SETTINGS, PROCESSES,

METHODS, AND TOOLS IN

COUNSELING
Aaron M. Pepito, RPm
Teacher
DIASS
 Do this:

You have two minutes to reflect on any life

changing event/experience that you have
personally gone through. Think of how you
coped with it, did you effectively move on
from it?
GOVERNMENT SETTING

 Counseling settings vary widely but the

processes, methods, and tools used by
counselors are very similar . Counseling
professionals in government setting
work with various government agencies
that have counseling services such as:
GOVERNMENT SETTING
 Social welfare
 Correctional department
 The court system
 Child and women affairs services
 Schools
 Military
 Police
 Mental and foster homes and,
 Rehabilitation centers
PRIVATE SECTORS SETTING

 In the private sector, counselors range

from independent providers of services
or work for NGOs, or specialized for
profit centers and organization that
render a variety of counseling services
CIVIL SOCIETY SETTING
 The context of civil society is generally
charities or non-profit and issue-based
centers or organizations such as:
• For abused women
• Abandoned children and elderly
• Veterans
• Teachers
• Professionals or,
• Religious groups
SCHOOL SETTING
 In the school setting, the role of the
school counselor is more complex since
the needs of students can vary widely.
This gives rise to the more dynamic and
complex role of school counselor; it
depended on a school’s local
circumstances as well as the dynamism
within the profession itself.
SCHOOL SETTING

 As such, school counselors assume many

different responsibilities and task based
on the [articular needs students in the
school context.
 “Guidance process occurs in an
individual in a developmental sequence
to the age of maturity” (Coy 1999)
 GUIDANCE

TENDS TO BE MORE
CENTERED ON THE
DEVELOPMENTAL NEEDS OF
THE INDIVIDUALS
 Changes in School Counselor Training

 School counselors are now educated and experienced in

knowledge and skill based programs that stress counselling,
guidance, consultation, coordination and referrals.
(Coy 1999)
 Concerns That Interfere With Learning

 School counselors are now educated and experienced in

knowledge and skill based programs that stress counselling,
guidance, consultation, coordination and referrals. (Coy 1999)
 It is very important that school
counselors “define their role better by
recognizing that they cannot do their
work alone and they need to
collaborate with other stakeholders”
(Sears and Granello 2002)
 MULTIPLE ROLES OF SCHOOL
COUNSELORS
 Apart from their counselling roles, school counselors are also
assigned non-counselling roles. There can range from:
• Part-time teaching
• Secretarial responsibilities
• Substituting teachers when not available
• Lunch duty and,
• Other responsibilities assigned by the administrators and
staff looking for extra assistance.
 Non-counselling tasks can take a considerably amount of
time and pull counselors away from more appropriate
counselling activities. Presence of these non-counselling
roles often brings confusion and lack of effectivity to the
guidance programs of the school in the Philippines, the
roles of the school counselors have been prescribed and
proffesionalized the practice (R.A. 9258)
 ROLE OF THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
COUNSELOR (K-6)
 Include:
• development and implementation or facilitation of classroom
guidance activities
• Individual and group counselling
• Parent education,
• Individual and group counselling,
• Parent education,
• Parent-teacher consultation,
• Referrals to professionals and public agencies and,
• Crisis intervention and management.
 ROLE OF THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
COUNSELOR (7-10)
 Provide guidance and counselling in
dealing with peer relationships and social
interactions, and as such, includes
work with students, teachers,
and parents in the attempt to help
each understand the other.
(Ward and Worsham 1998)
 ROLE OF THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
COUNSELOR (11-12)

 Provide guidance and counselling

pertaining to educational and career
decisions as well as college
placement counselling
(Ward and Worsham 1998)
ROLE OF THE COLLEGE COUNSELOR

 Provide counselling, appraisal and

assessment, information,
placement, research and
evaluation, follow up and students
activities (CMO 21 s. 2006)