Pengenalan Sistem Informasi (2)

Dipresentasikan Oleh:
TURNIP , Togu Novriansyah
Emai l: togu@del.ac.id

Introduction to Information System and Database

12S4081
 Tujuan Kuliah
Mahasiswa mampu:
 Mengidentifikasi komponen-komponen sebuah sistem informasi
 Mengidentifikasi aktifitas yang terdapat pada sebuah sistem informasi

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 Overview
 Basic Definition
◦ System
◦ Information
we have learned these
last week
◦ Information System
◦ Why we need to study IS

 IS Components
 IS Activities

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 IS Components
People resources
Hardware resources
Software resources
Data Resources
Networking Resources

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 IS Component : People Resources
People are the essential ingredient for the successful operation of all
information systems.
These people resources include :
◦ End users :people who use an information system or the information it
produces
◦ IS specialists: people who develop and operate information systems.

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 IS Component : Hardware Resources
Includes all physical devices and materials used in information
processing.
Not only machines , such as computers and other equipment, but
also all data media , that is, tangible objects on which data are
recorded, from sheets of paper to magnetic or optical disks.

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 IS Component : Software Resources
The concept of software resources includes all sets of information
processing instructions.
This generic concept of software includes not only the sets of
operating instructions called programs, which direct and control
computer hardware, but also the sets of information processing
instructions called procedures that people need.

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 IS Component : Software Resources
(Cont.)
Example:
◦ System software, such as an operating system program, which controls
and supports the operations of a computer system. Microsoft Windows
and Unix are two examples of popular computer operating systems.
◦ Application software, which are programs that direct processing for a
particular use of computers by end users. Examples are sales analysis,
payroll, and word processing programs.
◦ Procedures, which are operating instructions for the people who will use
an information system. Examples are instructions for filling out a paper
form or using a software package.

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 IS Component : Data Resources
Data can take many forms, including :
 traditional alphanumeric data, composed of numbers, letters, and other
characters that describe business transactions and other events and
entities;
text data, consisting of sentences and paragraphs used in written
communications;
image data, such as graphic shapes and figures or photographic and
video images; and
audio data, including the human voice and other sounds.

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 IS Component : Network Resources
Include:
◦ Communications media. Examples include twisted-pair wire, coaxial and fiber
optic cables, cellular, and satellite wireless technologies.
◦ Network infrastructure. Examples include communications processors, such
as modems and internetwork processors, and communications control
software, such as network operating systems and Internet browser packages.

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 Basic Definition
◦ System
◦ Information
◦ Information System
◦ Why we need to study IS

 IS Components

 IS Activities

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 IS Activities

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 IS Activities : Input
 Input typically takes the form of data entry activities such as
recording and editing.
 End users usually enter data directly into a computer system or
record data about transactions on some type of physical medium
such as a paper form.

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 IS Activities : Process
 Processing activities, such as calculating, comparing,
sorting, classifying, and summarizing.
 These activities organize, analyze, and manipulate data,
thus converting them into information for end users.

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 IS Activities : Output
Information in various forms is transmitted to end users and made available to
them in the output activity.
Common information products include:
 messages,
 reports,
 forms,
 and graphic images,
which may be provided by video displays, audio responses, paper products,
and multimedia.

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 IS Activities : Storage
 Storage is the information system activity in which data are retained in an
organized manner for later use.
 For example, just as written text material gets organized into words, sentences,
paragraphs, and documents, stored data are commonly organized into a variety
of data elements and databases.

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 IS Activities : Control of System
Performance
 An information system should produce feedback about its input,
processing, output, and storage activities.
 This feedback must be monitored and evaluated to determine if the
system is meeting established performance standards.

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 IS Component and Activities
illustrates an information system model that expresses a
fundamental conceptual framework for the major components and
activities of information systems.
An information system depends on the resources of
 people (end users and IS specialists),

 hardware (machines and media),

 software (programs and procedures),

 data (data and knowledge bases), and

 networks (communications media and network support

to perform input, processing, output, storage, and control

activities that transform data resources into information
products.

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 Recognizing Information Systems
 You should be able to recognize the fundamental components of
information systems you encounter in the real world. This demand
means that you should be able to identify:
 The people, hardware, software, data, and network resources they use.
 The types of information products they produce.
 The way they perform input, processing, output, storage, and control
activities

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 Recognizing Information Systems
(Cont.): Example of IS resources and Product

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 Recognizing Information Systems
(Cont.): Example of IS Activities

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 Reference
James A O’Brien “Introduction to Information System”. McGRAW-HILL, 15th Edition, 2010

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 Study Case (1)
Choose one information system that is familiar to you.
Example: Campus Information System, OLIS (Library), or other information system that
you know
 Why your case study is called information system? (you can explain it in
terms of Information system definition and components)
 What is the purpose of the information system and what kind of
information it deliver?
For the information system that you choose as a case study, define the
components of the information system and IS Activities?

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 Study Case (2)
Theoretically the information system is classified into three categories:
Transactional processing system
Management information system
Decision support system

Classify your information system and give the reason for your
classification
Search in internet or some reference books several information systems
that represent each category of information system (Transactional,
management and decision support system)

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