TOPIC 1

Fuel Cell for Large Scale Solar

What and How?
A single fuel cell consists of an
electrolyte sandwiched between two
electrodes, an anode and a cathode
catalyst causes the hydrogen molecules
to separate into protons and electrons.
The membrane allows only the protons
to pass through it.
negatively-charged electrons follows an
external circuit to the cathode
This flow of electrons is electricity
Plant Configuration 1

Heat by-product

Switchgear Transformer
Electrolysis H2 Fuel H2 Stationary
System / Fuel Cell
Electricity Tank Electricity Grid
Electrolyser Generator

Treated Water

Water by-product
Raw Water Intake Water
Treatment
Plant Configuration 2
Energy
Storage

Electricity Heat by-product

Switchgear Transformer
Electrolysis H2 Fuel H2 Stationary
System / Fuel Cell
Tank Electricity Grid
Electrolyser Generator

Treated Water

Water by-product
Raw Water Intake Water
Treatment
Electrolyser
 Giner ELX , USA

Electrolyser

Siemens, Germany – SILYZER

Nelhydrogen, Norway – M series

Fuel Cell Generator
 Solar Power Plant
100MWac/140MWp Conversion
Estimated Production Input from SPP - 548 MWh
about
200,000MWh/year
Output from FC – 161.3MWh
548MWh/Daily
Round Trip/ Conversion
Efficiency = 29.43%

GRID

Electrolyser
50 no's of 2MW unit
Estimated Production
about Storage Tank
Max of 120,971 Nm3 14,600L @ 30 bar
of hydrogen daily.

Fuel cell Power Generator

7 no's of 1MW unit
Estimated Production about
161.3MWh/Daily
Constant output of
6.72MW for 24 hour
50 megawatt (MW) class secondary hydrogen fuel cell power plant at Seosan, South
Chungcheong Province, Korea
 TOPIC 2
Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
Battery Storage System
1. Lead Acid
2. Lithium ion
3. Saltwater (sodium-ion
aqueous
4. VRLA
5. Vanadium Flow batteries
Battery Storage System What to look for?

1.Capacity & power

-kWh
-C-Rate

2. Depth of discharge (DoD)

3. Round-trip efficiency

4. Battery life & warranty

-Cycle
-Year/Hours
-Degradation Percentage
Power Block 1
0.45MWac/0.74MWp
Battery BOL : 548kWh
Configuration 1 - Curtailment Storage
62 string

Solar Power Plant

85MWac/140MWp
AC:DC ratio of 1.65
Estimated Production
about 200,000MWh/year
548MWh/Daily
Power Block 2
0.45MWac/0.74MWp
Battery BOL : 548kWh
62 string
Box Transformer-1
6000kVA
15 input

Power Block 3-12

0.45MWac/0.74MWp
Battery BOL : 548kWh
62 string

Power Block 189 33KV SWGR Power Transformer

0.45MWac/0.74MWp 6 in 1 out 85MW/100MVA
Battery BOL : 548kWh
62 string

Box Transformer-13
6000kVA
15 input
 Configuration 2 – Dispatchable Energy

Production
15MWh / block

Power Block 1
6MWac/7.8MWp
626 string Production Compact Sub
30MWh / block 2500kVA

Compact Sub
2500kVA

33KV SWGR Power Transformer

4 in 1 out 40MW/50MVA

100MW

Compact Sub
2500kVA

40MW

0MW
Box Transformer-13
Power Block 19 6000kVA
6MWac/7.8MWp 15 input
626 string
 TOPIC 3
Reactive Power Compensation
Reactive Power Requirement
CC6.4.2.1
All Power Park Modules must be capable of generating Reactive Power at the Connection Point in
accordance with the Performance Chart or MW and MVAr capability limits shown in the figure entitled
“Reactive Power Requirement During Normal Operation” shown below for at all Active Power output
levels under steady state voltage conditions. In the figure, 100% Active Power output is deemed as the
Rated MW at the Connection Point.

CC6.4.2.5
For any Power Park Module the Reactive Power output under steady state conditions should be fully
available within the range +/- 10% at 500kV, 275kV and 132kV where the requirement and
limits shown in the figure below applies.
What is it?
Reactive Power can best be described as the quantity of
“unused” power that is developed by reactive
components in an AC circuit or system.
Reactive Power Requirement

CC6.4.2.5

CC6.4.2.1
 Reactive Power Sizing
BASE CASE

Other Factor
1) Voltage Variation
2) Transformer

61.96MVar
3) Distance to
injection point

COS Ø = 0.85

100MW
Reactive Power Compensation Method
1. Shunt compensation (Mechanical Switch)
2. Series compensation (Mechanical Switch)
3. Synchronous condensers
4. Static VAR compensators (Thyristor Control)
5. Static compensators - STATCOM (IGBT)