 On 29th September 1780, Hasting proposed in the Council

that Chief Justice, Sir Elijah Impey be requested to accept
the charge of the office of the Sadr Diwani Adalat.
 He became the Chief Justice of both the superior courts-
a) Supreme Court
b) Sadr Diwani Adalat
  Impey accepted this offer. He remained in Sadr Diwani
Adalat for a year but he introduced lot of reforms in
Sardar Diwani Adalat.
 Impey drafted many regulations to reform the Adalat on
November 3rd 1780. First reform regulation was passed to
regulate the procedure of the Diwani Adalat.
 As per this rule he was allowed to take the help of Hindu
Pundits or Muslims Mulla if it was necessary to
understand the cause or case.
  Impey compiled a civil procedure code for the guidance
of the Sadr Adalat and Mofussil Diwani Adalat, it was the
First Code of Civil Procedure to be prepared in India.
 The code contained 95 clauses and with it all the previous
regulations regulating to civil procedure were repeated.
The code of 1781 clearly defined the functions, power and
jurisdiction of Sadr Diwani Adalat.
 Merits

 1)    The personal laws of Hindus and Muslims were safe

guarded.
 2)    District was selected as a unit of the administration of
justice and collection of the revenue.
 3)    The jurisdiction of the Diwani and Faujdari Adalats
were clearly defined.
 4)    The judges of these Courts were Englishmen and they
did not have the knowledge of the personal laws of Hindus
and Muslims, but this defect removed out to the large
extent of appointing native law officers.
 5)    The commission basis was replaced by the court-fee
which was to be deposited with the Government and not
with Judges. This changes was made so that Judges ceased
to have any personal interest in a particular case. Thus the
change was made to promote impartial and fair justice.
 Demerits
1. Less number of courts.
2. Officers appointed for Adalats were not trained in
law and legal work.
3. Corrupted Zamindars and Public Officers who were
appointed to decide petty civil cases up to 100/- and
had to work on honorary basis.