FIRST CALIPH

ABU BAKR SIDDIQ

What is a Caliph?
■ Caliph means “successor”
■ It approximates the words: King, Monarch, Ruler.
■ Sometimes the term caliph is also related to Imam, or
religious leader.
Caliphate

■ The caliphate is the “succession of rule”

■ It is also the Islamic form of government under a
caliph.
Qualities of a Caliph

■ He had to be male.
■ A member of the Quraishi tribe,
■ Sane
■ Competent in the law and;
■ An able administrator
What are the tasks of a
Caliph?
■ He must preserve the religion; protect Islam.
■ To act as the spiritual and temporal figurehead of Islam
■ He must guarantee public safety and security
■ He must appoint leaders who are honest and sincere
■ He should supervise matters directly himself
■ To extend its territorial jurisdiction, and to act as the
spiritual and temporal figurehead of Islam.
How does a caliph get
appointed?
• He was chosen and elected by the decision
makers

• Appointment to the position by the

previous caliph
Abu Bakr Siddiq:
• The First Muslim caliph.
• His family lineage is Abdullah bin Abu Quhafah bin
Amir bin Amr bin Ka’b bin Sa’d bin Tamim bin Murrah
bin Ka’b bin Luai bin Ghalib bin Fihr bin Malik bin
• Nadr bin Kinanah.
His mother was Salma bint Sakhr bin Ka’b bin Sa’d and
the name of his father was Abu Quhafah.
• "Atiq," was the name her mom used to call him
• Abu Bakr was called Abd Ka’bah in the Days of
Ignorance.
• Al-Siddiq is another name given to him by Prophet
Muhammad, in Arabic it means "truthful, devoted, loyal"
Early Life
• In his early years, he played with camels and goats

• At the age of 18, he accepted the profession of cloth

merchant, which was his family's business. His business
flourished and though his father was still alive, Abu Bakr
(R.A.) came to be recognized as chief of his tribe
because of his many qualities such as knowledge about
the history of Arabs tribes (genealogical knowledge),
politics, trade/business, his kindness and many other.
Abu Bakr Siddiq
• Abu Bakr was the closest friend and companion
of Muhammad.
• The father-in-law of Prophet Muhammad, for his daughter
Aisha is one of the wives of Prophet Muhammad.
• He was chosen by the Prophet as his companion on
the Hijrah to Medina.
Conversion of Abu Bakr
• It's a tradition to accept Abu Bakr as the second convert
to Islam after Khadija, the Prophet Muhammad's beloved
wife.
• His immediate acceptance for Islam was a consequence of the
steadfast friendship with the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.).
• His wife Qutaylah did not accept Islam and he divorced her. His
other wife, Um Ruman, became a Muslim. All his children,
except Abul Rahman, accepted Islam.
His role in Battles of Badr and
Uhud:
■ Badr was the first large-scale engagement between the
Muslims and the non-believers of Makkah which took
place on Badr, near Madinah, on 17th Ramadan, 2 AH
(March 13th, 624 AD).
■ In the Battle of Badr, Abu Bakr (R.A.) was one of the
guards of Prophet’s (S.A.W.) tent and was entrusted with
his safety.
Contributions in Islamic
Civilization:
■ As Caliph, Abu Bakr brought all of central Arabia under
Muslim control and was successful in spreading Islam
further through conquest.
■ He also work to collect and preserve the sayings of the
Prophet in writing, into a form that became the Qur’an.
Death and Burial
■ Abu Bakr Siddiq (R.A.) died on Monday, 22nd of Jumada
Al-Akhirah, 13th AH (August 23rd, 634 AD)
■ When Abu Bakr died, he was sixty-three years old and
his caliphate had lasted for only two years and three
months.
■ Presented by: Cosain, Sittie Saiba A.